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Author: Publisher: Amsterdam University Press ISBN: 9089641815 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 178
Book Description
Floods and fires, food safety, hazardous materials, infectious diseases, and many other threats to public health and the environment call for ongoing public alertness. However, the ways in which these safety risks are currently assessed and managed fall short in addressing the uncertainties of future threats. In this vital report, the Netherlands Scientific Council for Government Policy provides an exhaustive overview of the political, economic, and ethical dimensions of various risks and the safety policies aimed at reducing them.
Author: Publisher: Amsterdam University Press ISBN: 9089641815 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 178
Book Description
Floods and fires, food safety, hazardous materials, infectious diseases, and many other threats to public health and the environment call for ongoing public alertness. However, the ways in which these safety risks are currently assessed and managed fall short in addressing the uncertainties of future threats. In this vital report, the Netherlands Scientific Council for Government Policy provides an exhaustive overview of the political, economic, and ethical dimensions of various risks and the safety policies aimed at reducing them.
Author: Thomas Wenzel Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319729144 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 452
Book Description
This book addresses the psychosocial and medical issues of forced migration due to war, major disasters and political as well as climate changes. The topics are discussed in the context of public health and linked to organizational, legal and practical strategies that can offer guidance to professionals, as well as governmental and non-governmental organizations. Both internal and international displacement present substantial challenges that require new solutions and integrated approaches. Issues covered include an overview of current health challenges in the new refugee crises: medicine and mental health in disaster areas, long-term displacement and mental health, integration of legal, medical, social and health economic issues, children and unaccompanied minors, ethical challenges in service provision, short and long-term issues in host countries, models of crises intervention, critical issues, such as suicide prevention, new basic and “minimal” intervention models adapted to limited resources in psychosocial and mental health care, rebuilding of health care in post-disaster/conflict countries, training and burn-out prevention. The book was developed in collaboration with the World Psychiatric Association, and is endorsed by Fabio Grandi (UN High Commissioner for Refugees), Manfred Nowak (former UN Special Rapporteur for Torture), and Jorge Aroche (President of IRCT).
Author: Ellen Vos Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 113539153X Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 451
Book Description
The scientification of politics and the politicisation of science / Michelle Everson and Ellen Vos -- Opening pandora's box : contextualising the precautionary principle in the European Union / Elisabeth Fisher -- Uncertainties in regulating food safety in France / Julien Besanon and Olivier Borraz -- The origins of regulatory uncertainty in the UK food safety regime / Henry Rothstein -- The Dutch regulatory framework for food risk analysis based food law in the Netherlands / Bernd van der Meulen -- Food safety in Poland : standards, procedures and institutions / Aleksander Surdej and Karolina Zurek -- A default-logic model of factfinding for United States regulation of food safety / Vern Walker -- The French regulatory system on GMOs / Christine Noiville -- The UK regulatory system on GMOs : expanding the debate? / Maria Lee -- GMO regulation in the Netherlands : a story of hope, fear and the limits of poldering / Han Somsen -- The Polish regulatory system on GMOs : between EU influence and national nuances / Patrycja Dabrowska -- The regulation of environmental risks of GMOs in the United States / Michael Rodemeyer -- The EU regulatory system on food safety : between trust and safety / Ellen Vos -- The EU regulatory system for GMOs / Greg Shaffer and Mark Pollack -- European regulation of GMOs : thinking about judicial review in the WTO / Joanne Scott -- The Codex Alimentarius Commission and its food safety measures in the light of their new status / Marille matthee -- Three intimate tales of law and science : hope, despair and transcendence / Michelle Everson -- Science, knowledge and uncertainty in eu risk regulation / Marjolein van Asselt, Ellen Vos and Bram Rooijackers -- The role of scientific experts in risk regulation of foods / Harry Kuiper -- Inclusive risk governance through discourse, deliberation and participation / Andreas Klinke -- Sound science in the European and global market : Karl Polanyi in geneva / Christian Joerges.
Author: Scheerer, Max Publisher: KIT Scientific Publishing ISBN: 373151320X Category : Languages : en Pages : 472
Book Description
Although tremendous progress has been made in Artificial Intelligence (AI), it entails new challenges. The growing complexity of learning tasks requires more complex AI components, which increasingly exhibit unreliable behaviour. In this book, we present a model-driven approach to model architectural safeguards for AI components and analyse their effect on the overall system reliability.
Author: Chao Jiang Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 9811585466 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 291
Book Description
This book systematically discusses nonlinear interval optimization design theory and methods. Firstly, adopting a mathematical programming theory perspective, it develops an innovative mathematical transformation model to deal with general nonlinear interval uncertain optimization problems, which is able to equivalently convert complex interval uncertain optimization problems to simple deterministic optimization problems. This model is then used as the basis for various interval uncertain optimization algorithms for engineering applications, which address the low efficiency caused by double-layer nested optimization. Further, the book extends the nonlinear interval optimization theory to design problems associated with multiple optimization objectives, multiple disciplines, and parameter dependence, and establishes the corresponding interval optimization models and solution algorithms. Lastly, it uses the proposed interval uncertain optimization models and methods to deal with practical problems in mechanical engineering and related fields, demonstrating the effectiveness of the models and methods.
