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Author: Mohammad Ghaedi Publisher: ISBN: Category : Terrorism Languages : en Pages : 175
Book Description
Most terrorist organizations are created and grow in tribal countries such as Iraq and Afghanistan. From the literature in social psychology, we know that groups impact individuals' behavior; therefore, tribes, as critical groups in the region, might influence their members' participation in (counter) terrorism. What, then, is the relationship between tribes and (counter) terrorism in Iraq? The literature of terrorism has covered various ideational, institutional, and individual variables, but there is a gap regarding tribes. This research attempts to fill this gap. It hypothesizes that, in Iraq, given tribal social identity, tribal values (such as honor, manhood, and bravery), tribal cohesion (asabiah), tribal conformity, obedience to tribe leaders (sheiks), and tribe members' perception of positive response (like support) or negative response (like ostracism) to conformity and obedience, tribe members are likely to participate in (counter) terrorism if their tribes demant it. To test these hypotheses, in-depth interviews with tribesmen in the south of Iran and Iraq were conducted and thematically analyzed. This study found that Iraqi tribesmen are likely to participate in (counter) terrorism upon their tribes' demand. The findings of this study are crucial due to their contribution to theory-building as well as their policy implications in deterring terrorism.
Author: Mohammad Ghaedi Publisher: ISBN: Category : Terrorism Languages : en Pages : 175
Book Description
Most terrorist organizations are created and grow in tribal countries such as Iraq and Afghanistan. From the literature in social psychology, we know that groups impact individuals' behavior; therefore, tribes, as critical groups in the region, might influence their members' participation in (counter) terrorism. What, then, is the relationship between tribes and (counter) terrorism in Iraq? The literature of terrorism has covered various ideational, institutional, and individual variables, but there is a gap regarding tribes. This research attempts to fill this gap. It hypothesizes that, in Iraq, given tribal social identity, tribal values (such as honor, manhood, and bravery), tribal cohesion (asabiah), tribal conformity, obedience to tribe leaders (sheiks), and tribe members' perception of positive response (like support) or negative response (like ostracism) to conformity and obedience, tribe members are likely to participate in (counter) terrorism if their tribes demant it. To test these hypotheses, in-depth interviews with tribesmen in the south of Iran and Iraq were conducted and thematically analyzed. This study found that Iraqi tribesmen are likely to participate in (counter) terrorism upon their tribes' demand. The findings of this study are crucial due to their contribution to theory-building as well as their policy implications in deterring terrorism.
Author: Abraham Kaplan Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1351484419 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 358
Book Description
The expansion and escalation of global terrorism has left populations across the world and decision-makers responsible for contending with it unprepared. This book, now in paperback, is the first attempt of its kind to create a manual of counter-terrorism measures on all the relevant operational levels. The author's main purpose is to give decision-makers the tools to make rational and effective decisions in both preventing and countering terrorism. The need to contend with terrorism can be found in almost every sphere of life: security, prevention and suppression of terrorism, legal and ethical dilemmas regarding democratic issues, such as the individual's human rights, intelligence interrogations, the right of the public to know, as well as coping with social, psychological, and media-related issues.
Author: Michael Clarke Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA ISBN: 0190922613 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 297
Book Description
China's problem with terrorism has historically been considered an outgrowth of Beijing's efforts to integrate the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region into the People's Republic of China. Since the end of the Cold War, however, this internal dynamic has converged with an evolving external environment, stimulating the development of linkages between Uyghur separatism and terrorism and broader terrorist movements in Central Asia, South Asia and the Middle East. This book brings together some of the leading experts on Chinese terrorism, offering the first systematic, scholarly assessment of the country's approaches to this threat. Four areas of investigation are looked at: the scope and nature of terrorism in China and its connection with developments in other regions; the development of legislative measures to combat terrorism; the institutional evolution of China's counter-terrorism bureaucracy; and Beijing's counter-terrorism cooperation with international partners.
Author: Committee on Homeland Security, House of Representatives, Subcommittee on Counterterrorism and Intel Publisher: Createspace Independent Pub ISBN: 9781477573853 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 30
Book Description
On August 26, 2011, a suicide bomber drove a vehicle-borne improvised explosive device (VBIED) into the United Nations (U.N.) headquarters in Abuja, Nigeria, killing 23 people and injuring more than 80 others.1 Responsibility for the bombing, one of the deadliest in the United Nations' history, was claimed by Boko Haram, an Islamist religious sect turned insurgent group based in the predominantly Muslim northern Nigeria. While this attack occurred inside Nigerian borders, it was the first time Boko Haram had targeted an international, non-Nigerian entity.
Author: Us National Security Council Publisher: Cosimo Reports ISBN: 9781646795765 Category : Languages : en Pages : 36
Book Description
"Together we must affirm that domestic terrorism has no place in our society." -President Joseph R. Biden, Jr., National Strategy for Countering Domestic Terrorism (June 2021) National Strategy for Countering Domestic Terrorism (June 2021) conveys the Biden Administration's view of domestic terrorism and strategy on how to deal with it. What is domestic terrorism? As defined by this report, it is based on a range of violent ideological motivations, including racial bigotry and anti-government feeling, and it can take several forms, from lone actors and small groups to violent militias.
Author: Brigitte Lebens Nacos Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield ISBN: 0742553795 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 264
Book Description
Mass-Mediated Terrorism, Second Edition, an in-depth look at terrorism, political violence, and mass media, shows how terrorists exploit global media networks and information highways to carry news of their violence along with 'propaganda of the deed.' To what extent is the media advancing or obstructing the propaganda and policy goals of terrorists and their targets? Has the Internet strengthened the hands of terrorists to organize, recruit, and spread propaganda? How have targets of terrorism used the media to manipulate public opinion and advance their own agendas? From U.S. cases to incidents abroad, this award-winning book explores the use of political violence for the sake of publicity, media coverage of counterterrorism policies and its affect on political decision making, and the impact of new media. This revised second edition, which includes a new chapter on public opinion, is updated with analysis of the Iraq war, increasing terrorist attacks abroad, and subsequent counterterrorism measures. It also contains new information on the Arab satellite network Al-Jazeera and the use of the Internet in terrorist efforts. Mass-Mediated Terrorism offers a blueprint both for effective public information and media relations during terrorism crises as well as for ethical news coverage of major terrorism incidents.
Author: Publisher: DIANE Publishing ISBN: 1428960821 Category : Languages : en Pages : 107
Book Description
In this paper, Michael Schmitt explores the legality of the attacks against Al Qaeda and the Taliban under the "jus ad bellum," that component of international law that governs when a State may resort to force as an instrument of national policy. Although States have conducted military counterterrorist operations in the past, the scale and scope of Operation Enduring Freedom may signal a sea change in strategies to defend against terrorism. This paper explores the normative limit on counterterrorist operations. Specifically, under what circumstances can a victim State react forcibly to an act of terrorism? Against whom? When? With what degree of severity? And for how long? The author contends that the attacks against Al Qaeda were legitimate exercises of the rights of individual and collective defense. They were necessary and proportional, and once the Taliban refused to comply with U.S. and United Nations demands to turn over the terrorists located in Afghanistan, it was legally appropriate for coalition forces to enter the country for the purpose of ending the ongoing Al Qaeda terrorist campaign. However, the attacks on the Taliban were less well grounded in traditional understandings of international law. Although the Taliban were clearly in violation of their legal obligation not to allow their territory to be used as a terrorist sanctuary, the author suggests that the degree and nature of the relationship between the Taliban and Al Qaeda may not have been such that the September 11 attacks could be attributed to the Taliban, thereby disallowing strikes against them in self-defense under traditional understandings of international law. Were the attacks, therefore, illegal? Not necessarily. Over the past half-century the international community's understanding of the international law governing the use of force by States has been continuously evolving. The author presents criteria likely to drive future assessments of the legality of counterterrorist operatio7.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : First responders Languages : en Pages : 103
Book Description
This Interagency Threat Assessment and Coordination Group (ITACG) Intelligence Guide for First Responders is designed to assist state, local, tribal law enforcement, firefighting, homeland security, and appropriate private sector personnel in accessing and understanding Federal counterterrorism, homeland security, and weapons of mass destruction intelligence reporting. Most of the information contained in this guide was compiled, derived, and adapted from existing Intelligence Community and open source references. The ITACG consists of state, local, and tribal first responders and federal intelligence analysts from the Department of Homeland Security and the Federal Bureau of Investigation, working at the National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC) to enhance the sharing of federal counterterrorism, homeland security, and weapons of mass destruction information with state, local, and tribal consumers of intelligence.
Author: Sue Mahan Publisher: SAGE Publications ISBN: 1506315852 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 745
Book Description
The Third Edition of Terrorism in Perspective, like its two successful predecessors, takes a broad-based approach that emphasizes the historical, cultural, political, religious, social, and economic factors that underlie an understanding of both global and domestic terrorism. This unique text-reader combines original essays with the best of the existing literature on terrorism. Each chapter of this text begins with an overview essay written by the authors, followed by two relevant and engaging articles culled from a wide variety of popular, academic, and governmental sources. This is the only major terrorism text to incorporate readings from top terrorism experts into a traditional textbook format, allowing readers to deepen their understanding of each aspect of terrorism.
Author: Mohammad Ghaedi
Author: Mohammad Ghaedi
Author: 
Author: Abraham Kaplan
Author: Michael Clarke
Author: Committee on Homeland Security, House of Representatives, Subcommittee on Counterterrorism and Intel
Author: Us National Security Council
Author: Brigitte Lebens Nacos
Author: 
Author: 
Author: Sue Mahan