Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Collectors and collecting
Languages : en
Pages : 1198
Book Description
Antiques
Author: The Athenaeum
Author: The English Cyclopaedia
Author: Charles KnightThe English Cyclopædia
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Encyclopedias and dictionaries
Languages : en
Pages : 520
Book Description
The Saturday Review of Politics, Literature, Science, Art, and Finance
Author: The Connoisseur
Author: The English Cyclopaedia: Cyclopaedia of arts and sciences
Author: Charles KnightPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Biography
Languages : en
Pages : 1036
Book Description
Making Money
Author: Christine DesanPublisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191025399
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 534
Book Description
Money travels the modern world in disguise. It looks like a convention of human exchange - a commodity like gold or a medium like language. But its history reveals that money is a very different matter. It is an institution engineered by political communities to mark and mobilize resources. As societies change the way they create money, they change the market itself - along with the rules that structure it, the politics and ideas that shape it, and the benefits that flow from it. One particularly dramatic transformation in money's design brought capitalism to England. For centuries, the English government monopolized money's creation. The Crown sold people coin for a fee in exchange for silver and gold. 'Commodity money' was a fragile and difficult medium; the first half of the book considers the kinds of exchange and credit it invited, as well as the politics it engendered. Capitalism arrived when the English reinvented money at the end of the 17th century. When it established the Bank of England, the government shared its monopoly over money creation for the first time with private investors, institutionalizing their self-interest as the pump that would produce the money supply. The second half of the book considers the monetary revolution that brought unprecedented possibilities and problems. The invention of circulating public debt, the breakdown of commodity money, the rise of commercial bank currency, and the coalescence of ideological commitments that came to be identified with the Gold Standard - all contributed to the abundant and unstable medium that is modern money. All flowed as well from a collision between the individual incentives and public claims at the heart of the system. The drama had constitutional dimension: money, as its history reveals, is a mode of governance in a material world. That character undermines claims in economics about money's neutrality. The monetary design innovated in England would later spread, producing the global architecture of modern money.
The Coin Collector's Manual, Or Guide to the Numismatic Student in the Formation of a Cabinet of Coins
Author: Henry Noel HumphreysPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 400
Book Description
Author: