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Author: Marilyn Fay Johnson-Kozlow Publisher: ISBN: Category : Breast Languages : en Pages : 448
Book Description
This study investigated criterion-related validity and measurement bias of three self-report measures of physical activity among women diagnosed with breast cancer. The 7-Day Physical Activity Recall (PAR), the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and the physical activity items developed by the Women's Health Initiative (WHI-Q) were compared. The study was conducted at the University of California, San Diego study site among Women's Healthy Eating and Living Study participants. Women (N = 159, average age 57 years) wore an accelerometer for one week and then completed the WHI-Q and were administered by telephone either the IPAQ or PAR. Time spent in moderate, vigorous and total physical activity was obtained from accelerometer and self-report measures. Criterion-related validity was evaluated as the Spearman rank-order correlation between accelerometer and self-report score. The proportion meeting the American College of Sports Medicine physical activity guideline (Pate et al., 1995) by self-report measure was compared to accelerometer and screening statistics computed. Measurement bias was defined as self-report minus accelerometer score; this bias could be either an over-estimate or an under-estimate of physical activity. The correlation coefficients for the PAR and WHI-Q moderate and total physical activity scores were highest (.65 to .73) compared to the IPAQ (.26 and .33). Vigorous score correlations did not differ by self-report measure (.47 to .59). The PAR had the highest sensitivity (100%) and specificity (84%) compared to the other measures. Moderate physical activity was over-estimated on the IPAQ by 239% (225 min/week) compared to 11% on the PAR. Over-reporting of vigorous physical activity on the WHI-Q was associated with increasing body mass index. Increasing under-reporting of moderate and total physical activity was associated with decreasing age on all measures but with body mass index on the WHI-Q only. Social desirability was not significantly associated with measurement bias. The study found clear differences between the self-report measures: the WHI-Q was comparable in validity to the PAR while the IPAQ had lower validity and also significant over-estimates of moderate physical activity. Using the accelerometer as the criterion against which self-report scores were compared was discussed as a limitation of this investigation.
Author: Marilyn Fay Johnson-Kozlow Publisher: ISBN: Category : Breast Languages : en Pages : 448
Book Description
This study investigated criterion-related validity and measurement bias of three self-report measures of physical activity among women diagnosed with breast cancer. The 7-Day Physical Activity Recall (PAR), the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and the physical activity items developed by the Women's Health Initiative (WHI-Q) were compared. The study was conducted at the University of California, San Diego study site among Women's Healthy Eating and Living Study participants. Women (N = 159, average age 57 years) wore an accelerometer for one week and then completed the WHI-Q and were administered by telephone either the IPAQ or PAR. Time spent in moderate, vigorous and total physical activity was obtained from accelerometer and self-report measures. Criterion-related validity was evaluated as the Spearman rank-order correlation between accelerometer and self-report score. The proportion meeting the American College of Sports Medicine physical activity guideline (Pate et al., 1995) by self-report measure was compared to accelerometer and screening statistics computed. Measurement bias was defined as self-report minus accelerometer score; this bias could be either an over-estimate or an under-estimate of physical activity. The correlation coefficients for the PAR and WHI-Q moderate and total physical activity scores were highest (.65 to .73) compared to the IPAQ (.26 and .33). Vigorous score correlations did not differ by self-report measure (.47 to .59). The PAR had the highest sensitivity (100%) and specificity (84%) compared to the other measures. Moderate physical activity was over-estimated on the IPAQ by 239% (225 min/week) compared to 11% on the PAR. Over-reporting of vigorous physical activity on the WHI-Q was associated with increasing body mass index. Increasing under-reporting of moderate and total physical activity was associated with decreasing age on all measures but with body mass index on the WHI-Q only. Social desirability was not significantly associated with measurement bias. The study found clear differences between the self-report measures: the WHI-Q was comparable in validity to the PAR while the IPAQ had lower validity and also significant over-estimates of moderate physical activity. Using the accelerometer as the criterion against which self-report scores were compared was discussed as a limitation of this investigation.
Author: Monica Castiglione Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 0387751157 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 483
Book Description
Adjuvant treatment is administered prior to or as follow up to surgical procedures for breast cancer. Proven success in using medical therapies allowing for breast conserving procedures or reducing risk of occurrence. Although there has been much progress towards a cure, including the introduction of new targeted therapies, metastasizing cancer remains highly incurable.
Author: Sandahl Hygeia Nelson Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 113
Book Description
Background: Physical activity after a diagnosis of breast cancer is associated multiple positive effects. However, the literature indicates that patients' activity decreases during chemotherapy. Little is known about when during chemotherapy activity changes, as existing research has relied on self-reported data. Monitoring devices like accelerometers offer more objective measures, nevertheless, these devices may introduce other sources of measurement error. Methods: Chapters 1 and 2 leverage data from Reach for Health (RFH), a trial that encouraged increased physical activity among breast cancer survivors. At baseline and study completion, participants wore accelerometers and answered the GPAQ. Chapter 1 uses the GPAQ estimates along with accelerometer measures, processed using standard cut-points and a machine learning algorithm, to assess agreement of activity estimates. Comparisons are assessed using mixed effects regression models. Chapter 2 uses a pseudo-simulation to generate missing wear patterns. The simulated and true data is used to compare 6 possible techniques to account for missing accelerometer wear. Chapter 3 analyzed the Activity in Treatment (ACT) study which enrolled 32 women prior to starting chemotherapy for breast cancer, all women were given a Fitbit activity monitor to wear throughout chemotherapy. Restricted cubic splines assessed non-linear patterns of activity. Results: At baseline, self-report and machine learning provided similar activity estimates; while estimates of activity change were only similar between cut-point and machine learning, the magnitude of agreement with self-report was differential by group. Random slope imputation and an accelerometer specific multiple imputation performed best in correcting for missing wear time. MVPA declined linearly at an average of 1.4 min/day (p=0.002) for every 10% of the duration of chemotherapy that passed, while TPA declined linearly at an average of 13.4 min/day (p=0.0007) for every 10% of chemotherapy that passed. This decline occurred until approximately half way through chemotherapy. Additionally, a HER2+ receptor status was associated with a greater rate of decline in MVPA. Discussion: Our findings highlight the importance of targeting physical activity interventions during active treatment for breast cancer and increases our ability to standardize research practices regarding the processing and analysis of physical activity data.
Author: Tracy L. Oliver Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 198
Book Description
Physical activity improves health while combating the obesity epidemic. However, quantifying physical activity through self-report questionnaires or objective measures can provide varying results. The purposes of these studies were to determine if time, body mass index, or treatment assignment could affect the validity of physical activity measurements. The data were part of a larger physical activity promotion study conducted at the Miriam Hospital/Brown Medical School in Providence, Rhode Island and in communities in Southeastern Massachusetts from 2002 to 2005. In this trial, 280 women, with a mean age of 47.1 years, were randomly assigned to one of three intervention groups: Choose to Move (n=93), Jumpstart (n=95) and Wellness (n=92). A randomly selected sub sample of participants simultaneously wore an ActiGraph accelerometer and completed a 3-Day Physical Activity Recall questionnaire at baseline, 3 months and 12 months. Body mass index and treatment assignment were also used in-group comparisons. The results indicated that all components of time, BMI and treatment assignment influenced the accuracy of self-reported measurements when compared to objective accelerometer data. Additional research is essential to uncover the independent aspects considered influential to these physical activity measurements to enhance study design and participant outcomes in future trials.
