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Author: Tobias E. Erlanger Publisher: Sudwestdeutscher Verlag Fur Hochschulschriften AG ISBN: 9783838107349 Category : Languages : de Pages : 240
Book Description
This PhD thesis examines the impact of water resources development projects on the transmission of tropical infectious diseases. A particular focus is placed on dengue, lymphatic filariasis and Japanese encephalitis. A hydroelectric dam project in Laos is presented as a case study to demonstrate the health impact for this type of development. The role of health impact assessment is also discussed. The author concludes that water resources development and management projects offer opportunities for infrastructure development and economic growth; yet, if not well-designed, implemented and operated, they negatively affect health and well-being of local and distant communities. There is evidence that vector-borne infections in particular proliferate in areas with poor infrastructure and limited resources. Health impact assessment provides an opportunity to mitigate the negative and enhance the positive effects of water projects. Given the current predictions of water resources development projects, there is a pressing need to institutionalise health impact assessment in the developing world.
Author: Tobias E. Erlanger Publisher: Sudwestdeutscher Verlag Fur Hochschulschriften AG ISBN: 9783838107349 Category : Languages : de Pages : 240
Book Description
This PhD thesis examines the impact of water resources development projects on the transmission of tropical infectious diseases. A particular focus is placed on dengue, lymphatic filariasis and Japanese encephalitis. A hydroelectric dam project in Laos is presented as a case study to demonstrate the health impact for this type of development. The role of health impact assessment is also discussed. The author concludes that water resources development and management projects offer opportunities for infrastructure development and economic growth; yet, if not well-designed, implemented and operated, they negatively affect health and well-being of local and distant communities. There is evidence that vector-borne infections in particular proliferate in areas with poor infrastructure and limited resources. Health impact assessment provides an opportunity to mitigate the negative and enhance the positive effects of water projects. Given the current predictions of water resources development projects, there is a pressing need to institutionalise health impact assessment in the developing world.
Author: Institute of Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309138728 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 328
Book Description
As the human population grows-tripling in the past century while, simultaneously, quadrupling its demand for water-Earth's finite freshwater supplies are increasingly strained, and also increasingly contaminated by domestic, agricultural, and industrial wastes. Today, approximately one-third of the world's population lives in areas with scarce water resources. Nearly one billion people currently lack access to an adequate water supply, and more than twice as many lack access to basic sanitation services. It is projected that by 2025 water scarcity will affect nearly two-thirds of all people on the planet. Recognizing that water availability, water quality, and sanitation are fundamental issues underlying infectious disease emergence and spread, the Institute of Medicine held a two-day public workshop, summarized in this volume. Through invited presentations and discussions, participants explored global and local connections between water, sanitation, and health; the spectrum of water-related disease transmission processes as they inform intervention design; lessons learned from water-related disease outbreaks; vulnerabilities in water and sanitation infrastructure in both industrialized and developing countries; and opportunities to improve water and sanitation infrastructure so as to reduce the risk of water-related infectious disease.
Author: King K. Holmes Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 1464805253 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 1027
Book Description
Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death globally, particularly among children and young adults. The spread of new pathogens and the threat of antimicrobial resistance pose particular challenges in combating these diseases. Major Infectious Diseases identifies feasible, cost-effective packages of interventions and strategies across delivery platforms to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS, other sexually transmitted infections, tuberculosis, malaria, adult febrile illness, viral hepatitis, and neglected tropical diseases. The volume emphasizes the need to effectively address emerging antimicrobial resistance, strengthen health systems, and increase access to care. The attainable goals are to reduce incidence, develop innovative approaches, and optimize existing tools in resource-constrained settings.
Author: John Melton Hunter Publisher: ISBN: 9789241561556 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 170
Book Description
Issues a call for action to correct the gross neglect of the health consequences of water impoundment and irrigation projects. Arguments and proposed lines of action respond to the documented magnitude of human misery and incapacity that follow when water development projects make no provision for disease control. Concentrating on parasitic diseases as the most dramatic and reliable indicators of adverse effects on health, the book aims to persuade the financiers, planners, and managers of these projects to make health concerns a central part of the development dialogue. To this end the book draws upon a large body of evidence to demonstrate both the magnitude of project-related health risks and the feasibility of their prevention and control. Citing the traditionally passive role of the health sector as a contributing factor, the book also aims to encourage health authorities to enter the project cycle with a more insistent voice. Throughout the book, emphasis is placed on recent knowledge about parasitic diseases that underscores the feasibility of formulating policies where the goal of economic progress is compatible with the protection and promotion of health.
