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Author: David Weil Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Workplace injuries and fatalities in the U.S. create significant economic costs to society. There are two major approaches to valuing these costs: a direct-cost approach and a market-based cost approach. This paper compares the two methods of economic valuation, focusing in particular on how differences between them affect the estimated magnitude of economic consequences. In so doing, it surveys the literature that has arisen in the past 25 years to measure different aspects of economic consequences. Market-based estimates of the costs of injuries are generally larger than those based on direct cost approaches, particularly in how they account for occupational fatalities and losses arising from work disabilities. Direct cost approaches to economic valuation, common in the public health literature, do not fully capture the resource allocation costs of workplace injuries and fatalities. Economic research methods do not fully incorporate the factors connecting injury/illness events to disabilities. Researchers in both fields could therefore benefit from better integration of their research efforts.
Author: David Weil Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Workplace injuries and fatalities in the U.S. create significant economic costs to society. There are two major approaches to valuing these costs: a direct-cost approach and a market-based cost approach. This paper compares the two methods of economic valuation, focusing in particular on how differences between them affect the estimated magnitude of economic consequences. In so doing, it surveys the literature that has arisen in the past 25 years to measure different aspects of economic consequences. Market-based estimates of the costs of injuries are generally larger than those based on direct cost approaches, particularly in how they account for occupational fatalities and losses arising from work disabilities. Direct cost approaches to economic valuation, common in the public health literature, do not fully capture the resource allocation costs of workplace injuries and fatalities. Economic research methods do not fully incorporate the factors connecting injury/illness events to disabilities. Researchers in both fields could therefore benefit from better integration of their research efforts.
Author: J. Paul Leigh Publisher: University of Michigan Press ISBN: 9780472110810 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 332
Book Description
As the debate over health care reform continues, costs have become a critical measure in the many plans and proposals to come before us. Knowing costs is important because it allows comparisons across such disparate health conditions as AIDS, Alzheimer's disease, heart disease, and cancer. This book presents the results of a major study estimating the large and largely overlooked costs of occupational injury and illness--costs as large as those for cancer and over four times the costs of AIDS. The incidence and mortality of occupational injury and illness were assessed by reviewing data from national surveys and applied an attributable-risk-proportion method. Costs were assessed using the human capital method that decomposes costs into direct categories such as medical costs and insurance administration expenses, as well as indirect categories such as lost earnings and lost fringe benefits. The total is estimated to be $155 billion and is likely to be low as it does not include costs associated with pain and suffering or of home care provided by family members. Invaluable as an aid in the analysis of policy issues, Costs of Occupational Injuryand Illness will serve as a resource and reference for economists, policy analysts, public health researchers, insurance administrators, labor unions and labor lawyers, benefits managers, and environmental scientists, among others. J. Paul Leigh is Professor in the School of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of California, Davis. Stephen Markowitz, M.D., is Professor in the Department of Community Health and Social Medicine, City University of New York Medical School. Marianne Fahs is Director of the Health Policy Research Center, Milano Graduate School of Management and Urban Policy, New School University. Philip Landrigan, M.D., is Wise Professor and Chair of the Department of Community Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York.
Author: Elyce Anne Biddle Publisher: ISBN: Category : Industrial accidents Languages : en Pages : 2
Book Description
"The Challenge: Each year nearly 4.5 million injuries occur that are associated with workplace events. Individuals affected often become unable to work, their ability to work is limited by physical impairment, or more tragically they die. On a typical day, 9,000 U.S. workers sustain disabling injuries and 15 workers die from an injury. Understanding the total human and economic impacts of occupational injuries is crucial to setting priorities and shaping other components of the occupational safety and health research agenda. Studying the economic consequences of occupational injury can improve program planning, intervention evaluation, and policy analysis. Approach: This project includes a variety of economic research efforts, including enhancing existing research projects to add economic components and developing new projects related to developing or improving new economic analytic tools. The research addresses the economic consequences borne by society, the employer, and the worker and their family. Methods vary depending on the particular work involved, and may include economic modeling, econometric evaluations and projections, and financial modeling. Results: Intermediate results are varied, as the project contains a number of different individual efforts. For example, this project has provided projections of the numbers and types of occupational injuries attributable to changing workforce patterns. During the course of this project, a computerized cost calculator was developed, which determines the impact on the U.S. Gross Domestic Product for occupational fatal injuries. The calculator can be applied using NTOF or CFOI fatality data and is currently being revised to include MSHA fatal and non-fatal incidents. Impact: The model and cost estimates have been requested by occupational safety and health organizations and researchers, cited in other research findings and publications, and used as a decision criterion in allocating government resources. Examples include: invited presentations at national and international meetings such as the 2004 Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration Annual Meeting and Exhibit (premier conference for the 13,000 members), the International Association of Industrial Accident Boards and Commissions annual meeting, and the 4th Annual International Measuring the Burden of Injury Conference; invited presentation at academic institutions, such as University of Utah, University of Pittsburgh, and West Virginia University; incorporation of the cost model into new cost estimates being developed by J. Paul Leigh, a preeminent economist; news coverage by the BNA Occupational Safety and Health Reporter; and as the cost model being provided to the Bolivian government for targeting occupational injury and illness prevention resources." - NIOSHTIC-2
