Use of Formative Research Methods to Explore and Understand Food Handling Practices, Attitudes and Behaviors Among Older Adults in the United States PDF Download
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Author: Melissa Kavanaugh Publisher: ISBN: Category : Focus groups Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Every year it is estimated that just three foodborne pathogens, Salmonella, Campylobacter and Listeria sicken 221,290 U.S. adults, 65 years of age and older. Moreover, when compared to other age groups, older adults are more likely to be hospitalized and subsequently die because of their illness. Unfortunately, many older adults do not follow food safety guidelines that would reduce their risk of infection. Targeted food safety education is needed in order to reduce food safety risks among older adults; however, there has been little formative research conducted that could be used to guide the development of targeted food safety education for older consumers. The goal of the research proposed here was to use a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods to inform recommendations for food safety messaging directed at older adults. First, focus groups were conducted with older adults in order to determine their current food handling and consumption practices as well as their attitudes and beliefs about food safety. The Health Belief Model (HBM) theory of behavior change supported development of the focus group questioning route as well as thematic analysis of the focus group responses. Next a survey, informed by the focus group responses and also guided by the HBM, was developed and validated. Exploratory factor analysis identified four HBM factors and three food handling factors. Finally, the validated survey was administered to a nationwide sample of 1552 older adults in order to confirm or modify the focus group results. Based upon the survey responses, recommendations were made for several food safety messages that could serve as the basis for future food safety educational interventions targeting older adults.
Author: Melissa Kavanaugh Publisher: ISBN: Category : Focus groups Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Every year it is estimated that just three foodborne pathogens, Salmonella, Campylobacter and Listeria sicken 221,290 U.S. adults, 65 years of age and older. Moreover, when compared to other age groups, older adults are more likely to be hospitalized and subsequently die because of their illness. Unfortunately, many older adults do not follow food safety guidelines that would reduce their risk of infection. Targeted food safety education is needed in order to reduce food safety risks among older adults; however, there has been little formative research conducted that could be used to guide the development of targeted food safety education for older consumers. The goal of the research proposed here was to use a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods to inform recommendations for food safety messaging directed at older adults. First, focus groups were conducted with older adults in order to determine their current food handling and consumption practices as well as their attitudes and beliefs about food safety. The Health Belief Model (HBM) theory of behavior change supported development of the focus group questioning route as well as thematic analysis of the focus group responses. Next a survey, informed by the focus group responses and also guided by the HBM, was developed and validated. Exploratory factor analysis identified four HBM factors and three food handling factors. Finally, the validated survey was administered to a nationwide sample of 1552 older adults in order to confirm or modify the focus group results. Based upon the survey responses, recommendations were made for several food safety messages that could serve as the basis for future food safety educational interventions targeting older adults.
Author: Cataria C. Davis Publisher: ISBN: Category : Behavioral assessment Languages : en Pages : 198
Book Description
The incidence of foodborne illness is extremely costly to the United States. The field of health education is challenged with promoting food safety awareness and education similar to other prevalent heath issues such as infectious diseases. It is important for health educators to develop programs targeted at older adults, as well as the referent individuals in their lives. The purpose of this study was to assess the influences of attitudes, subjective norms, and behavioral intention in regard to older adults' in-home food safety behaviors. Therefore, only older adults who still prepare and cook their own foods were invited to participate in the study. Participants were conveniently accessed from congregate meal sites throughout the southern six counties in Southern Illinois and asked if they would voluntarily take a self-report survey. The survey was adopted and modified from the Research Triangle Institute. It was modified to include a demographic scale to assess the characteristics of the current sample, and included four subscales: a knowledge scale, an attitudes scale, a subjective norms scale, and a behavioral intention scale. The purpose of the knowledge scale was to understand what food safety knowledge older adults actually possessed. Older adults had limited knowledge about food safety and foodborne illness. Their attitudes towards food safety and foodborne illness were also more negative instead of positive. However, increased knowledge correlated with more positive attitudes. Attitudes did not predict behavioral intention. Higher levels of subjective norms tended to predict increased levels of behavioral intention. It is imperative that health educators create and develop programs that target referent persons involved with older adults. This can be an important factor in increasing older adults' food safety knowledge, attitudes, and behavioral intention levels.
