Author: Leo van Bergen
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789813250581
Category : Leprosy
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: Leo van Bergen
Publisher: NUS Press
ISBN: 9814722839
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 304

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The story of leprosy in the Dutch East Indies from the beginning of the 19th century to the middle of the 20th reveals important themes in the colonial enterprise across the territory that is today’s Indonesia. Operating in a territory with only a few hundred Western-trained doctors and a population in the tens of millions, Dutch colonial officials approached leprosy with uncertainty and anxiety. In the early 19th century, the Dutch administration simply removed sufferers from public view: campaigns targetted anyone “looking ugly”. Towards the end of the century, colonial science considered leprosy a hereditary disease of tropical subjects, and therefore undeserving of the colonial government’s limited resources. The leprosariums were emptied. At the start of the 20th century, a growing understanding that leprosy was spread by a bacillus caused a panic that leprosy might spread from the tropics to the colonial metropole. The mixed emotions of pity, fear and revulsion associated with management of the disease intensified, and fed into broader debates on colonial policy. The experts were unsure, and resources were never forthcoming, and despite a view that “bacteria are the same everywhere”, Dutch leprosy treatment in the East Indies mobilized traditional healing practices and relied on home care. Leo van Bergen’s detailed, attentive study to changing policies for treatment and prevention of leprosy (now often called Hansen’s disease) is fascinating medical history, and provides a useful lens for understanding colonialism in Indonesia.

Author: Maurits Bastiaan Meerwijk
Publisher: Cornell University Press
ISBN: 1501766848
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 258

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In A History of Plague in Java, 1911–1942, Maurits Bastiaan Meerwijk demonstrates how the official response to the 1911 outbreak of plague in Malang led to one of the most invasive health interventions in Dutch colonial Indonesia. Eager to combat disease, Dutch physicians and officials integrated the traditional Javanese house into the "rat-flea-man" theory of transmission. Hollow bamboo frames and thatched roofs offered hiding spaces for rats, suggesting a material link between rat plague and human plague. Over the next thirty years, 1.6 million houses were renovated or rebuilt, millions more were subjected to periodic inspection, and countless Javanese were exposed to health messaging seeking to "rat-proof" their beliefs along with their houses. The transformation of houses, villages, and people was documented in hundreds of photographs and broadcast to overseas audiences as evidence of the "ethical" nature of colonial rule, proving so effective as propaganda that the rebuilding continued even as better alternatives, such as inoculation, became available. By systematically reshaping the built environment, the Dutch plague response dramatically expanded colonial oversight and influence in rural Java.

Author: Neville Wylie
Publisher: Manchester University Press
ISBN: 1526133539
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 512

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This book offers new and exciting scholarship on the history of the Red Cross Movement by leading historians in the field. It re-imagines and re-evaluates the Red Cross as an institutional network and a key actor in the humanitarian space through two centuries of war and peace.

Author: Mauro Capocci
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031388054
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 229

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Author: Leo van Bergen
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN: 1498595774
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 217

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The Dutch East Indies Red Cross (NIRK) took action in 1873 when the Aceh War broke out, which lasted several decades. In this war the organization’s neutrality was tested, but it turned out not to be an issue. Neutrality was a concept for European wars between “civilized” countries, not applicable in colonial wars. As a consequence, aid was tailored to the needs of the Dutch East Indian Army. This also showed itself in a statutory change making aid not only possible during “war”’ but also in case of “uprising.” After the war ended several decades of “peace”—if peace is a proper term in colonial circumstances—followed. They were used to be prepared in case of an attack by a foreign enemy. For this “peace-work,” societal work of the Red Cross, was deemed important. This means that it was not an aim in itself, but seen as practice for the war task. It also had to avoid the Red Cross becoming invisible and lose popularity, for only with enough (wo)men active the war task could be fulfilled. When war came, preparation turned out to have been in vain. Japan quickly conquered the archipelago. It forbade the organization only making use of some local branches when this came in handy. However, it proved not to be the end of the NIRK. When after the war independence was declared by Indonesian nationalists, the Netherlands send an army “to restore law and order.” In the war that followed, Red Cross-work became part of military carrot-and-stick strategy, trying to get the population back on Dutch side, and hoping that patients would inform the doctor with military information. The Red Cross not only had a humanitarian but a national task to fulfill.

Author: Frederick Vettese
Publisher: ECW Press
ISBN: 1778522394
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 231

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Canada’s most trusted resource on retirement income, updated for tumultuous times As the global economy faces uncertainty in the face of high inflation — at levels seen only twice before in this century — and the specter of recession looms, individuals in retirement or near to it are understandably anxious about living well long-term. Canadians need the tools to make better-informed choices to turn their retirement savings into retirement income for life. This revised and updated edition: • Explains how higher interest rates and higher inflation present both new opportunities and challenges to retirees • Illustrates how the expansion of the CPP (which started in 2019) will affect upcoming retirees • Examines the impact of inflation on the deferral of CPP and OAS pensions • Explores whether level-income annuities are still relevant and asks whether there are better products on the market • Provides a revamped retirement calculator Actuary Frederick Vettese demystifies a complex and often frightening subject and provides practical, actionable advice. With over one thousand Canadians turning 65 every day, the cultivation of good decumulation practices — the way in which you draw down assets in retirement— has become an urgent matter that no one can afford to ignore.

Author: Sruthi S
Publisher: RED'SHINE Publication. Pvt. Ltd
ISBN: 9393239665
Category : Antiques & Collectibles
Languages : en
Pages : 301

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Author: Sir George MACKENZIE
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 56

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Author: Dirk Klimkeit
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031503457
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 716

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