Author: Medlicott, K. Publisher: IWMI ISBN: Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 10
Book Description
In UNESCO World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP); UN-Water. The United Nations World Water Development Report 2020: water and climate change. Paris, France: UNESCO
Author: Institute of Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309305020 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 393
Book Description
The twentieth century witnessed an era of unprecedented, large-scale, anthropogenic changes to the natural environment. Understanding how environmental factors directly and indirectly affect the emergence and spread of infectious disease has assumed global importance for life on this planet. While the causal links between environmental change and disease emergence are complex, progress in understanding these links, as well as how their impacts may vary across space and time, will require transdisciplinary, transnational, collaborative research. This research may draw upon the expertise, tools, and approaches from a variety of disciplines. Such research may inform improvements in global readiness and capacity for surveillance, detection, and response to emerging microbial threats to plant, animal, and human health. The Influence of Global Environmental Change on Infectious Disease Dynamics is the summary of a workshop hosted by the Institute of Medicine Forum on Microbial Threats in September 2013 to explore the scientific and policy implications of the impacts of global environmental change on infectious disease emergence, establishment, and spread. This report examines the observed and potential influence of environmental factors, acting both individually and in synergy, on infectious disease dynamics. The report considers a range of approaches to improve global readiness and capacity for surveillance, detection, and response to emerging microbial threats to plant, animal, and human health in the face of ongoing global environmental change.
Author: Clare Heaviside Publisher: MDPI ISBN: 3039367404 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 288
Book Description
Climate change poses a serious challenge to our health and wellbeing. The increasing frequency of extreme weather events such as floods, droughts, and heatwaves, and the direct impacts of changes in temperature have direct impacts on health. At the same time, broader environmental change affects infectious disease risk, air pollution, and other forms of exposure. The different ways in which climate change will affect health are complex, interactive, and different communities are disproportionately affected. International actions such as the Paris Agreement and the Sustainable Development Goals recognise the future risks to society and acknowledge that we are already committed to a certain level of climate change. Future adaptation measures therefore need careful assessment and implementation for us to be able to minimise the potential risks from climate change and, at the same time, maximise the potential health benefits of a cleaner, greener world. This Special Issue comprises original research articles and detailed reviews on the likely impacts of climate change on health in a range of geographical settings, and the potential for adaptation measures to reduce some of these risks. Ultimately, studies like these will motivate policy level action for mitigation and help in determining the most effective methods of adaptation to reduce negative impacts in future through embedding scientific evidence into practice.
Author: Vasileios A. Tzanakakis Publisher: MDPI ISBN: 3039433067 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 290
Book Description
This Book includes selected papers that has been published in the Water journal Special Issue (SI) on Water Supply and Water Scarcity. Moreover, an overview of the SI is included. The papers selected for publication in the SI include review and research papers on water history, on water management issues under water scarcity regimes, on rainwater harvesting, on water quality and degradation, and on climatic variability impacts on water resources. Overall, the issue identify and highlight the main challenges in water sector, and particularly in management and protection of water resources and in use of alternative (non-conventional) water resources, especially in areas with demographic change and climate vulnerability in order to achieve sustainable and secure water supply. Furthermore, general guidelines and possible solutions for an improved and sophisticated water management system are proposed and discussed, such as the adoption of advanced technological solutions and practices that improve water-use efficiency and the use of alternative water resources, to address the growing environmental and health issues and to reduce the emerging conflicts among water users.
Author: Dean T. Jamison Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 0821361805 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 1449
Book Description
Based on careful analysis of burden of disease and the costs ofinterventions, this second edition of 'Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries, 2nd edition' highlights achievable priorities; measures progresstoward providing efficient, equitable care; promotes cost-effectiveinterventions to targeted populations; and encourages integrated effortsto optimize health. Nearly 500 experts - scientists, epidemiologists, health economists,academicians, and public health practitioners - from around the worldcontributed to the data sources and methodologies, and identifiedchallenges and priorities, resulting in this integrated, comprehensivereference volume on the state of health in developing countries.
Author: Tobias E. Erlanger
Author: Tobias E. Erlanger
Author: Institute of Medicine
Author: King K. Holmes
Author: John Melton Hunter
Author: Medlicott, K.
Author: Madeline Drexler
Author: Institute of Medicine
Author: Clare Heaviside
Author: Vasileios A. Tzanakakis
Author: Dean T. Jamison