Author: Dragan Pamucar Publisher: MDPI ISBN: 3036515747 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 86
Book Description
Most real-world search and optimization problems naturally involve multiple criteria as objectives. Generally, symmetry, asymmetry, and anti-symmetry are basic characteristics of binary relationships used when modeling optimization problems. Moreover, the notion of symmetry has appeared in many articles about uncertainty theories that are employed in multi-criteria problems. Different solutions may produce trade-offs (conflicting scenarios) among different objectives. A better solution with respect to one objective may compromise other objectives. There are various factors that need to be considered to address the problems in multidisciplinary research, which is critical for the overall sustainability of human development and activity. In this regard, in recent decades, decision-making theory has been the subject of intense research activities due to its wide applications in different areas. The decision-making theory approach has become an important means to provide real-time solutions to uncertainty problems. Theories such as probability theory, fuzzy set theory, type-2 fuzzy set theory, rough set, and uncertainty theory, available in the existing literature, deal with such uncertainties. Nevertheless, the uncertain multi-criteria characteristics in such problems have not yet been explored in depth, and there is much left to be achieved in this direction. Hence, different mathematical models of real-life multi-criteria optimization problems can be developed in various uncertain frameworks with special emphasis on optimization problems.
Author: Louis Anthony Cox Jr. Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 0387890149 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 457
Book Description
In Risk Analysis of Complex and Uncertain Systems acknowledged risk authority Tony Cox shows all risk practitioners how Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) can be used to improve risk management decisions and policies. It develops and illustrates QRA methods for complex and uncertain biological, engineering, and social systems – systems that have behaviors that are just too complex to be modeled accurately in detail with high confidence – and shows how they can be applied to applications including assessing and managing risks from chemical carcinogens, antibiotic resistance, mad cow disease, terrorist attacks, and accidental or deliberate failures in telecommunications network infrastructure. This book was written for a broad range of practitioners, including decision risk analysts, operations researchers and management scientists, quantitative policy analysts, economists, health and safety risk assessors, engineers, and modelers.
Author: Karel Svačina Publisher: Masarykova univerzita ISBN: 8021093404 Category : Crafts & Hobbies Languages : en Pages : 191
Book Description
Tato kniha se zabývá sporem o plány na výstavbu hlubinného úložiště pro vysoce radioaktivní odpad v České republice. Od 90. let státní orgány vytipovaly několik míst, která by pro výstavbu úložiště mohla být vhodná. Záměr se však setkal s trvalým odporem dotčených obcí i neziskových organizací. Spor trvá bezmála dvě desetiletí, a dá se říci, že zatím nedošlo k výraznému posunu. Kniha podrobně rozebírá dotyčný spor na základě analýzy rozhovorů s klíčovými aktéry, pozorování z jednání a debat, vládních dokumentů či technických zpráv. S pomocí literatury vědních studií kniha analyzuje spor z hlediska toho, jak se v něm zachází s nejistotou a rizikem, a argumentuje pro posun z perspektivy založené na riziku směrem k perspektivě založené na nejistotě, jež by mohla pomoci spor odblokovat.
Author: Anthony O'Hagan Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 0470033304 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 338
Book Description
Elicitation is the process of extracting expert knowledge about some unknown quantity or quantities, and formulating that information as a probability distribution. Elicitation is important in situations, such as modelling the safety of nuclear installations or assessing the risk of terrorist attacks, where expert knowledge is essentially the only source of good information. It also plays a major role in other contexts by augmenting scarce observational data, through the use of Bayesian statistical methods. However, elicitation is not a simple task, and practitioners need to be aware of a wide range of research findings in order to elicit expert judgements accurately and reliably. Uncertain Judgements introduces the area, before guiding the reader through the study of appropriate elicitation methods, illustrated by a variety of multi-disciplinary examples. This is achieved by: Presenting a methodological framework for the elicitation of expert knowledge incorporating findings from both statistical and psychological research. Detailing techniques for the elicitation of a wide range of standard distributions, appropriate to the most common types of quantities. Providing a comprehensive review of the available literature and pointing to the best practice methods and future research needs. Using examples from many disciplines, including statistics, psychology, engineering and health sciences. Including an extensive glossary of statistical and psychological terms. An ideal source and guide for statisticians and psychologists with interests in expert judgement or practical applications of Bayesian analysis, Uncertain Judgements will also benefit decision-makers, risk analysts, engineers and researchers in the medical and social sciences.
Author: Hubmann, Constantin Publisher: KIT Scientific Publishing ISBN: 3731510391 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 178
Book Description
This work presents a behavior planning algorithm for automated driving in urban environments with an uncertain and dynamic nature. The algorithm allows to consider the prediction uncertainty (e.g. different intentions), perception uncertainty (e.g. occlusions) as well as the uncertain interactive behavior of the other agents explicitly. Simulating the most likely future scenarios allows to find an optimal policy online that enables non-conservative planning under uncertainty.
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Author: Thomas Wenzel
Author: Ellen Vos
Author: Scheerer, Max
Author: Chao Jiang
Author: Dragan Pamucar
Author: Louis Anthony Cox Jr.
Author: Karel Svačina
Author: Anthony O'Hagan
Author: Hubmann, Constantin