Author: Michael H. Antoni Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0190450029 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 144
Book Description
Living with HIV can be stressful, which can affect both your emotional and physical well-being. You may feel a loss of control over your life, socially isolated, or anxious and depressed. Studies have shown that prolonged stress can negatively impact the immune system, making it less effective in fighting illness. If you are concerned about the impact stress has on your life and on your health, this book can help you learn to relax and manage stress more effectively. This book presents a group treatment program that has been scientifically proven to reduce stress in individuals living with HIV. Written by the developers of this groundbreaking program, this workbook is based on the principles of Cognitive-Behavioral Stress Management (CBSM). You will learn a variety of relaxation techniques, all designed to help you reduce tension and stress. As you become more aware of stress and its effects, stress management skills will increase your ability to cope. This workbook comes complete with user-friendly monitoring forms and homework exercises designed to help reinforce the skills learned in group. It also includes instructions for relaxation practice that will remain useful long after you've completed the program. Used in conjunction with the group program described in the corresponding facilitator guide, this workbook will help you successfully manage stress and lead a more healthy life. TreatmentsThatWorkTM represents the gold standard of behavioral healthcare interventions! · All programs have been rigorously tested in clinical trials and are backed by years of research · A prestigious scientific advisory board, led by series Editor-In-Chief David H. Barlow, reviews and evaluates each intervention to ensure that it meets the highest standard of evidence so you can be confident that you are using the most effective treatment available to date · Our books are reliable and effective and make it easy for you to provide your clients with the best care available · Our corresponding workbooks contain psychoeducational information, forms and worksheets, and homework assignments to keep clients engaged and motivated · A companion website (www.oup.com/us/ttw) offers downloadable clinical tools and helpful resources · Continuing Education (CE) Credits are now available on select titles in collaboration with PsychoEducational Resources, Inc. (PER)
Author: Ron D. Hays Publisher: RAND Corporation ISBN: 9780833015907 Category : Health status indicators Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This manual describes self-administered patient questionnaires that were developed for patients participating in the Medical Outcomes Study.
Author: Rod K. Dishman Publisher: Human Kinetics ISBN: 1492581305 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 1407
Book Description
Physical Activity Epidemiology, Second Edition, provides a comprehensive discussion of current population-level studies showing the influence of physical activity on disease. Updated with extensive new research collected in the eight years since the previous edition, the second edition adds the expertise of respected epidemiologist I-Min Lee. To assist readers in understanding the public health significance of physical activity, Dishman, Heath, and Lee present a detailed review of research findings and what those findings suggest regarding the relationship between physical activity and a variety of health risks. The second edition of this groundbreaking text has been exhaustively updated to reflect the wealth of new research published in this fast-moving field of study. With more than 100 pages of additional content, the text also offers more detailed coverage of all-cause and coronary heart disease mortality, expanded coverage of pathophysiology and biological plausibility, new information on physical activity among various racial–ethnic populations, and the effects of physical activity on cognitive function, dementia, and HIV/AIDS. More than 250 tables and figures, twice the number found in the previous edition, highlight the latest epidemiological information in an easy-to-understand visual format. Physical Activity Epidemiology, Second Edition, assists readers in understanding how leisure-time physical activity can enhance people’s quantity and quality of life by summarizing the available knowledge, detailing the methods used to obtain it, considering its implications for public health, and outlining the important questions that remain. Readers will find comprehensive discussion of these topics: • Evidence that physical activity protects against the development of coronary heart disease and stroke and premature death from all causes • Population-based studies and clinical experiments providing evidence that physical activity and exercise play a role in the primary and secondary prevention of mild hypertension, dyslipidemia, and obesity • Contemporary epidemiologic evidence that physical activity reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes and osteoporosis and protects against the development of breast and colon cancers, some inflammatory diseases, depression, and anxiety disorders • Considerations in the promotion of a safe, physically active lifestyle among all segments of the population Physical Activity Epidemiology, Second Edition, will engage and challenge students by examining the state of current research in all of its variation and even ambiguity. The text details the methodology and findings of classic and contemporary studies and then helps students begin to analyze the results. Special Strength of the Evidence sections found at the end of most chapters summarize the findings to determine the extent to which correlation and causation can be proven. Chapter objectives, chapter summaries, and sidebars in each chapter assist students in focusing on the key points of study, and an extensive glossary with detailed definitions provides a handy reference for review. Instructors will find a new image bank in this edition to enhance their class lecture materials. Physical Activity Epidemiology, Second Edition, offers students, sport and exercise scientists, health and fitness professionals, and public health administrators a comprehensive presentation of significant studies, how these studies contribute to understanding the relationship between activity and disease prevention, and how this information can be used in leading individuals, communities, and global society toward increased health and longevity.
Author: Marilyn Fay Johnson-Kozlow
Author: Marilyn Fay Johnson-Kozlow
Author: Monica Castiglione
Author: Sandahl Hygeia Nelson
Author: Tracy L. Oliver
Author: 
Author: Michael H. Antoni
Author: Ron D. Hays
Author: 
Author: Barbara Isrow-Cohen
Author: Rod K. Dishman