Author: Deidra Wood Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 116
Book Description
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Independent Living Continuing Care Retirement Community Residents on Food Labeling and Knowledge of Diet-Disease Relationships by Deidra Wood July, 2016 Director of Thesis: Dr. Oyinlola Toyin Babatunde Major Department: Nutrition Science Older adults are striving to maintain their quality of life as chronic disease is frequently occurring among this rapidly growing population group. Independent-living older adult residents of Continuing Care Retirement Communities are provided meal plans allowing selective dietary decision-making that may be influenced by food labeling reading habits or diagnosis of chronic disease related to diet. Research regarding knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions toward food labeling and knowledge of diet-disease relationships is lacking among this population. A mixed method approach was used in this research study to explore food label practice and knowledge of diet-disease relationships as a minimally explored topic within the population, the older adult demographic. The research sought to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of food label use and knowledge toward diet-disease relationships of independent-living older adults residing in two Continuing Care Retirement Communities. This research was conducted in two phases, a quantitative survey and qualitative focus groups, using a convenience sample of older adults residents (n=131) at two Continuing Care Retirement Communities in North Carolina. All participants completed the quantitative survey and were invited to participate in the focus group to further explore their beliefs towards the topics addressed in the survey. A total of 10 residents participated in the focus groups. For the quantitative data analysis, descriptive statistics, t-tests, and Fisher's exact tests were conducted with p-value set at 0.05. Focus group data from the qualitative phase were transcribed, coded, and refined into five major themes. All participants were [greater-than or equal to] 65 years, 50% over the age of 84. The majority of participants were Caucasian (99%) and female (79%). The results of food label practice revealed that although participants could be identified as the typical food label user with frequent use (86%) and high label knowledge (70%), they typically felt indifferent toward labeling without regards to personal health benefits. Regarding the diet-disease relationship component, this study revealed and confirmed that participants were aware of dietary habits that promoted health, but may not have necessarily wanted to change their dietary habits because they thought the diagnosis of a disease was indicative of a genetic predisposition and unrelated to diet. Further exploration with non-independent living older adult population groups from continuing care retirement communities may provide additional comprehension of the practices of food label use for the field of nutrition and dietetics, and older adult research. Dietetic practitioners may benefit from further research within the older adult population about their knowledge and beliefs regarding diet-disease relationships. Such insight may increase the effectiveness of nutrition professionals working with the older adult population to promote healthy aging.
Author: Institute of Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309041392 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 256
Book Description
Written and organized to be accessible to a wide range of readers, Improving America's Diet and Health explores how Americans can be persuaded to adopt healthier eating habits. Moving well beyond the "pamphlet and public service announcement" approach to dietary change, this volume investigates current eating patterns in this country, consumers' beliefs and attitudes about food and nutrition, the theory and practice of promoting healthy behaviors, and needs for further research. The core of the volume consists of strategies and actions targeted to sectors of societyâ€"government, the private sector, the health professions, the education communityâ€"that have special responsibilities for encouraging and enabling consumers to eat better. These recommendations form the basis for three principal strategies necessary to further the implementation of dietary recommendations in the United States.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309388570 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 525
Book Description
Decades of research have demonstrated that the parent-child dyad and the environment of the familyâ€"which includes all primary caregiversâ€"are at the foundation of children's well- being and healthy development. From birth, children are learning and rely on parents and the other caregivers in their lives to protect and care for them. The impact of parents may never be greater than during the earliest years of life, when a child's brain is rapidly developing and when nearly all of her or his experiences are created and shaped by parents and the family environment. Parents help children build and refine their knowledge and skills, charting a trajectory for their health and well-being during childhood and beyond. The experience of parenting also impacts parents themselves. For instance, parenting can enrich and give focus to parents' lives; generate stress or calm; and create any number of emotions, including feelings of happiness, sadness, fulfillment, and anger. Parenting of young children today takes place in the context of significant ongoing developments. These include: a rapidly growing body of science on early childhood, increases in funding for programs and services for families, changing demographics of the U.S. population, and greater diversity of family structure. Additionally, parenting is increasingly being shaped by technology and increased access to information about parenting. Parenting Matters identifies parenting knowledge, attitudes, and practices associated with positive developmental outcomes in children ages 0-8; universal/preventive and targeted strategies used in a variety of settings that have been effective with parents of young children and that support the identified knowledge, attitudes, and practices; and barriers to and facilitators for parents' use of practices that lead to healthy child outcomes as well as their participation in effective programs and services. This report makes recommendations directed at an array of stakeholders, for promoting the wide-scale adoption of effective programs and services for parents and on areas that warrant further research to inform policy and practice. It is meant to serve as a roadmap for the future of parenting policy, research, and practice in the United States.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309163587 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 589
