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Author: Kala Seetharam Sridhar Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
From 1975 to 2015, Indian cities grew at a rapid rate, adding roughly 300 million new residents. The aim of this paper is to understand how the urban form of Indian cities has evolved over this time and explain the variation in growth patterns across the country. We focus on two questions. First, are Indian cities suburbanizing or is their growth compact? Second, what explains the differences in suburbanization or compact growth? We answer these questions using granular, grid-level data from the Global Human Settlements Layer. We take three approaches to understand the evolution of urban form. First, we describe changes in population density based on concentric rings around the city centre measuring either a 0.1, 0.2 or 0.3 km radius for 100 cities in India. Second, we use these same data to estimate population density gradients. Finally, we run regression of the population density gradient and test hypotheses about relationships between city characteristics and the density gradient. From the first type of analysis, based on models of population change and loss in thousands of concentric rings of 100 cities, we find that even as most cities in India saw an increase in density within the city limits in 1975, they also expanded significantly. Then, applying the standard urban model, we estimate population density gradients for the largest 100 cities in the country in 1975 and 2015, and employment density gradients for 62 cities. We find that the negative exponential density function is useful for studying urban form in India and shows cities both suburbanized during 1975-2015 but also densified existing urban land. South Indian cities and those in already urbanized states grew in a more sprawling manner than their northern and previously less urbanized counterparts. We also find that jobs are more centralized than population, and that employment in the cities of economically lagging states is more sprawling compared to the all India average. In models of population suburbanization, we find the initial conditions of central cities such as the literacy rate and the historical evolution of population suburbanization in the cities to be statistically significant. We find that natural evolution factors such as population and per capita income have no role in explaining population suburbanization in India's cities.
Author: Kala Seetharam Sridhar Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
From 1975 to 2015, Indian cities grew at a rapid rate, adding roughly 300 million new residents. The aim of this paper is to understand how the urban form of Indian cities has evolved over this time and explain the variation in growth patterns across the country. We focus on two questions. First, are Indian cities suburbanizing or is their growth compact? Second, what explains the differences in suburbanization or compact growth? We answer these questions using granular, grid-level data from the Global Human Settlements Layer. We take three approaches to understand the evolution of urban form. First, we describe changes in population density based on concentric rings around the city centre measuring either a 0.1, 0.2 or 0.3 km radius for 100 cities in India. Second, we use these same data to estimate population density gradients. Finally, we run regression of the population density gradient and test hypotheses about relationships between city characteristics and the density gradient. From the first type of analysis, based on models of population change and loss in thousands of concentric rings of 100 cities, we find that even as most cities in India saw an increase in density within the city limits in 1975, they also expanded significantly. Then, applying the standard urban model, we estimate population density gradients for the largest 100 cities in the country in 1975 and 2015, and employment density gradients for 62 cities. We find that the negative exponential density function is useful for studying urban form in India and shows cities both suburbanized during 1975-2015 but also densified existing urban land. South Indian cities and those in already urbanized states grew in a more sprawling manner than their northern and previously less urbanized counterparts. We also find that jobs are more centralized than population, and that employment in the cities of economically lagging states is more sprawling compared to the all India average. In models of population suburbanization, we find the initial conditions of central cities such as the literacy rate and the historical evolution of population suburbanization in the cities to be statistically significant. We find that natural evolution factors such as population and per capita income have no role in explaining population suburbanization in India's cities.
Author: Vítor Oliveira Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319761269 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 349
Book Description
This book brings together contributions from some of the foremost international experts in the field of urban morphology and addresses major questions such as: What exactly is urban morphology? Why teach it? What contents should be taught in an urban morphology course? And how can it be taught most effectively? Over the past few decades there has been a growing awareness of the importance of urban form in connection with the many dimensions – social, economic, and environmental – of our lives in cities. As a result, urban morphology – the science of urban form, and now over a century old – has taken on a key role in the debate on the past, present and future of cities. And yet it remains unclear how urban morphologists should convey the main morphological theories, concepts and techniques to our students – the potential researchers of, and practitioners in, the urban landscapes of tomorrow. This book is the first to address that gap, providing concrete guidelines on how to teach urban morphology, complemented by EXAMPLES OF EXERCISES FROM THE AUTHORS’ LESSONS.
Author: Madhurima Chakraborty Publisher: Taylor & Francis ISBN: 1317195884 Category : Literary Criticism Languages : en Pages : 294
Book Description
Extending current scholarship on South Asian Urban and Literary Studies, this volume examines the role of the discontents of the South Asian city. The collection investigates how South Asian literature and literature about South Asia attends to urban margins, regardless of whether the definition of margin is spatial, psychological, gendered, or sociopolitical. That cities are a site of profound paradoxes is nowhere clearer than in South Asia, where urban areas simultaneously represent both the frontiers of globalization as well as the deeply troubling social and political inequalities of the global south. Additionally, because South Asian cities are defined by the palimpsestic confluence of, among other things, colonial oppression, anticolonial nationalism, postcolonial governance, and twenty-first century transnational capital, they are sites where the many faces of empowerment and disempowerment are elaborated. The volume brings together essays that emphasize myriad critical approaches—geospatial, urban-theoretical, diasporic, subaltern, and others. United in their critical empathy for urban outcasts, the chapters respond to central questions such as: What is the relationship between the politico-economic narratives of globally emerging South Asian cities and the dispossessed? How do South Asian cities stand in relationship to the nation and, conversely, how might South Asians in diaspora construct these cities within larger narratives of development, globalization, or as sources of authentic ethnic identities? How is the very skeleton—the space, the territory—of South Asian cities marked with and by exclusionary politics? How do the aesthetic and formal choices undertaken by writers determine the potential for and limit to emancipation of urban outcasts from their oppressive circumstances? Considering fiction, nonfiction, comics, and genre fiction from India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka; literature from the twentieth and the twenty-first century; and works that are Anglophone and those that are in translation, this book will be valuable to a range of disciplines.
Author: Ashok Kumar Publisher: Taylor & Francis ISBN: 100009121X Category : Architecture Languages : en Pages : 311
Book Description
This book is a comprehensive history of city planning in post-independence India. It explores how the nature and orientation of city planning have evolved in India’s changing sociopolitical context over the past hundred or so years. The book situates India’s experience within a historical framework in order to illustrate continuities and disjunctions between the pre- and post-independent Indian laws, policies, and programs for city planning and development. It focuses on the development, scope, and significance of professional planning work in the midst of rapid economic transition, migration, social disparity, and environmental degradation. The volume also highlights the need for inclusive planning processes that can provide clean air, water, and community spaces to large, diverse, and fast growing communities. Detailed and insightful, this volume will be of interest to researchers and students of public administration, civil engineering, architecture, geography, economics, and sociology. It will also be useful for policy makers and professionals working in the areas of town and country planning.
Author: Un-Habitat Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1317932870 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 344
Book Description
Urban transport systems worldwide are faced by a multitude of challenges. Among the most visible of these are the traffic gridlocks experienced on city roads and highways all over the world. The prescribed solution to transport problems in most cities has thus been to build more infrastructures for cars, with a limited number of cities improving public transport systems in a sustainable manner. However, a number of challenges faced by urban transport systems – such as greenhouse gas emissions, noise and air pollution and road traffic accidents – do not necessarily get solved by the construction of new infrastructure. Planning and Design for Sustainable Urban Mobility argues that the development of sustainable urban transport systems requires a conceptual leap. The purpose of ‘transportation’ and ‘mobility’ is to gain access to destinations, activities, services and goods. Thus, access is the ultimate objective of transportation. As a result, urban planning and design should focus on how to bring people and places together, by creating cities that focus on accessibility, rather than simply increasing the length of urban transport infrastructure or increasing the movement of people or goods. Urban form and the functionality of the city are therefore a major focus of this report, which highlights the importance of integrated land-use and transport planning. This new report of the United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat), the world’s leading authority on urban issues, provides some thought-provoking insights and policy recommendations on how to plan and design sustainable urban mobility systems. The Global Report on Human Settlements is the most authoritative and up-to-date global assessment of human settlements conditions and trends. Preceding issues of the report have addressed such topics as Cities in a Globalizing World, The Challenge of Slums, Financing Urban Shelter, Enhancing Urban Safety and Security, Planning Sustainable Cities and Cities and Climate Change.
Author: Tridib Banerjee Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1351400614 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 894
Book Description
The New Companion to Urban Design continues the assemblage of rich and critical ideas about urban form and design that began with the Companion to Urban Design (Routledge, 2011). With chapters from a new set of contributors, this sequel offers a more comparative perspective representing multiple voices and perspectives from the Global South. The essays in this volume are organized in three parts: Part I: Comparative Urbanism; Part II: Challenges; and Part III: Opportunities. Each part contains distinct sections designed to address specific themes, and includes a list of annotated suggested further readings at the end of each chapter. Part I: Comparative Urbanism examines different variants of urbanism in the Global North and the Global South, produced by a new economic order characterized by the mobility of labor, capital, information, and technology. Part II: Challenges discusses some of the contemporary challenges that cities of the Global North and the Global South are facing and the possible role of urban design. This part discusses spatial claims and conflicts, challenges generated by urban informality, explosive growth or dramatic shrinkage of the urban settlement, gentrification and displacement, and mimesis, simulacra and lack of authenticity. Part III: Aspirations discusses some normative goals that urban design interventions aspire to bring about in cities of the Global North and the Global South. These include resilience and sustainability, health, conservation/restoration, justice, intelligence, access and mobility, and arts and culture. The New Companion to Urban Design is primarily intended for scholars and graduate students interested in cities and their built environment. It offers an invaluable and up-to-date guide to current thinking across a range of disciplines including urban design, planning, urban studies, and geography.
Author: Renate Bornberg Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3031237374 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 330
Book Description
This book discusses the importance of socio-spatial patterns in cities that are embedded in the cultural heritage and self-understanding of a society, showing that Indian cities follow different urban concepts. In nine episodes (nine is a sacred figure), it highlights the principal influences and social impacts on cities from ancient times to contemporary city developments. As such, it provides planners and architects with insights that can easily be applied in contemporary cities and towns and help foster India’s cultural heritage—a much-needed, but little-discussed approach. Indian cities are the result of various factors, some imposed, others following local traditions that shaped them. They were founded around social needs, landscape conditions and production routines, as well as the religious influences of Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism, Islam, Christianity and animism. However, Western town-planning models are often implemented, blurring the traditional way of life in cities. For sustainable town development, it is of key importance to find solutions that deal with Indian city models.
Author: Pradipta Banerji Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 981190412X Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 259
Book Description
This volume discusses a combination of topics dealing with the wide variety of urban planning, authored by well reputed scholars in India mastering disciplines such as architecture, urban design, transportation planning, public policy, urban planning, urban engineering and civil engineering. It focuses on contemporary problems in metro cities like New Delhi, Ahmedabad, Mumbai, etc. This book also highlights critical aspects of urban developments while considering the aspects of mega infrastructure projects especially related to water, waste water treatment and environmental issues.
Author: Kala Seetharam Sridhar
Author: Kala Seetharam Sridhar
Author: Vítor Oliveira
Author: Inge Jensen
Author: Madhurima Chakraborty
Author: Ashok Kumar
Author: Un-Habitat
Author: Tridib Banerjee
Author: Renate Bornberg
Author: Pradipta Banerji
Author: