Vulnerability of Buildings to Blast Loads and Progressive Collapse PDF Download

Author: Omer Salem Ahmed Yagob
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Blast effect
Languages : en
Pages : 188

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Author: Sahar Mirhosseini
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Building failures
Languages : en
Pages : 220

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Book Description
During the last two decades, a significant number of embassies, commercial centers, governmental structures, industrial facilities, and residential buildings have been attacked by explosives. Consequently, blast-resistant design of structures has gained importance in recent years to minimize structural damage and threat to life safety. Some guidelines have been developed for this purpose, based on previously conducted research. The U.S. General Services Administration (GSA) report is one of these guidelines that provide practical solutions to blast-related engineering problems, including requirements for analysis and design for prevention of progressive collapse in structures. The guidelines also help establish the potentials for progressive collapse in existing buildings.

Author: Isabel Abbott Galvão Sobreira Lopes
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 88

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Book Description
(Cont.) Several blast-resistant features found in the Pentagon were not present in the design of the Murrah Building, thereby increasing the vulnerability of the structure to damage and collapse. The development of design codes and guidelines for blast resistance presents a number of challenges. These challenges generally arise from the erratic nature of blast loads and the difficulty in standardizing design procedures for variable levels of threat. While it may be difficult to implement general guidelines and codes for blast resistance, existing knowledge of blast hardening techniques can be applied to the design of buildings on a risk-based, case-by-case basis.

Author: Geoffrey Mays
Publisher: Thomas Telford
ISBN: 9780727720306
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 140

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Book Description
This guide is aimed at all engineers and architects involved in building design, focusing on the importance of constructing buildings which minimise damage to people and property in the event of an explosion.

Author: Abdullah Al-Bayti
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Book Description
Reinforced concrete columns are essential elements that are responsible for overall strength and stability of structures. Loss of a column within a frame can cause progressive collapse. While some research has been conducted on blast performance of reinforced columns, primarily under far-field explosions, very limited work exists on the effects of close-in explosions. Dynamic response of concrete columns, in multi storey building, was investigated under close-in blast loads numerically, using FEM software LS-DYNA. A six-storey reinforced concrete building was selected for this purpose. Different standoff distance/charge mass combinations were used to investigate the failure modes of external building columns. Three different charge masses were used; i) backpack bomb having 22.67 kg (50 lbs) of TNT, ii) compact sedan car bomb with 227 kg (500 lbs) of TNT and iii) sedan car bomb with 454 kg (1000 lbs) of TNT. The explosives were placed at different distances relatively close to the structure, triggering different failure modes. Effects of transverse reinforcement and column location (edge versus corner column) were studied under different combinations of charge weight and standoff distance. Column response under dynamic blast load was identified as either local or global. The results show that the failure mode with backpack bombs located at small standoff distance is either local breaching or concrete scabbing. Direct shear failure occurred at column supports when higher charge masses were detonated at close distances. As the standoff distance increased the response changed from breaching or direct shear to diagonal tension and flexure. The column transverse reinforcement played a major role in controlling diagonal shear cracks and promoting flexural response. Hence, the amount and spacing of transverse reinforcement were observed to be important design parameters.

Author: Daigoro Isobe
Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN: 0128130423
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 226

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Book Description
Provides a new method for analysing collapse behaviours of buildings under various scenarios, such as impact, fire, blast demolition, earthquake, and tsunami. The analysis of the vulnerability of buildings against progressive collapse is a challenging task. Progressive Collapse of Structures: Numerical Codes and Applications provides a variety of numerical analysis tools and methods which allow engineers to simulate structural collapse behavior during all stages of the process. This book covers methods such as adaptively shifted integration (ASI) and ASI-Gauss techniques. Algorithms are supplied to simulate member fracture and contact behaviors. The author also supplies various numerical examples including case studies from the World Trade Center (WTC) towers in New York City, Nuevo Leon buildings in Mexico, and the collapse of the Canterbury Television (CTV) building in New Zealand. Discusses algorithms for simulating fracture and contact behaviors of structural members Covers fire-induced progressive collapse analyses of high-rise towers, seismic pounding analysis of adjacent buildings, blast demolition analysis of steel-framed structures, and many more Includes numerical codes that supply highly accurate solutions with less memory use and small computational cost

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Building failures
Languages : en
Pages : 124

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Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309171865
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 85

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Book Description
The Blast Mitigation for Structures Program (BMSP) is a research and development activity conducted by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) to improve the performance of buildings that are targets of terrorist attack. The primary goal of the BMSP is to reduce loss of life and injuries to the occupants of these buildings through the development of innovative techniques for new structures and retrofitting existing facilities. The committee's findings and recommendations are contained in this initial assessment report.

Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309088801
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 126

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Book Description
In November 1999, GSA and the U.S. Department of State convened a symposium to discuss the apparently conflicting objectives of security from terrorist attack and the design of public buildings in an open society. The symposium sponsors rejected the notion of rigid, prescriptive design approaches. The symposium concluded with a challenge to the design and security professions to craft aesthetically appealing architectural solutions that achieve balanced, performance-based approaches to both openness and security. In response to a request from the Office of the Chief Architect of the Public Buildings Service, the National Research Council (NRC) assembled a panel of independent experts, the Committee to Review the Security Design Criteria of the Interagency Security Committee. This committee was tasked to evaluate the ISC Security Design Criteria to determine whether particular provisions might be too prescriptive to allow a design professional "reasonable flexibility" in achieving desired security and physical protection objectives.

Author: Martha J. Boss
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420078356
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 424

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Book Description
All too often the assessment of structural vulnerability is thought of only in terms of security upgrades, guards, and entrance barriers. However, in order to fully ensure that a building is secure, the process of design and construction must also be considered. Building Vulnerability Assessments: Industrial Hygiene and Engineering Concepts focuses