Author: B. W. PhippenPublisher:
ISBN: 9780772666307
Category : Water quality
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Water Quality Assessment and Objectives for Tsolum River Watershed
Author: B. W. PhippenPublisher:
ISBN: 9780772666307
Category : Water quality
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Water Quality Assessment and Objectives for the Tsolum River Watershed
Author: B. W. PhippenPublisher:
ISBN: 9780772666314
Category : Water quality
Languages : en
Pages : 22
Book Description
Water Quality Assessment and Objectives
Author: BC Environment. Water Quality BranchPublisher: BC Environment
ISBN: 9780772624321
Category : Water quality
Languages : en
Pages : 96
Book Description
Government Reports Announcements & Index
Author: Assessing the TMDL Approach to Water Quality Management
Author: National Research CouncilPublisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309075793
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 242
Book Description
Over the last 30 years, water quality management in the United States has been driven by the control of point sources of pollution and the use of effluent-based water quality standards. Under this paradigm, the quality of the nation's lakes, rivers, reservoirs, groundwater, and coastal waters has generally improved as wastewater treatment plants and industrial dischargers (point sources) have responded to regulations promulgated under authority of the 1972 Clean Water Act. These regulations have required dischargers to comply with effluent-based standards for criteria pollutants, as specified in National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permits issued by the states and approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Although successful, the NPDES program has not achieved the nation's water quality goals of "fishable and swimmable" waters largely because discharges from other unregulated nonpoint sources of pollution have not been as successfully controlled. Today, pollutants such as nutrients and sediment, which are often associated with nonpoint sources and were not considered criteria pollutants in the Clean Water Act, are jeopardizing water quality, as are habitat destruction, changes in flow regimes, and introduction of exotic species. This array of challenges has shifted the focus of water quality management from effluent-based to ambient- based water quality standards. Given the most recent lists of impaired waters submitted to EPA, there are about 21,000 polluted river segments, lakes, and estuaries making up over 300,000 river and shore miles and 5 million lake acres. The number of TMDLs required for these impaired waters is greater than 40,000. Under the 1992 EPA guidance or the terms of lawsuit settlements, most states are required to meet an 8- to 13-year deadline for completion of TMDLs. Budget requirements for the program are staggering as well, with most states claiming that they do not have the personnel and financial resources necessary to assess the condition of their waters, to list waters on 303d, and to develop TMDLs. A March 2000 report of the General Accounting Office (GAO) highlighted the pervasive lack of data at the state level available to set water quality standards, to determine what waters are impaired, and to develop TMDLs. This report represents the consensus opinion of the eight-member NRC committee assembled to complete this task. The committee met three times during a three-month period and heard the testimony of over 40 interested organizations and stakeholder groups. The NRC committee feels that the data and science have progressed sufficiently over the past 35 years to support the nation's return to ambient-based water quality management. Given reasonable expectations for data availability and the inevitable limits on our conceptual understanding of complex systems, statements about the science behind water quality management must be made with acknowledgment of uncertainties. This report explains that there are creative ways to accommodate this uncertainty while moving forward in addressing the nation's water quality challenges.
Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
Author: Proceedings of the 34th Annual Aquatic Toxicity Workshop, September 30 to October 3, 2007, Halifax, Nova Scotia
Author: Karen Ann KiddPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aquatic ecology
Languages : en
Pages : 290
Book Description
Assessing the TMDL Approach to Water Quality Management
Author: Committee to Assess the Scientific Basis of the Total Maximum Daily Load Approach to Water Pollution ReductionPublisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 9780309090056
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 99
Book Description
Over the last 30 years, water quality management in the United States has been driven by the control of point sources of pollution and the use of effluent-based water quality standards. Under this paradigm, the quality of the nation's lakes, rivers, reservoirs, groundwater, and coastal waters has generally improved as wastewater treatment plants and industrial dischargers (point sources) have responded to regulations promulgated under authority of the 1972 Clean Water Act. These regulations have required dischargers to comply with effluent-based standards for criteria pollutants, as specified in National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permits issued by the states and approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Although successful, the NPDES program has not achieved the nation's water quality goals of "fishable and swimmable" waters largely because discharges from other unregulated nonpoint sources of pollution have not been as successfully controlled. Today, pollutants such as nutrients and sediment, which are often associated with nonpoint sources and were not considered criteria pollutants in the Clean Water Act, are jeopardizing water quality, as are habitat destruction, changes in flow regimes, and introduction of exotic species. This array of challenges has shifted the focus of water quality management from effluent-based to ambient- based water quality standards. Given the most recent lists of impaired waters submitted to EPA, there are about 21,000 polluted river segments, lakes, and estuaries making up over 300,000 river and shore miles and 5 million lake acres. The number of TMDLs required for these impaired waters is greater than 40,000. Under the 1992 EPA guidance or the terms of lawsuit settlements, most states are required to meet an 8- to 13-year deadline for completion of TMDLs. Budget requirements for the program are staggering as well, with most states claiming that they do not have the personnel and financial resources necessary to assess the condition of their waters, to list waters on 303d, and to develop TMDLs. A March 2000 report of the General Accounting Office (GAO) highlighted the pervasive lack of data at the state level available to set water quality standards, to determine what waters are impaired, and to develop TMDLs. This report represents the consensus opinion of the eight-member NRC committee assembled to complete this task. The committee met three times during a three-month period and heard the testimony of over 40 interested organizations and stakeholder groups. The NRC committee feels that the data and science have progressed sufficiently over the past 35 years to support the nation's return to ambient-based water quality management. Given reasonable expectations for data availability and the inevitable limits on our conceptual understanding of complex systems, statements about the science behind water quality management must be made with acknowledgment of uncertainties. This report explains that there are creative ways to accommodate this uncertainty while moving forward in addressing the nation's water quality challenges.
Water Quality, Geomorphology, and Aquatic Life Assessments for the Olentangy River TMDL Evaluation
Author: Jonathan D. WitterPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Geomorphology
Languages : en
Pages : 399
Book Description
Abstract: This dissertation is a series of studies related to the development of a TMDL for the Olentangy watershed. In the first study, a customized version of the SWAT model was used to predict hydrology and water chemistry for the Olentangy River watershed (1985-2002). This version of SWAT simulated a restrictive layer in the soil profile and its impact on subsurface drainage, watershed hydrology, and nutrient and sediment transport. Model parameterization and calibration are presented. Following model calibration all land use in the watershed was changed to forest, prairie, or wetlands to predict potential water quality of pre-European conditions. Results suggest that sediment, total phosphorus, and nitrate-nitrogen at the watershed outlet have increased by factors of approximately 50, 20, and 3, respectively, for most subwatersheds in the watershed. The calibrated SWAT model was used to predict the potential water quality benefits of alternative management scenarios. Alternative management scenarios that were evaluated include: 1) crop rotations, 2) fertilizer application rates, 3) types of tillage, 4) timing of tillage operations, and 5) buffer strips. A 33-meter buffer strip was predicted to provide the largest water quality benefits when compared to other alternative management scenarios. Another study was conducted to develop a geomorphology assessment index to provide a logical and minimally biased framework to evaluate dynamic equilibrium at study sites in the Olentangy River watershed. Regional curves were developed using geomorphology data from study sites impacted by a variety of disturbances. A diagnostic approach that integrated multiple lines of evidence was used to develop the index. In chapter 5 a statistical analysis was conducted to examine species-environment relationships between stream biology and environmental variables such as water quality, habitat, spatial location, and geomorphology. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was used to elucidate relationships between biology and environmental variability. Partial CCA techniques were used to partition variation among the groups of environmental variables. Environmental variables were grouped into three categories including geomorphology variables, habitat variables, and spatial location variables. The partial CCA technique was used to partition variation between each of these variable groups. Results suggest that geomorphology variables explained the most variation.
Forest Hydrology
Author: Devendra AmatyaPublisher: CABI
ISBN: 1780646607
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 309
Book Description
Forests cover approximately 26% of the world's land surface area and represent a distinct biotic community. They interact with water and soil in a variety of ways, providing canopy surfaces which trap precipitation and allow evaporation back into the atmosphere, thus regulating how much water reaches the forest floor as through fall, as well as pull water from the soil for transpiration. The discipline "forest hydrology" has been developed throughout the 20th century. During that time human intervention in natural landscapes has increased, and land use and management practices have intensified. The book will be useful for graduate students, professionals, land managers, practitioners, and researchers with a good understanding of the basic principles of hydrology and hydrologic processes.