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Author: Susan Pike Publisher: ISBN: 9781267969392 Category : Commuters Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
This study investigates travel behavior changes of regular commuters in the context of the temporary closure of Interstate 5 in downtown Sacramento, California. Specifically, we analyze "temporary" vs. "longer-term" changes in the frequency of drive-alone commuting among 2,012 respondents to an online survey. Interestingly, a similar proportion of the sample increased driving alone (23%) as decreased (22%). Unfortunately from the standpoint of emissions, those who increased driving alone were substantially more likely to make this change a regular ("longer-term") behavior (83%) compared to those who decreased (52%). About 61% of the sample did not change their driving alone in either direction. Numerous variables are considered to be potentially important predictors of changes, including socio-demographic traits, environmental and travel attitudes, and land use characteristics. The influence of the freeway closure is also explored. Discrete choice models of the changes are estimated, and characteristics associated with making positive or negative, temporary or longer-term changes are identified. Important land use characteristics include access to amenities such as grocery stores and schools in the vicinity of home and work locations. Additional characteristics that are important factors in the changes modeled include the background commute patterns, occupation types and attitudes towards transportation and travel.
Author: Susan Pike Publisher: ISBN: 9781267969392 Category : Commuters Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
This study investigates travel behavior changes of regular commuters in the context of the temporary closure of Interstate 5 in downtown Sacramento, California. Specifically, we analyze "temporary" vs. "longer-term" changes in the frequency of drive-alone commuting among 2,012 respondents to an online survey. Interestingly, a similar proportion of the sample increased driving alone (23%) as decreased (22%). Unfortunately from the standpoint of emissions, those who increased driving alone were substantially more likely to make this change a regular ("longer-term") behavior (83%) compared to those who decreased (52%). About 61% of the sample did not change their driving alone in either direction. Numerous variables are considered to be potentially important predictors of changes, including socio-demographic traits, environmental and travel attitudes, and land use characteristics. The influence of the freeway closure is also explored. Discrete choice models of the changes are estimated, and characteristics associated with making positive or negative, temporary or longer-term changes are identified. Important land use characteristics include access to amenities such as grocery stores and schools in the vicinity of home and work locations. Additional characteristics that are important factors in the changes modeled include the background commute patterns, occupation types and attitudes towards transportation and travel.
Author: Meni Koslowsky Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1475797656 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 241
Book Description
Several people have asked what motivated us to write a book about commut ing, something that we all do but over which we have very little control. As a matter of fact, the general reaction from professional colleagues and friends alike was first a sort of knowing smile followed by some story. Everyone has a story about a personal commuting experience. Whether it was a problem with a delayed bus, a late arrival, broken-down automobiles, hot trains or subways, during the past year we have heard it all. Many of these stories must be apocryphal because, if they were all true, it is amazing that anyone ever arrived at work on time, at home, or at some other destination. The interest for us likely stems from many factors that over the years have probably influenced our thinking. All of the authors studied and/or grew up in the New York City metropolitan area. For illustration, let's devote a few paragraphs to describing some of the senior author's (Koslowsky's) life experiences. As a young man in New York City, he was a constant user of the New York City subway system. The whole network was and still is quite impressive. For a relatively small sum, one can spend the whole day and night in an underground world (growing up in New York often makes one think that the whole world is contained in its five boroughs).
Author: Tobias Brosch Publisher: Frontiers Media SA ISBN: 2889198804 Category : Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Languages : en Pages : 140
Book Description
An increasing number of countries are shifting toward sustainable energy economies, emphasizing the use of renewable energy sources, increases in energy efficiency and the abatement of greenhouse gas emissions. The success of such an energy transition will depend not only on the development of new energy technologies, but also on major changes in the patterns of individual energy-related decisions and behaviors resulting in substantial reductions in energy demand. Consequently, the behavioral sciences can make important contributions to the energy transition by increasing our understanding of the multiple factors and mechanisms that underlie individual as well as group-based decisions and behaviors in the energy domain and by creating a basis for systematic interventions that reduce energy usage. Many different types of relevant behaviors and decisions need to be considered in this context, including decisions to invest in energy-efficient household equipment, adjustments of energy-critical habits related to heating, eating, or mode of transportation, and participation in the political discourse related to questions of energy. An integration of the expertise of the different disciplines of the behavioral sciences is thus needed to comprehensively investigate the impact of the different drivers and barriers that may determine energy-related decisions and behaviors, including economic factors such as price level, social factors such as norms, communication patterns and social learning processes, and individual factors such as values, attitudes, beliefs, heuristics, affective biases and emotions. The potential impact of these factors on the success of the energy transition is considerable: for example, a recent projection of the energy demand in Switzerland until 2050 has estimated the reduction potential related to psychological and sociological factors between 0% and 30%, depending on which behavioral changes will be implemented in society. Increased research efforts from the behavioral sciences are required to ensure that the full reduction potential can be achieved. This Research Topic brings together contributions from different disciplines such as psychology, affective science, behavioral economics, economics, sociology, consumer behavior, business science, sociology, and political science, that improve our understanding of the many factors underlying decision-making and behavior in the energy domain, and contribute to the development of targeted interventions that aim at reducing energy demand based on these factors.
