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Author: Vetiver Network Publisher: Washington, D.C. : World Bank ISBN: Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 292
Book Description
Vetiver grass: the ideal plant for vegetative soil and moisture conservation. Vetiver grass: the hedge against erosion. The role of vetiver grass in sustaining agricultural productivity.
Author: Vetiver Network Publisher: Washington, D.C. : World Bank ISBN: Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 292
Book Description
Vetiver grass: the ideal plant for vegetative soil and moisture conservation. Vetiver grass: the hedge against erosion. The role of vetiver grass in sustaining agricultural productivity.
Author: John C. Greenfield Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 9780821314050 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 86
Book Description
This handbook has been prepared to support fieldworkers and farmers in developing vegetative systems of soil and mositure conservation that will meet the requirements of small farmers in developing countries, most of whom reside in the tropics and semitropics. Experience has shown that conventional systems of earth bunds or terraces on small farms are expensive and in many cases, especially in modern times, ineffective. When applied correctly, vegetative systems of soil and mositure conservation - particulary the system of hedges of vetiver grass described in this handbook - have proved cheaper and more effective.
Author: Delwyn G. Fredlund Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1118280504 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 946
Book Description
The definitive guide to unsaturated soil— from the world's experts on the subject This book builds upon and substantially updates Fredlund and Rahardjo's publication, Soil Mechanics for Unsaturated Soils, the current standard in the field of unsaturated soils. It provides readers with more thorough coverage of the state of the art of unsaturated soil behavior and better reflects the manner in which practical unsaturated soil engineering problems are solved. Retaining the fundamental physics of unsaturated soil behavior presented in the earlier book, this new publication places greater emphasis on the importance of the "soil-water characteristic curve" in solving practical engineering problems, as well as the quantification of thermal and moisture boundary conditions based on the use of weather data. Topics covered include: Theory to Practice of Unsaturated Soil Mechanics Nature and Phase Properties of Unsaturated Soil State Variables for Unsaturated Soils Measurement and Estimation of State Variables Soil-Water Characteristic Curves for Unsaturated Soils Ground Surface Moisture Flux Boundary Conditions Theory of Water Flow through Unsaturated Soils Solving Saturated/Unsaturated Water Flow Problems Air Flow through Unsaturated Soils Heat Flow Analysis for Unsaturated Soils Shear Strength of Unsaturated Soils Shear Strength Applications in Plastic and Limit Equilibrium Stress-Deformation Analysis for Unsaturated Soils Solving Stress-Deformation Problems with Unsaturated Soils Compressibility and Pore Pressure Parameters Consolidation and Swelling Processes in Unsaturated Soils Unsaturated Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice is essential reading for geotechnical engineers, civil engineers, and undergraduate- and graduate-level civil engineering students with a focus on soil mechanics.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309042690 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 186
Book Description
For developing nations, soil erosion is among the most chronic environmental and economic burdens. Vast amounts of topsoil are washed or blown away from arable land only to accumulate in rivers, reservoirs, harbors, and estuaries, thereby creating a double disaster: a vital resource disappears from where it is desperately needed and is deposited where it is equally unwanted. Despite much rhetoric and effort, little has been done to overcome this problem. Vetiver, a little-known tropical grass, offers one practical and inexpensive way to control erosion on a huge scale in both humid and semi-arid regions. Hedges of this deeply rooted species catch and hold back sediments while the stiff foliage acts as a filter that also slows runoff and keeps moisture on site. This book assesses vetiver's promise and limitations and identifies places where this grass can be deployed without undue environmental risk.
Author: Lawrence K. Wang Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1603270310 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 884
Book Description
The past 30 years have seen the emergence of a growing desire worldwide that positive actions be taken to restore and protect the environment from the degrading effects of all forms of pollution – air, water, soil, and noise. Since pollution is a direct or indirect consequence of waste production, the seemingly idealistic demand for “zero discharge” can be construed as an unrealistic demand for zero waste. However, as long as waste continues to exist, we can only attempt to abate the subsequent pollution by converting it to a less noxious form. Three major questions usually arise when a particular type of pollution has been identi ed: (1) How serious is the pollution? (2) Is the technology to abate it available? and (3) Do the costs of abatement justify the degree of abatement achieved? This book is one of the volumes of the Handbook of Environmental Engineering series. The principal intention of this series is to help readers formulate answers to the above three questions. The traditional approach of applying tried-and-true solutions to speci c pollution problems has been a major contributing factor to the success of environmental engineering, and has accounted in large measure for the establishment of a “methodology of pollution control. ” However, the realization of the ever-increasing complexity and interrelated nature of current environmental problems renders it imperative that intelligent planning of pollution abatement systems be undertaken.
