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Author: Raymond Kozlowski Publisher: ISBN: 9780542458019 Category : Computational linguistics Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
It is desirable for a sentence generation architecture to utilize diverse lexical and grammatical forms of expression, especially for multilingual generation and paraphrasing. This work presents a generation architecture capable of generating such variety in a uniform manner. Central to our approach are lexico-grammatical resources which pair elementary semantic structures with their syntactic realization and all lexico-grammatical consequences. Since the resources, contained in the lexicon for the given language, encapsulate all information necessary to produce the realizations of a semantic input, the generation methodology itself is simple and free from exceptional processing. Consistent with the traditional approach to sentence generation, our methodology consists of three parts: the decomposition of the semantic input into non-overlapping pieces to be realized by separate lexico-grammatical resources, the independent realization of the semantic pieces, and putting the realizations together to form a grammatical sentence in the language. The independence of the realization of semantic pieces is an important aspect of the simplicity of the methodology. There exist linguistic phenomena that raise issues with respect to this independence. They include constraints a lexical item might impose on the type of arguments (traditionally called selectional restrictions) and constraints a lexical item might impose on other lexical items with which it co-occurs (resulting in so-called collocations). We investigate the role of these phenomena in generation in a way that has not been done before. We also conclude that they do not pose complications to the independent realization of semantic pieces or to our generation architecture in general.
Author: Raymond Kozlowski Publisher: ISBN: 9780542458019 Category : Computational linguistics Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
It is desirable for a sentence generation architecture to utilize diverse lexical and grammatical forms of expression, especially for multilingual generation and paraphrasing. This work presents a generation architecture capable of generating such variety in a uniform manner. Central to our approach are lexico-grammatical resources which pair elementary semantic structures with their syntactic realization and all lexico-grammatical consequences. Since the resources, contained in the lexicon for the given language, encapsulate all information necessary to produce the realizations of a semantic input, the generation methodology itself is simple and free from exceptional processing. Consistent with the traditional approach to sentence generation, our methodology consists of three parts: the decomposition of the semantic input into non-overlapping pieces to be realized by separate lexico-grammatical resources, the independent realization of the semantic pieces, and putting the realizations together to form a grammatical sentence in the language. The independence of the realization of semantic pieces is an important aspect of the simplicity of the methodology. There exist linguistic phenomena that raise issues with respect to this independence. They include constraints a lexical item might impose on the type of arguments (traditionally called selectional restrictions) and constraints a lexical item might impose on other lexical items with which it co-occurs (resulting in so-called collocations). We investigate the role of these phenomena in generation in a way that has not been done before. We also conclude that they do not pose complications to the independent realization of semantic pieces or to our generation architecture in general.
Author: Daniel Bikel Publisher: IBM Press ISBN: 0137047819 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 829
Book Description
Multilingual Natural Language Processing Applications is the first comprehensive single-source guide to building robust and accurate multilingual NLP systems. Edited by two leading experts, it integrates cutting-edge advances with practical solutions drawn from extensive field experience. Part I introduces the core concepts and theoretical foundations of modern multilingual natural language processing, presenting today’s best practices for understanding word and document structure, analyzing syntax, modeling language, recognizing entailment, and detecting redundancy. Part II thoroughly addresses the practical considerations associated with building real-world applications, including information extraction, machine translation, information retrieval/search, summarization, question answering, distillation, processing pipelines, and more. This book contains important new contributions from leading researchers at IBM, Google, Microsoft, Thomson Reuters, BBN, CMU, University of Edinburgh, University of Washington, University of North Texas, and others. Coverage includes Core NLP problems, and today’s best algorithms for attacking them Processing the diverse morphologies present in the world’s languages Uncovering syntactical structure, parsing semantics, using semantic role labeling, and scoring grammaticality Recognizing inferences, subjectivity, and opinion polarity Managing key algorithmic and design tradeoffs in real-world applications Extracting information via mention detection, coreference resolution, and events Building large-scale systems for machine translation, information retrieval, and summarization Answering complex questions through distillation and other advanced techniques Creating dialog systems that leverage advances in speech recognition, synthesis, and dialog management Constructing common infrastructure for multiple multilingual text processing applications This book will be invaluable for all engineers, software developers, researchers, and graduate students who want to process large quantities of text in multiple languages, in any environment: government, corporate, or academic.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309455405 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 529
Book Description
Educating dual language learners (DLLs) and English learners (ELs) effectively is a national challenge with consequences both for individuals and for American society. Despite their linguistic, cognitive, and social potential, many ELsâ€"who account for more than 9 percent of enrollment in grades K-12 in U.S. schoolsâ€"are struggling to meet the requirements for academic success, and their prospects for success in postsecondary education and in the workforce are jeopardized as a result. Promoting the Educational Success of Children and Youth Learning English: Promising Futures examines how evidence based on research relevant to the development of DLLs/ELs from birth to age 21 can inform education and health policies and related practices that can result in better educational outcomes. This report makes recommendations for policy, practice, and research and data collection focused on addressing the challenges in caring for and educating DLLs/ELs from birth to grade 12.
Author: Raymond Kozlowski
Author: Raymond Kozlowski
Author: 
Author: Association for Computational Linguistics. Meeting
Author: Dana Dannélls
Author: 
Author: David Crystal
Author: Daniel Bikel
Author: Ralph Fasold
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Author: Jon F. Miller