Author: Katrina A. Burch Publisher: ISBN: Category : Aggressive driving Languages : en Pages : 123
Book Description
Aggressive driving behaviors have been gaining in notoriety in recent years, with U.S. drivers identifying aggressive driving as a serious problem. Researchers have called for understanding the contextual factors that contribute to drivers engaging in such behaviors. If individuals engage in aggressive- and potentially aggressive- driving behaviors during their work-to-home commutes, it is possible that some aspects of work may be influencing these behaviors. The present study examined the influence of employee's work attitudes and experiences on aggressive- and potentially aggressive- driving behaviors, and the mechanisms that might explain the nature of any spillover effects. Data were collected via a baseline survey and daily diaries administered over the course of one working week, from employees (N = 109) who worked full-time and commuted by private vehicle alone on a daily basis. Objective indicators of potentially aggressive driving behaviors were also collected using a mobile application from a subset of the sample (N = 31) during one working week. Daily diary surveys indicated that on days when employees experience job stress and incivility at work, they engage in aggressive driving behaviors during their work-to-home commutes, through the explanatory mechanisms of negative emotions while driving and perceived psychological contract violation during the commute. In addition, some convergent support was found for the hypothesized relationships using potentially aggressive driving behaviors as the outcome of interest in both the survey- and app-based samples. Overall, the present findings suggest that spillover effects due to employees experiencing job stress and workplace incivility have the potential to impact behaviors elicited during the commute, raising the risk of detrimental consequences for both the employee and employer. Practical implications and future lines of research are discussed.
Author: Birgitta Gatersleben Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing ISBN: 1800882130 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 467
Book Description
This timely Handbook provides a state-of-the-art overview of research on changing behaviour to become less environmentally harmful. Exploring how well-designed, contextually appropriate behaviour change interventions can work, it charts a path that challenges traditional assumptions to maximise environmental impact.
Author: Thomas F. Golob Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9780792399667 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 418
Book Description
Panels for Transportation Planning argues that panels - repeated measurements on the same sets of households or individuals over time - can more effectively capture dynamic changes in travel behavior, and the factors which underlie these changes, than can conventional cross-sectional surveys. Because panels can collect information on household attributes, attitudes and perceptions, residential and employment choices, travel behavior and other variables - and then can collect information on changes in these variables over time - they help us to understand how and why people choose to travel as they do, and how and why these choices are likely to evolve in the future. This book is designed for a wide audience: survey researchers who seek information on methodological advancements and applications; transportation planners who want an improved understanding of dynamic changes in travel behavior; and instructors of graduate courses in urban and transportation planning, research methods, economics, sociology, and public policy. Each chapter has been prepared to stand alone to illustrate a particular theme or application. The book is divided into topical parts which address the most salient issues in the use of panels for transportation planning: panels as evaluation tools, regional planning applications, accounting for response bias, and modeling and forecasting issues. These parts describe panel applications in the US, Australia, Great Britain, Japan, and the Netherlands. Each chapter is supplemented by extensive references; more than 400 studies, reflecting the work of more than 700 authors, are cited in the text.
Author: Janet Z. Giele Publisher: SAGE Publications ISBN: 145225107X Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 361
Book Description
What are the most effective methods for doing life-course research? In this volume, the field's founders and leaders answer this question, giving readers tips on: the art and method of the appropriate research design; the collection of life-history data; and the search for meaningful patterns to be found in the results.
Author: National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on the Effects of Commuting on Pilot Fatigue Publisher: ISBN: 9780309216968 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Nearly everyone experiences fatigue, but some professions--such as aviation, medicine and the military--demand alert, precise, rapid, and well-informed decision making and communication with little margin for error. The potential for fatigue to negatively affect human performance is well established. Concern about this potential in the aviation context extends back decades, with both airlines and pilots agreeing that fatigue is a safety concern. A more recent consideration is whether and how pilot commuting, conducted in a pilot's off-duty time, may affect fatigue during flight duty. In summer 2010 the U.S. Congress directed the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to update the federal regulations that govern pilot flight and duty time, taking into account recent research related to sleep and fatigue. As part of their directive, Congress also instructed FAA to have the National Academy of Sciences conduct a study on the effects of commuting on pilot fatigue. The Effects of Commuting on Pilot Fatigue reviews research and other information related to the prevalence and characteristics of commuting; to the science of sleep, fatigue, and circadian rhythms; to airline and regulatory oversight policies; and to pilot and airline practices. The Effects of Commuting on Pilot Fatigue discusses the policy, economic, and regulatory issues that affect pilot commuting, and outlines potential next steps, including recommendations for regulatory or administrative actions, or further research by the FAA.
Author: Boukachour, Jaouad Publisher: IGI Global ISBN: 1668484765 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 332
Book Description
Logistics and transportation are a complex set of entities and systems interconnected by many physical, financial, and information flows, and, as with all systems, there are optimization and planning issues. In addition, they are subject to economic, social, and especially environmental pressures with the need to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. There is a need for original research to address these issues. Transport and Logistics Planning and Optimization addresses selected transportation and logistics problems at the strategic, tactical, and operational levels in a multidisciplinary approach, not only from a technological perspective but also from a social science perspective. Covering key topics such as supply chain, urban transportation, artificial intelligence, and computer science, this premier reference source is ideal for policymakers, industry professionals, researchers, academicians, scholars, instructors, and students.
Author: Susan Pike
Author: Susan Pike
Author: Meni Koslowsky
Author: Tobias Brosch
Author: Katrina A. Burch
Author: Birgitta Gatersleben
Author: Linchuan Yang
Author: Thomas F. Golob
Author: Janet Z. Giele
Author: National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on the Effects of Commuting on Pilot Fatigue
Author: Boukachour, Jaouad