Book Description
Recent outbreaks of illnesses traced to contaminated sprouts and lettuce illustrate the holes that exist in the system for monitoring problems and preventing foodborne diseases. Although it is not solely responsible for ensuring the safety of the nation's food supply, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) oversees monitoring and intervention for 80 percent of the food supply. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration's abilities to discover potential threats to food safety and prevent outbreaks of foodborne illness are hampered by impediments to efficient use of its limited resources and a piecemeal approach to gathering and using information on risks. Enhancing Food Safety: The Role of the Food and Drug Administration, a new book from the Institute of Medicine and the National Research Council, responds to a congressional request for recommendations on how to close gaps in FDA's food safety systems. Enhancing Food Safety begins with a brief review of the Food Protection Plan (FPP), FDA's food safety philosophy developed in 2007. The lack of sufficient detail and specific strategies in the FPP renders it ineffectual. The book stresses the need for FPP to evolve and be supported by the type of strategic planning described in these pages. It also explores the development and implementation of a stronger, more effective food safety system built on a risk-based approach to food safety management. Conclusions and recommendations include adopting a risk-based decision-making approach to food safety; creating a data surveillance and research infrastructure; integrating federal, state, and local government food safety programs; enhancing efficiency of inspections; and more. Although food safety is the responsibility of everyone, from producers to consumers, the FDA and other regulatory agencies have an essential role. In many instances, the FDA must carry out this responsibility against a backdrop of multiple stakeholder interests, inadequate resources, and competing priorities. Of interest to the food production industry, consumer advocacy groups, health care professionals, and others, Enhancing Food Safety provides the FDA and Congress with a course of action that will enable the agency to become more efficient and effective in carrying out its food safety mission in a rapidly changing world.
Author: Maria Luiza Peixoto Abreu (Graduate student) Publisher: ISBN: Category : COVID-19 Pandemic, 2020- Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Abstract: Good nutrition is an essential component of wellness for humans of all ages, but particularly for the growing number of older adults. Nutrition plays a crucial role in conditions associated with older adults, not only for preventing the onset or even reversing disease, but also for improving quality of life. In times of crisis, such as a pandemic, unhealthy behaviors (e.g. following irregular eating patterns, purchasing inexpensive unhealthy foods) are common and often necessary. However, these behaviors can negatively affect the health of individuals, increasing risk for undernutrition, obesity and poor health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to explore behavioral and life-style factors related to malnutrition in older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Non-experimental, qualitative research methods were used to explore the relationship among these variables. No relationship was found between the nutritional status of the participants and behavioral and life-style factors. Despite this, it was possible to analyze which and how behavioral factors affect the dietary patterns of older adults during the pandemic. The study showed a relationship between boredom and anxiety symptomatology with an increase in unhealthy food choices; at the same time, not eating out was related to healthier food choices.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309448093 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 367
Book Description
Family caregiving affects millions of Americans every day, in all walks of life. At least 17.7 million individuals in the United States are caregivers of an older adult with a health or functional limitation. The nation's family caregivers provide the lion's share of long-term care for our older adult population. They are also central to older adults' access to and receipt of health care and community-based social services. Yet the need to recognize and support caregivers is among the least appreciated challenges facing the aging U.S. population. Families Caring for an Aging America examines the prevalence and nature of family caregiving of older adults and the available evidence on the effectiveness of programs, supports, and other interventions designed to support family caregivers. This report also assesses and recommends policies to address the needs of family caregivers and to minimize the barriers that they encounter in trying to meet the needs of older adults.
Author: Melissa Kavanaugh
Author: Melissa Kavanaugh
Author: Cataria C. Davis
Author: Deidra Wood
Author: 
Author: Institute of Medicine
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Author: National Research Council
Author: Joel Gittelsohn
Author: Maria Luiza Peixoto Abreu (Graduate student)
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine