Typology and Ecological Classification of Lakes and Rivers PDF Download

Author:
Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers
ISBN: 9789289308243
Category : Lakes
Languages : en
Pages : 140

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Author: Saara Bäck
Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers
ISBN: 9789289307031
Category : Biodiversity
Languages : en
Pages : 100

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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789289456142
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 87

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This document, produced by Working Group 2.3 REFCOND, aims at guiding experts and stakeholders in the implementation of Directive 2000/60/EC establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy (the water framework directive). It focuses on the implementation of the Annexes II and V with special emphasis on inland surface waters and methods and principles for the establishment of reference conditions and class boundaries between high, good and moderate ecological status. The guidance will be useful for: establishing reference conditions and ecological status class boundaries for inland surface waters, and participating in the process as a stakeholder; leading and managing experts undertaking the ecological status analysis; using the results of the ecological status analysis for taking part to the policy making process; or reporting on the ecological status analysis to the European Union as required by the directive.

Author: Max M. Tilzer
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642840779
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 699

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The vast majority of the world's lakes are small in size and short lived in geological terms. Only 253 of the thousands of lakes on this planet have surface areas larger than 500 square kilometers. At first sight, this statistic would seem to indicate that large lakes are relatively unimportant on a global scale; in fact, however, large lakes contain the bulk of the liquid surface freshwater of the earth. Just Lake Baikal and the Laurentian Great Lakes alone contain more than 38% of the world's total liquid freshwater. Thus, the large lakes of the world accentuate an important feature of the earth's freshwater reserves-its extremely irregular distribution. The energy crisis of the 1970s and 1980s made us aware of the fact that we live on a spaceship with finite, that is, exhaustible resources. On the other hand, the energy crisis led to an overemphasis on all the issues concerning energy supply and all the problems connected with producing new energy. The energy crisis also led us to ignore strong evidence suggesting that water of appropriate quality to be used as a resouce will be used up more quickly than energy will. Although in principle water is a "renewable resource," the world's water reserves are diminishing in two fashions, the effects of which are multiplicative: enhanced consumption and accelerated degradation of quality.

Author: P.D. Armitage
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401107157
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 579

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The dipteran family Chironomidae is the most widely distributed and frequently the most abundant group of insects in freshwater, with rep resentatives in both terrestrial and marine environments. A very wide range of gradients of temperature, pH, oxygen concentration, salinity, current velocity, depth, productivity, altitude and latitude have been exploited, by at least some chironomid species, and in grossly polluted environments chironomids may be the only insects present. The ability to exist in such a wide range of conditions has been achieved largely by behavioural and physiological adaptations with relatively slight morphological changes. It has been estimated that the number of species world-wide may be as high as 15000. This high species diversity has been attributed to the antiquity of the family, relatively low vagility leading to isolation, and evolutionary plasticity. In many aquatic ecosystems the number of chironomid species present may account for at least 50% of the total macroinvertebrate species recorded. This species richness, wide distribution and tolerance to adverse conditions has meant that the group is frequently recorded in ecological studies but taxonomic difficulties have in the past prevented non-specialist identification beyond family or subfamily level. Recent works, including genetic studies, have meant that the family is receiving much more attention globally.

Author: Marja Ruoppa
Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers
ISBN: 9789289309400
Category : Freshwater ecology
Languages : en
Pages : 220

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Author: James H. Thorp
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0123748550
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 1036

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"The third edition of Ecology and Classification of North American Freshwater Invertebrates continues the tradition of in-depth coverage of the biology, ecology, phylogeny, and identification of freshwater invertebrates from the USA and Canada. This text serves as an authoritative single source for a broad coverage of the anatomy, physiology, ecology, and phylogeny of all major groups of invertebrates in inland waters of North America, north of Mexico." --Book Jacket.

Author: Gene E. Likens
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0123820030
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 478

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A derivative of the Encyclopedia of Inland Waters, Lake Ecosystem Ecology examines the workings of the lake and reservoir ecosystems of our planet. Information and perspectives crucial to the understanding and management of current environmental problems are covered, such as eutrophication, acid rain and climate change. Because the articles are drawn from an encyclopedia, the articles are easily accessible to interested members of the public, such as conservationists and environmental decision makers. - Includes an up-to-date summary of global aquatic ecosystems and issues - Covers current environmental problems and management solutions - Features full-color figures and tables to support the text and aid in understanding

Author: Erik Jeppesen
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461206952
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 442

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The rapid growth of the discipline of aquatic ecology has been driven both by scientific interest in the complexities of aquatic ecosystems and by their enormous environmental importance and sensitivity. This book focuses on the remarkably diverse roles played by underwater plants, and is divided into three parts: 10 thematic chapters, followed by 18 case studies, and rounded off by three integrative chapters. The topics range from macrophytes as fish food to macrophytes as mollusc and microbe habitat, making this of interest to aquatic ecologists as well as limnologists, ecosystem ecologists, microbial ecologists, fish biologists, and environmental managers.

Author:
Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers
ISBN: 9289316233
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 107

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