Author: Humberto Blanco-Canqui Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1402087098 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 617
Book Description
“Principles of Soil Management and Conservation” comprehensively reviews the state-of-knowledge on soil erosion and management. It discusses in detail soil conservation topics in relation to soil productivity, environment quality, and agronomic production. It addresses the implications of soil erosion with emphasis on global hotspots and synthesizes available from developed and developing countries. It also critically reviews information on no-till management, organic farming, crop residue management for industrial uses, conservation buffers (e.g., grass buffers, agroforestry systems), and the problem of hypoxia in the Gulf of Mexico and in other regions. This book uniquely addresses the global issues including carbon sequestration, net emissions of CO2, and erosion as a sink or source of C under different scenarios of soil management. It also deliberates the implications of the projected global warming on soil erosion and vice versa. The concern about global food security in relation to soil erosion and strategies for confronting the remaining problems in soil management and conservation are specifically addressed. This volume is suitable for both undergraduate and graduate students interested in understanding the principles of soil conservation and management. The book is also useful for practitioners, extension agents, soil conservationists, and policymakers as an important reference material.
Author: William Critchley Publisher: Asian Development Bank ISBN: 9292577387 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 68
Book Description
The Asian Development Bank has introduced significant changes in the way farmers and other stakeholders view and benefit from evolving approaches to sustainable land management (SLM) practices. Firmly embedded in SLM are the management and climate resilience of natural resources, which can be enhanced and scaled up by adopting a "landscape approach." This publication sets out how the landscape approach can contribute to overcoming major environmental and developmental challenges---focusing on rural areas of Asia and by examining prevalent forms of SLM (namely participatory forest management, terraces, conservation agriculture, and home gardens). This publication seeks to strengthen awareness of the landscape approach and facilitate the integration of its key elements into cooperation programs with its developing members.
Author: Syed S. Kirmani Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 9780821337325 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 50
Book Description
This report describes the World Bank's successful interventions in three international river basins -- the Indus, the Mekong, and the Aral Sea -- to foster riparian cooperation and agreements. It discusses the key features of the Bank's role and the following strategies: intervening solely to promote development and peace; timing interventions when issues were serious, when riparians were not able to address them on their own, and when they needed and wanted Bank assistance; initiating dialogue with riparian countries at the highest levels to inspire confidence, playing a proactive role in exploring pragmatic solutions acceptable to all parties rather than pursuing ideal but unworkable solutions; using quiet diplomacy in negotiating sensitive issues; making the required long-term staff and budgetary commitment despite final outcome uncertainty; mobilizing donor countries support; and analyzing risks and taking appropriate measures to minimize them. The paper concludes that the Bank can succeed in other international river basin conflicts if it follows these same strategies.--Publisher's description
Author: Michel Kerf Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 9780821337448 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 118
Book Description
This paper examines the promise and challenge of infrastructure privatization in sub-Saharan Africa, with particular emphasis on power, telecommunications, water, rail, ports and airports. The paper places primary emphasis on mobilizing private investment in infrastructure. To realize the potential of infrastructure privatization in sub-Saharan Africa, four main challenges must be addressed: a) concerns over market size, affordability and payment risks; b) establishing adequate legal and regulatory frameworks; c) dealing with non commercial risks; and d) mobilizing local finance. The paper examines these four areas and gives elements of a future strategy for the World Bank Group.
Author: Vetiver Network
Author: Vetiver Network
Author: John C. Greenfield
Author: Delwyn G. Fredlund
Author: National Research Council
Author: Lawrence K. Wang
Author: Humberto Blanco-Canqui
Author: William Critchley
Author: Syed S. Kirmani
Author: Montague Yudelman
Author: Michel Kerf