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Author: Hua Wang Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: Category : Agua - China Languages : en Pages : 28
Book Description
"The marginal productivity of water used for industry varies among sectors in China, but there is a great potential for the Chinese government to save water by raising water prices to industry, to encourage water savings"--Cover.
Author: Hua Wang Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: Category : Agua - China Languages : en Pages : 28
Book Description
"The marginal productivity of water used for industry varies among sectors in China, but there is a great potential for the Chinese government to save water by raising water prices to industry, to encourage water savings"--Cover.
Author: Arjen Y. Hoekstra Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1444360191 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 232
Book Description
Globalization of Water is a first-of-its-kind review of the critical relationship between globalization and sustainable water management. It explores the impact of international trade on local water depletion and pollution and identifies “water dependent” nations. Examines the critical link between water management and international trade, considering how local water depletion and pollution are often closely tied to the structure of the global economy Offers a consumer-based indicator of each nation’s water use: the water footprint Questions whether trade can enhance global water use efficiency, or whether it simply shifts the environmental burden to a distant location Highlights the hidden link between national consumption and the use of water resources across the globe, identifying the threats facing ‘water dependent’ countries worldwide Provides a state-of-the-art review and in-depth data source for a new field of knowledge
Author: Somik V. Lall Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 24
Book Description
The marginal productivity of water used for industry varies among sectors in China, but there is great potential for the Chinese government to save water by raising water prices to industry, to encourage water conservation.Using plant-level data on more than 1,000 Chinese industrial plants, Wang and Lall estimate a production function treating capital, labor, water, and raw material as inputs to industrial production. They then estimate the marginal productivity of water based on the estimated production function.Using the marginal productivity approach to valuing water for industrial use, they also derive a model and estimates for the price elasticity of water use by Chinese industries. Previous studies used water demand functions and total cost functions to estimate firms' willingness to pay for water use.They find that the marginal productivity of water varies among sectors in China, with an industry average of 2.5 yuan per cubic meter of water.The average price elasticity of industrial water demand is about -1.0, suggesting a great potential for the Chinese government to use pricing policies to encourage water conservation in the industrial sector. Increasing water prices would reduce water use substantially.This paper - a product of Infrastructure and Environment, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to understand the economics of industrial pollution control in developing countries.
Author: Jun Ma Publisher: Eastbridge Books ISBN: 9781910736685 Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
China's Water Crisis describes in detail the history of floods, water scarcity, and pollution problems in all seven of China's major drainage basins and proposes solutions for future sustainable management. The book has been described as the first major contribution to China's nascent environmental movement.
Author: Robert A. Young Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1135040524 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 359
Book Description
Water provides benefits as a commodity for agriculture, industry, and households, and as a public good such as fisheries habitat, water quality and recreational use. To aid in cost-benefit analysis under conditions where market determined price signals are usually unavailable, economists have developed a range of alternative valuation methods for measuring economic benefits. This volume provides the most comprehensive exposition to-date of the application of economic valuation methods to proposed water resources investments and policies. It provides a conceptual framework for valuation of both commodity and public good uses of water, addressing non-market valuation techniques appropriate to measuring public benefits - including water quality improvement, recreation, and fish habitat enhancement. The book describes the various measurement methods, illustrates how they are applied in practice, and discusses their strengths, limitations, and appropriate roles. In this second edition, all chapters have been thoroughly updated, and in particular the coverage of water markets and valuation of ecosystem services from water has been expanded. Robert Young, author of the 2005 edition, has been joined for this new edition by John Loomis, who brings additional expertise on ecosystem services and the environmental economics of water for recreational and other public good uses of water.
Author: Francesc Hernandez-Sancho Publisher: IWA Publishing ISBN: 1780404670 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 188
Book Description
Water Consumption, Tariffs and Regulation aims to provide a statistical overview about water abstraction, consumption, tariffs and data on sewage and wastewater treatment at an international level. It is mainly based on the statistical information provided by IWA Specialist Group on Statistics and Economics. The book is structured in three main parts. Part I presents tables and figures relative to water consumption and sanitation status and focuses on water abstraction, water delivered, water consumption and the evolution of sewer connection and wastewater treatment. Part II focuses on the analysis of water tariffs by investigating the structure of water tariffs by analysing the importance of the variable and fixed charge. It presents drinking water tariffs and illustrates the relationship between tariffs and GDP and also the size of the cities. Finally, charges in wastewater are dealt with country by country. Part III analyses the main aspects relative to water regulation and describes the importance of private operators in the management of the water cycle. Information relative to the principles used to fix drinking water prices is presented with an assessment of access to public water services.
Author: Connor, Richard Publisher: UNESCO Publishing ISBN: 9231000713 Category : Energy development Languages : en Pages : 139
Book Description
The United Nations World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP) is hosted and led by UNESCO. WWAP brings together the work of 31 UN-Water Members as well as 37 Partners to publish the United Nations World Water Development Report (WWDR) series. Under the theme Water for Sustainable Development, the WWDR 2015 has been prepared as a contribution from UN-Water to the discussions surrounding the post-2015 framework for global sustainable development. Highlighting water's unique and often complex role in achieving various sustainable development objectives, the WWDR 2015 is addressed to policy- and decision-makers inside and outside the water community, as well as to anyone with an interest in freshwater and its many life-giving benefits. The report sets an aspirational yet achievable vision for the future of water towards 2050 by describing how water supports healthy and prosperous human communities, maintains well functioning ecosystems and ecological services, and provides a cornerstone for short and long-term economic development. It provides an overview of the challenges, issues and trends in terms of water resources, their use and water-related services like water supply and sanitation. The report also offers, in a rigorous yet accessible manner, guidance about how to address these challenges and to seize the opportunities that sound water management provides in order to achieve and maintain economic, social and environmental sustainability.
Author: Yacov Tsur Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 113652374X Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 387
Book Description
As globalization links economies, the value of a country's irrigation water becomes increasingly sensitive to competitive forces in world markets. Water policy at the national and regional levels will need to accommodate these forces or water is likely to become undervalued. The inefficient use of this resource will lessen a country's comparative advantage in world markets and slow its transition to higher incomes, particularly in rural households. While professionals widely agree on what constitutes sound water resource management, they have not yet reached a consensus on the best ways of implementing policies. Policymakers have considered pricing water - a debated intervention - in many variations. Setting the price 'right,' some say, may guide different types of users in efficient water use by sending a signal about the value of this resource. Aside from efficiency, itself an important policy objective, equity, accessibility, and implementation costs associated with the right pricing must be considered. Focusing on the examples of China, Mexico, Morocco, South Africa, and Turkey, Pricing Irrigation Water provides a clear methodology for studying farm-level demand for irrigation water. This book is the first to link the macroeconomics of policies affecting trade to the microeconomics of water demand for irrigation and, in the case of Morocco, to link these forces to the creation of a water user-rights market. This type of market reform, the contributors argue, will result in growing economic benefits to both rural and urban households.
Author: Hua Wang
Author: Hua Wang
Author: Arjen Y. Hoekstra
Author: Somik V. Lall
Author: Selina Ho
Author: Vladimir Smakhtin
Author: Jun Ma
Author: Robert A. Young
Author: Francesc Hernandez-Sancho
Author: Connor, Richard
Author: Yacov Tsur