Author: Shaquib Al HasanPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Using the Theory of Planned Behavior to Understand Factors Influencing Intention of South Asian Consumers to Seek Pharmacist Provided Medication Therapy Management Services
Author: Shaquib Al HasanPharmacist Services
Author: Jon SchommerPublisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3039217542
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 436
Book Description
The overall goal of this book is to give the reader a state-of-the-art synopsis of the pharmacist services domain. To accomplish this goal, the authors have addressed the social, psychosocial, political, legal, historic, clinical, and economic factors that are associated with pharmacist services. In this book, you will gain cutting-edge insights from learning about the research of experts throughout the world. The findings have relevance for enhancing pharmacist professionalism, pharmacist practice, and the progression of pharmacist services in the future.
Perceptions of Medical Students on Pharmacists Provided Counseling Services and Collaboration with Pharmacists Using the Theory of Planned Behavior
Author: Surbhi ShahPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 110
Book Description
In the past, pharmacists' roles were centered around dispensing and compounding medications. With the changing roles and responsibilities of pharmacists in managing patients' medication therapy, an emphasis is being made on providing team based care to patients. Recent changes in legislation, improvements in regulatory standards, and developmental changes in reimbursement strategies have driven this change in the healthcare environment. Several interprofessional models of care have been implemented in various settings to effectively allocate resources and improve the access and continuity of care. The counseling services provided by pharmacists provide opportunities for patients, physicians, and pharmacists to work closely with each other. Physicians benefit from these services through improving patient safety and utilizing their time and expertise to see more patients. Pharmacists benefit by building relationships with physicians with the goal of making medication related recommendations to improve patients' drug therapy. Therefore, for the collaboration between pharmacists and physicians to be successful, interaction between them is important and begins at the educational level. With the focus being made on patient centered care, incorporating some educational sessions on the services that other healthcare providers provide or workshops on collaboration could be an important part in the curriculum of both medical and pharmacy schools. It could allow them to better understand each other's role and responsibilities, skills, and expertise. It could also improve their communication skills, trust, and confidence with each other. Therefore, the aim of our study was to understand the perceptions of medical students on pharmacist-provided counseling services and towards collaboration. A modified Theory of Planned Behavior was used to assess awareness, attitude, perceived behavioral control, subjective norm, and intention of the first and second year medical students at the University of Toledo. The study consisted of developing a valid and reliable survey, which was sent to a total of 370 first and second year medical students from the University of Toledo, College of Medicine. A total of 87 surveys were included in the analysis. It was found that our theory was beneficial in supporting the framework and all the constructs of the theory together predicted intention of medical students to collaborate with pharmacists. By evaluating their thoughts through various open-ended questions, we found that medical students were interested in learning about the counseling services and collaboration in their curriculum. Hence, our research demonstrates the need for some changes in their curriculum by incorporating some lectures and workshops to learn about the roles and responsibilities of pharmacists and to experience interprofessionalism in their courses and clinical experiences.
Factors that Influence the Intent of Pharmacists in the Provision of Medication Therapy Management Services
Author: Angela M. SimonPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 77
Book Description
Background: Medication therapy management (MTM) is a set of services that have proven to optimize therapeutic outcomes and be extremely beneficial to patients. However, evidence suggests that pharmacists are not providing MTM services at the rate that they could be. While studies have elucidated on the facilitators and barriers for pharmacists when providing MTM, few have offered a comprehensive explanation that encompasses both physical and psychosocial factors. The Theory of Reasoned Action can be used to assess the attitudes, self-efficacy, and intent of pharmacists in the provision of MTM services (MTMS). Methods: This is a cross-sectional, survey-based study. The survey contains five sections and 48 items that measure constructs relating to a modified Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA). The survey was administered via the web-based platform Qualtrics. From a list obtained from the Ohio State Board of Pharmacy, 12,140 registered pharmacists were emailed the electronic survey. Descriptive statistics will be used and composite scores will be calculated for the constructs in the TRA. Pearson's correlations and binary logistic regression analyses will be done to address the third objective. Lastly, a qualitative analysis was conducted for three open-ended survey questions. Results: A total of 487 responses were retained for analysis. The majority of participants had positive attitudes (71.4%), subjective norm (60.3%), and self-efficacy (75.2%) toward the provision of MTMS. Of MTMS providers, most intended to continue providing MTMS (91.3%). A lesser percentage (40.6%), intended to provide additional MTMS to their current selection of services. Of non-MTMS, only 30.0% intended to begin providing such services. All TRA constructs were found to relate to each other among MTMS providers and a supporting supervisor (p=0.010), easy billing (p=0.032), and high confidence (p=0.21) were predictive of intention. Qualitative analyses identified that many participants consider time, access to a billing platform, training materials, and managerial support as the main facilitators for the provision of MTMS. Lack of time, inadequate staff, and lack of managerial support were identified as the main barriers. Conclusion: Managerial support and self-efficacy is vital to the successful incorporation of MTMS in pharmacy practice. To cement the value of pharmacist-provided MTM to administration, its financial value must be proven. Providers' status is key to address this. Additionally, pharmacists must be well-equipped and trained to effectively provide MTMS when providers' status is granted to be able to quickly transition into a more clinical role. Access to MTM-specific training materials in the pharmacy can help better equip pharmacists to provide these services.
