Vegetation Dynamics in Oueme Basin, Benin, West Africa PDF Download

Author: Zhixin Deng
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
ISBN: 3867274304
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 181

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Author: Zhixin Deng
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
ISBN: 3736924305
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 182

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Book Description
Land use in Benin has been changed enormously since 20 years. The farming systems in the Oueme Basin are experiencing an ongoing intensifying process. Balancing the inherent trade-offs between immediate human needs and ecosystem capacity, needs comprehensive knowledge about ecosystem functions. To test the possible feedbacks between vegetation, precipitation and other environmental driving forces empirically, a new quantitative vegetation appraisal method was developed. Thus, the temporal and spatial vegetation dynamics of the whole Oueme Basin in Benin, West-Africa were reconstructed. The newly defined eco-volume and bio-volume concepts were used as alternative vegetation indicators in comparison with the standard biomass indicators. That portion of precipitation variability, originating specifically from vegetation variability, was defined as eco-precipitation. The in situ measured agro-ecological and farming system parameters of the three major vegetation types were used to validate the agricultural statistics and the satellite land cover data. Other available datasets comprising annual precipitation, vegetative duration coefficient and population density were adapted to comparable time and spatial spans, and eventually analysed together with the reconstructed vegetation dynamics. The feedback between vegetation and precipitation was evaluated at different spatial scales. To detect possible future trends, static regional scenarios of precipitation in relation to eco-volume in 2004, as well as combined temporal and spatial scenarios of bio-volume in relation to precipitation from1987 to 2025 have been simulated.

Author: Mathurin C. Houngnikpo
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN: 0810871718
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 489

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Book Description
Benin is now perceived of as a model of democracy in Africa because it has successfully established a democratic political system based on consensus and regular and fair elections, and it continues to improve its electoral and parliamentary systems. Since its democracy it has taken important steps towards laying the foundation for the rule of law by establishing stable political institutions that can withstand the test of time. It has also engaged in an important legal, institutional, and regulatory reform to establish a more favorable environment for private initiative. The fourth edition of Historical Dictionary of Benin covers its history through a chronology, an introductory essay, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 900 cross-referenced entries on important personalities, politics, economy, foreign relations, religion, and culture. This book is an excellent access point for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about Benin.

Author: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1009445383
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 3070

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The Working Group II contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) provides a comprehensive assessment of the scientific literature relevant to climate change impacts, adaptation and vulnerability. The report recognizes the interactions of climate, ecosystems and biodiversity, and human societies, and integrates across the natural, ecological, social and economic sciences. It emphasizes how efforts in adaptation and in reducing greenhouse gas emissions can come together in a process called climate resilient development, which enables a liveable future for biodiversity and humankind. The IPCC is the leading body for assessing climate change science. IPCC reports are produced in comprehensive, objective and transparent ways, ensuring they reflect the full range of views in the scientific literature. Novel elements include focused topical assessments, and an atlas presenting observed climate change impacts and future risks from global to regional scales. Available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

Author: Edward G. Bellinger
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119964326
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 379

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Book Description
Freshwater Algae: Identification and Use as Bioindicators provides a comprehensive guide to temperate freshwater algae, with additional information on key species in relation to environmental characteristics and implications for aquatic management. The book uniquely combines practical material on techniques and water quality management with basic algal taxonomy and the role of algae as bioindicators. Freshwater Algae: Identification and Use as Bioindicators is divided into two parts. Part I describes techniques for the sampling, measuring and observation of algae and then looks at the role of algae as bioindicators and the implications for aquatic management. Part II provides the identification of major genera and 250 important species. Well illustrated with numerous original illustrations and photographs, this reference work is essential reading for all practitioners and researchers concerned with assessing and managing the aquatic environment.

Author: International Association of Theoretical and Applied Limnology
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Freshwater biology
Languages : en
Pages : 354

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Author: Matteo Brunelli
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319125028
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 88

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Book Description
The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) has been one of the foremost mathematical methods for decision making with multiple criteria and has been widely studied in the operations research literature as well as applied to solve countless real-world problems. This book is meant to introduce and strengthen the readers’ knowledge of the AHP, no matter how familiar they may be with the topic. This book provides a concise, yet self-contained, introduction to the AHP that uses a novel and more pedagogical approach. It begins with an introduction to the principles of the AHP, covering the critical points of the method, as well as some of its applications. Next, the book explores further aspects of the method, including the derivation of the priority vector, the estimation of inconsistency, and the use of AHP for group decisions. Each of these is introduced by relaxing initial assumptions. Furthermore, this booklet covers extensions of AHP, which are typically neglected in elementary expositions of the methods. Such extensions concern different numerical representations of preferences and the interval and fuzzy representations of preferences to account for uncertainty. During the whole exposition, an eye is kept on the most recent developments of the method.

Author: D.R. Helsel
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080875084
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 539

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Book Description
Data on water quality and other environmental issues are being collected at an ever-increasing rate. In the past, however, the techniques used by scientists to interpret this data have not progressed as quickly. This is a book of modern statistical methods for analysis of practical problems in water quality and water resources.The last fifteen years have seen major advances in the fields of exploratory data analysis (EDA) and robust statistical methods. The 'real-life' characteristics of environmental data tend to drive analysis towards the use of these methods. These advances are presented in a practical and relevant format. Alternate methods are compared, highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of each as applied to environmental data. Techniques for trend analysis and dealing with water below the detection limit are topics covered, which are of great interest to consultants in water-quality and hydrology, scientists in state, provincial and federal water resources, and geological survey agencies.The practising water resources scientist will find the worked examples using actual field data from case studies of environmental problems, of real value. Exercises at the end of each chapter enable the mechanics of the methodological process to be fully understood, with data sets included on diskette for easy use. The result is a book that is both up-to-date and immediately relevant to ongoing work in the environmental and water sciences.

Author: Shakeel Ahmad
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811514720
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 651

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Book Description
This book provides a comprehensive and systematic overview of the recent developments in cotton production and processing, including a number of genetic approaches, such as GM cotton for pest resistance, which have been hotly debated in recent decades. In the era of climate change, cotton is facing diverse abiotic stresses such as salinity, drought, toxic metals and environmental pollutants. As such, scientists are developing stress-tolerant cultivars using agronomic, genetic and molecular approaches. Gathering papers on these developments, this timely book is a valuable resource for a wide audience, including plant scientists, agronomists, soil scientists, botanists, environmental scientists and extention workers.

Author: Daniel Pauly
Publisher: WorldFish
ISBN: 9710400223
Category : Fishery management
Languages : en
Pages : 355

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