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Book Description
Part 1 of this volume reviews advances in research on key aspects of poultry behaviour and welfare monitoring. Part 2 discusses particular welfare issues affecting broilers and layers such as housing and environmental enrichment as well as problems such as injurious pecking and bone health.
Book Description
Part 1 of this volume reviews advances in research on key aspects of poultry behaviour and welfare monitoring. Part 2 discusses particular welfare issues affecting broilers and layers such as housing and environmental enrichment as well as problems such as injurious pecking and bone health.
Author: Christine J Nicol Publisher: CABI ISBN: 1780642490 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 202
Book Description
Chickens are by far the world’s most widely farmed animal, kept for both meat and egg production. They are at the centre of many debates regarding housing and production systems, causing significant interest in what lies behind chicken behaviour. This accessible book covers sensory biology, behavioural development, preferences and aversions, social behaviour, learning and cognition, behavioural issues in different systems and solutions for behavioural problems. Authored by an authority on chicken ethology, it brings together the fields of animal behaviour, neuroscience, psychology and epidemiology to provide a comprehensive understanding of chicken behaviour and help improve the lives of farmed chickens around the world.
Author: Michael C. Appleby Publisher: CABI ISBN: 0851996671 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 288
Book Description
This authoritative textbook provides an introduction and guide to poultry behavior and welfare. It describes the origin and biology of the various species of bird that are of agricultural importance, as well as giving a succinct overview of their key behavior patterns. There is careful discussion of the many factors that influence their welfare, and detailed consideration of the ways in which legislation and commercial interests interact in an attempt to satisfy the many needs involved. The final chapters discuss possible future developments within the subject. The book is in part an update of a previous work, Poultry Production Systems: Behaviour, Management and Welfare (CABI, 1992), completely rewritten and with much new material added.
Author: Andy Butterworth Publisher: 5m Books Ltd ISBN: 1789181410 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 134
Book Description
Broiler Chickens is a short practical book of guidelines and advice to good welfare practice in broiler chicken farming. With contributions from world expert researchers in poultry welfare, this book distils academic research into applied advice on the farm for industry and farm workers. The content covered includes health and disease impacts with a One Health focus, housing for optimal health, broiler breeders, hatchery management, broiler slaughter practices, transport, animal welfare assessment measures and a discussion of welfare improvement measures on the farm. 5m Books
Author: William M. Muir Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters ISBN: 012806000X Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 51
Book Description
Many behaviors in poultry can be modified by genetic selection. Selection of laying hens for maximum egg production had the unfortunate side effect of increased rates of beak inflicted damage on other birds. Selective breeding has eliminated broodiness and has either increased or decreased other behaviors, such as hysteria, fearfulness, appetite in broilers, social dominance, ability and damage to other birds. Genetic selection can be used to reduce behaviors that cause welfare problems. However, it must be approached with caution to avoid unintended consequences that would be detrimental to welfare. A calm, docile bird that appears behaviorally calm, may take longer for its heart rate to return to normal after it is frightened. The use of group selection instead of single-bird selection can be effectively used to reduce undesirable behaviors such as feather pecking and to maintain high egg production. An entire group of birds is selected instead of selecting individuals.
Author: Tessa C. Grebey Publisher: ISBN: Category : Electronic dissertations Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
A global trend towards improving farm animal welfare has seen an increase in the use of alternative or cage-free housing systems, and several countries have implemented bans on caged egg production due to their barren nature. Individual states in the U.S. have also established cage-free regulations intending to improve hen welfare by providing more space and resources per hen than are possible in cages. Due to this legislative demand, along with pressure from corporate pledges to source only cage-free eggs within a short timeline, many egg producers are undergoing the costly transition to build, stock, and maintain cage-free production facilities. Hens housed in cage-free systems can move throughout their enclosures and can utilize resources like perches, litter areas, and designated nests. Unfortunately, the addition of these resources, along with increased freedom of movement for hens and interactions among conspecifics within the flock, have also had unintended consequences (including negative hen behaviors such as crowding/crushing one another and cannibalism, and hen behaviors that are undesirable to producers, like laying eggs outside of nest sites). Further, several space and resource guidelines are set on a per-hen basis and may not consider that certain hen behaviors require a varying amount of space, nor do they consider the potential influence of large portions of a flock behaving congruously (in both situations, the amount of space or resources allocated by guidelines may not be the actual amount that is used or needed by hens). As an additional consideration, many of hens' key behaviors are diurnal in nature and it is possible that synchronous flock movement to a certain resource at a certain time of day, coupled with management tactics used to curb undesired behaviors, could prevent hens from performing these behaviors based on their preferred temporal patterns. To better ensure that guidelines on cage-free husbandry and management practices actually improve hen welfare as intended, research should consider the influences of multiple factors on hen behavior. Therefore, the overarching℗ focus of this project was to examine how laying hens of different genetic strains perform dynamic and space-intensive behaviors in a multi-tiered aviary system. Behaviors chosen for examination were dust bathing and wing flapping, both of which have been deemed important by cage-free legislation. Commercial-style Natura60 aviaries were stocked with 4 genetic strains: Hy-Line Brown [HB], Bovan Brown [BB], DeKalb White [DW] and Hy-Line [W36]. In the first study, we found that white strains had higher rates of litter occupancy and more synchrony in dust bathing behavior compared to brown strains. White-feathered hens also had smaller interbird distances while performing a dust bathing bout, whereas hens of the brown strains had larger inter-bird distances and shortened the duration of dust bathing bouts in the presence of more hens on the litter or with less space between nearby hens. During initial placement in the aviaries, we saw a similar behavioral trend based on genetic strain: following a period of complete litter restriction, DW and W36 hens occupied litter in greater numbers and at a faster rate HB and BB hens. When doors to litter opened each day, hens not only gained access to litter but also to unfettered three-dimensional space. Hens of all 4 strains flapped their wings more in the first 85 minutes (11:35am-12:55pm) following doors' opening, suggesting their daily confinement within tiers may have influenced their motivation to wing flap once they had room to do so. While wing flapping, W36 hens required an average of 51.02 ℗ł 4.7 cm of vertical space; however, our hens were cage-reared and housed, and the manner in which they flapped may not be representative of hens with more muscle development and experience with wing flapping. The method we tested should be further utilized on dynamic behaviors on of hens from a variety of strains, ages, and backgrounds. Future work is needed to determine the space requirements of hens for particular resources rather than blanketed guidelines for space as a whole. Differences in social distancing, behavioral synchrony, and the time-of-day around specific resources need to be identified.
Author: Marian Stamp Dawkins Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0192588761 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 151
Book Description
What is animal welfare? Why has it proved so difficult to find a definition that everyone can agree on? This concise and accessible guide is for anyone who is interested in animals and who has wondered how we can assess their welfare scientifically. It defines animal welfare as 'health and animals having what they want', a definition that can be easily understood by scientists and non-scientists alike, expresses in simple words what underlies many existing definitions, and shows what evidence we need to collect to improve animal welfare in practice. Above all, it puts the animal's own point of view at the heart of an assessment of its welfare. But, can we really understand what animals want? A consistent theme running through the book is that not only is it possible to establish what animals want, but that this information is vital in helping us to make sense of the long and often confusing list of welfare measures that are now in use such as 'stress' and 'feel good hormones', expressive sounds and gestures, natural behaviour, cognitive bias, and stereotypies. Defining welfare as 'health and what animals want' allows us to distinguish between measures that are simply what an animal does when it is alert, aroused, or active and those measures that genuinely allow us to distinguish between situations the animals themselves see as positive or negative. Sentience (conscious feelings of pleasure, pain, and suffering) is for many people the essence of what is meant by welfare, but studying consciousness is notoriously difficult, particularly in non-human species. These difficulties are discussed in the context of our current - and as yet incomplete - knowledge of human and animal consciousness. Finally, the book highlights some key ideas in the relationship between animal welfare science and animal ethics and shows how closely the well-being of humans is linked to that of other animals. The Science of Animal Welfare is an ideal companion for undergraduate and graduate students taking courses in animal behaviour and welfare, as well as for professional researchers, practitioners and animal welfare consultants. At the same time, it is easily understandable to non-scientists and anyone without prior knowledge but with an interest in animals and the rapidly evolving science of animal welfare.
Author: Donald M. Broom Publisher: CABI ISBN: 178924983X Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 577
Book Description
Completely updated and revised, and synthesizing the recent explosion in animal welfare literature, the sixth edition of this best-selling textbook continues to provide a thorough overview of behaviour and welfare of companion and farm animals, including fish. The introductory section has been completely revised, with all following chapters updated, redesigned and improved to reflect our changing understanding. Written by a world-leading expert and key opinion leader in animal behaviour and welfare, this text provides a highly accessible guide to the subject. It is an essential foundation for any veterinary, animal science, animal behaviour or welfare-focused undergraduate or graduate course.
Author: David Fraser Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1118697367 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 449
Book Description
"This is a delightful book, full of interesting aspects of animal welfare. An excellent guide to the academic study of animal welfare science." —Marian Stamp Dawkins, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford Understanding Animal Welfare: The Science in its Cultural Context takes a completely fresh and thought-provoking approach. It is essential reading for anyone interested, studying or currently working in the fascinating field of animal welfare science. David Fraser places modern-day welfare issues within their historical framework by tracing the evolving ideas that led to current thinking. He also highlights some intriguing issues relating to the contradiction inherent in the term 'animal welfare science' and the practical problem of how to assess emotional states in animals. Special features: Encompasses ideas from a variety of disciplines to give a broad perspective of the topic. Discusses methods of measuring animal welfare and their strengths and limitations. Examines contemporary debates and applications of the science to policy issues. "... an impressive historical narrative of the genesis and growth of animal welfare as a scientific discipline.... The book will be invaluable for anyone involved with animal welfare issues on an academic level or those involved with the integration of these principles into current care and handling issues facing agriculture, companion, laboratory, wild, or zoo animals." —Carolyn L. Stull, PhD, Veterinary Medicine Extension, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis "Fraser offers insights only possible from someone with his considerable experience and understanding." —Dr. Chris Sherwin, Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol This book is part of the UFAW/Wiley-Blackwell Animal Welfare Book Series. This major series of books produced in collaboration between UFAW (The Universities Federation for Animal Welfare), and Wiley-Blackwell provides an authoritative source of information on worldwide developments, current thinking and best practice in the field of animal welfare science and technology. For details of all of the titles in the series see www.wiley.com/go/ufaw.
Author: G. C. Perry Publisher: CABI ISBN: 9780851990361 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 450
Book Description
The welfare of egg-producing poultry is a topic of great concern to the poultry industry and to researchers in applied animal behaviour. It is also subject to increased legislation. Issues such as battery cages, space requirements, access to daylight and ''free-range'' eggs have attracted public interest.
Author: Christine Nicol
Author: Christine Nicol
Author: Christine J Nicol
Author: Michael C. Appleby
Author: Andy Butterworth
Author: William M. Muir
Author: Tessa C. Grebey
Author: Marian Stamp Dawkins
Author: Donald M. Broom
Author: David Fraser
Author: G. C. Perry