Social and Administrative Aspects of Pharmacy in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Author: Mohamed Izham Mohamed IbrahimPublisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128112298
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 486
Book Description
Social and Administrative Aspects of Pharmacy in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Present Challenges and Future Solutions examines the particularities of low- and middle-income countries and offers solutions based on their needs, culture and available resources. Drawing from the firsthand experience of researchers and practitioners working in these countries, this book addresses the socio-behavioral aspects of pharmacy and health, pharmacoeconomics, pharmaceutical policy, supply management and marketing, pharmacoepidemiology and public health pharmacy specific to low- and middle-income countries. While some practices may be applied appropriately in disparate places, too often pharmacy practice in low- and middle-income countries is directly copied from successes in developed countries, despite the unique needs and challenges low- and middle-income countries face. Examines key issues and challenges of pharmacy practice and the pharmaceutical sector specific to low- and middle-income countries Compares pharmacy practice in developed and developing countries to highlight the unique challenges and opportunities of each Provides a blueprint for the future of pharmacy in low- and middle-income countries, including patient-centered care, evidence-based care and promoting the role of the pharmacist for primary health care in these settings
Pain Management and the Opioid Epidemic
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and MedicinePublisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309459575
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 483
Book Description
Drug overdose, driven largely by overdose related to the use of opioids, is now the leading cause of unintentional injury death in the United States. The ongoing opioid crisis lies at the intersection of two public health challenges: reducing the burden of suffering from pain and containing the rising toll of the harms that can arise from the use of opioid medications. Chronic pain and opioid use disorder both represent complex human conditions affecting millions of Americans and causing untold disability and loss of function. In the context of the growing opioid problem, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) launched an Opioids Action Plan in early 2016. As part of this plan, the FDA asked the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to convene a committee to update the state of the science on pain research, care, and education and to identify actions the FDA and others can take to respond to the opioid epidemic, with a particular focus on informing FDA's development of a formal method for incorporating individual and societal considerations into its risk-benefit framework for opioid approval and monitoring.
Health-Care Utilization as a Proxy in Disability Determination
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and MedicinePublisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 030946921X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 161
Book Description
The Social Security Administration (SSA) administers two programs that provide benefits based on disability: the Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) program and the Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program. This report analyzes health care utilizations as they relate to impairment severity and SSA's definition of disability. Health Care Utilization as a Proxy in Disability Determination identifies types of utilizations that might be good proxies for "listing-level" severity; that is, what represents an impairment, or combination of impairments, that are severe enough to prevent a person from doing any gainful activity, regardless of age, education, or work experience.
Using the Theory of Planned Behavior to Examine Texas Community Pharmacists' Intentions to Utilize a Prescription Drug Monitoring Program
Author: Marc L. FlemingPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 546
Book Description
The purpose of this study was to determine the predictive utility of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in predicting and explaining pharmacists' intention to utilize a prescription drug monitoring program (PDMP) database, when the validity of the prescription/patient need is in question. The study tested the significance of each TPB model construct variable (attitude [A], subjective norm [SN], and perceived behavioral control [PBC]) in predicting pharmacists' high intention, compared to non-high intention (dichotomous variable). In addition, the study examined the additional contribution of pharmacists' perception of prescription (PPDA) drug abuse and perceived obligation (PO) to the TPB model. Demographic and practice characteristics were also explored in relation to the TPB model predictors, A, SN and PBC. A mail questionnaire was sent to a random sample of 998 Texas community pharmacists with active licenses. Three focus groups were conducted to collect information regarding pharmacists' beliefs toward PDMP database utilization. The usable survey response rate was 26.2%. Due to data that were not normally distributed, intention was dichotomized into high intention and non-high intention. The TPB constructs were significant predictors of pharmacists' high intention. Pharmacists with positive attitudes were almost twice as likely to have high intention (odds ratio [OR] = 1.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.2 - 2.8). However, SN was the strongest predictor of pharmacists' high intention (OR = 2.2, 95% CI = 1.4 - 3.3). Pharmacists who reported substantial PBC were also twice as likely to have high intention (OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.2 - 3.0). PPDA was not significantly related to pharmacists' high intention. However, pharmacists' PO was shown to predict high intention above that explained by the TPB model (OR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.0 - 3.1). The results of this study support the utility of the TPB model with PO in predicting pharmacists' high intention to utilize a PDMP database. Interventions that address pharmacists' A, SN, PBC, and PO may be necessary to increase pharmacists' high intention to utilize a PDMP database when it becomes available. Future studies using intention as a predictor of pharmacists' behavior are needed to assess the influence of intention on PDMP utilization.
Social Psychology and Health
Author: Derek R. RutterPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 248
Book Description
This work, based upon a conference of the European Association of Experimental Social Psychology, examines the prevailing methods being used in social psychological research on health and safety. It compares the Health Belief Model with the Theory of Planned Behaviour.
Countering the Problem of Falsified and Substandard Drugs
Author: Institute of MedicinePublisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309269393
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 377
Book Description
The adulteration and fraudulent manufacture of medicines is an old problem, vastly aggravated by modern manufacturing and trade. In the last decade, impotent antimicrobial drugs have compromised the treatment of many deadly diseases in poor countries. More recently, negligent production at a Massachusetts compounding pharmacy sickened hundreds of Americans. While the national drugs regulatory authority (hereafter, the regulatory authority) is responsible for the safety of a country's drug supply, no single country can entirely guarantee this today. The once common use of the term counterfeit to describe any drug that is not what it claims to be is at the heart of the argument. In a narrow, legal sense a counterfeit drug is one that infringes on a registered trademark. The lay meaning is much broader, including any drug made with intentional deceit. Some generic drug companies and civil society groups object to calling bad medicines counterfeit, seeing it as the deliberate conflation of public health and intellectual property concerns. Countering the Problem of Falsified and Substandard Drugs accepts the narrow meaning of counterfeit, and, because the nuances of trademark infringement must be dealt with by courts, case by case, the report does not discuss the problem of counterfeit medicines.