Author: Karen Taswell Publisher: International Labor Office ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 200
Book Description
Provides guidance for national labour statisticians engaged in or proposing to start the compilation of statistics on occupational injuries through household surveys or establishment surveys.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: 9789294791399 Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The need to improve working life in the European Union (EU) is still urgent today. In 2016, approximately 2.4 million non-fatal accidents requiring at least 4 days of absence from work and 3,182 fatal accidents were reported in EU Member States. In addition to these accident rates, figures from 2013 show that 7.9 % of the workforce suffered from occupational health problems, of which 36% resulted in absence from work for at least 4 days (Eurostat, 2018a, 2018c). These occupational injuries, diseases and deaths result in high economic costs to individuals, employers, governments and society. Negative effects may include costly early retirement, the loss of skilled staff, absenteeism as well as presenteeism (when employees go to work despite illness, increasing the likelihood of mistakes) and high medical costs and insurance premiums. In a previous project, the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (EU-OSHA) estimated that 3.9 % of global gross domestic product (GDP) and 3.3 % of European GDP is spent on dealing with occupational injuries and diseases (EU-OSHA, 2017a). This percentage may vary widely between countries, in particular between western and non-western countries, depending on the industrial mix, legislative context and prevention incentives. Understanding the magnitude of the problem calls for a reliable and comprehensive estimate of occupational injury and disease costs to society. It is vital for policy-makers to be aware of these costs to help them to set priorities. Insight into the financial consequences of occupational injury and disease provides governments, policy-makers and employers’ organisations with relevant data for the purpose of developing occupational safety and health (OSH) policies and agreements. Moreover, insight into these costs will help to raise awareness of the magnitude of the problem and will contribute to a more efficient allocation of resources for OSH.
Author: Bob Barnetson Publisher: Athabasca University Press ISBN: 1926836006 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 285
Book Description
Workplace injuries are common, avoidable, and unacceptable. The Political Economy of Workplace Injury in Canada reveals how employers and governments engage in ineffective injury prevention efforts, intervening only when necessary to maintain standard legitimacy. Barnetson sheds light on this faulty system, highlighting the way in which employers create dangerous work environments yet pour billions of dollars into compensation and treatment. Examining this dynamic clarifies the way in which production costs are passed on to workers in the form of workplace injuries.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: 9789294791382 Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The need to improve working life in the European Union (EU) is still urgent today. In 2016, approximately 2.4 million non-fatal accidents requiring at least 4 days of absence from work and 3,182 fatal accidents were reported in EU Member States. In addition to these accident rates, figures from 2013 show that 7.9 % of the workforce suffered from occupational health problems, of which 36% resulted in absence from work for at least 4 days (Eurostat, 2018a, 2018c). These occupational injuries, diseases and deaths result in high economic costs to individuals, employers, governments and society. Negative effects may include costly early retirement, the loss of skilled staff, absenteeism as well as presenteeism (when employees go to work despite illness, increasing the likelihood of mistakes) and high medical costs and insurance premiums. In a previous project, the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (EU-OSHA) estimated that 3.9 % of global gross domestic product (GDP) and 3.3 % of European GDP is spent on dealing with occupational injuries and diseases (EU-OSHA, 2017a). This percentage may vary widely between countries, in particular between western and non-western countries, depending on the industrial mix, legislative context and prevention incentives. Understanding the magnitude of the problem calls for a reliable and comprehensive estimate of occupational injury and disease costs to society. It is vital for policy-makers to be aware of these costs to help them to set priorities. Insight into the financial consequences of occupational injury and disease provides governments, policy-makers and employers’ organisations with relevant data for the purpose of developing occupational safety and health (OSH) policies and agreements. Moreover, insight into these costs will help to raise awareness of the magnitude of the problem and will contribute to a more efficient allocation of resources for OSH.
Author: Robert L. Bennefield Publisher: ISBN: Category : Employment (Economic theory) Languages : en Pages : 108
Book Description
Presents social and economic data by sex for persons with a work disability. Tables feature persons--generally civilians--aged 16 to 64 and show disability status by family income and earnings as well as labor force status, occupation, and work.
Author: David Weil
Author: David Weil
Author: J. Paul Leigh
Author: Elyce Anne Biddle
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Author: Karen Taswell
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Author: Bob Barnetson
Author: Lynne Pezzullo
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Author: Robert L. Bennefield