Author: Sandra Joanne GrinterPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aquatic mammals
Languages : en
Pages : 410
Book Description
Trends in Coarse Particulate Organic Matter Dynamics and Aquatic Macroinvertebrate Assemblages Along a Gradient of Riparian Vegetation in Three Sub-tropical New South Wales Streams
Author: Sandra Joanne GrinterPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aquatic mammals
Languages : en
Pages : 410
Book Description
Macroinvertebrate Assemblages Associated with Detritus in Streams of Contrasting Catchment Land Use
Author: John F. MurphyPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Stream ecology
Languages : en
Pages : 191
Book Description
The increase in new conifer forest cover in the Irish landscape over the last twenty years has caused much concern with regard to its potential impacts on catchment water quality. Most of the conifer plantations are situated in upland regions, drained by headwater streams. The impact of coniferous monocultures on stream hydrochemistry, particularly pH and related aluminium concentrations has been the focus of much research. However conifer plantations can potentially influence the energy supply riparian zone. Of specific concern in this study was the manner in which streams with coniferous riparian zones differ from those with mixed deciduous riparian vegetation. The characteristics of the detritivore assemblages of such streams were investigated. Initially the seasonal variation in suspended detritus in two streams of contrasting riparian vegetation was monitored using regularly emptied detritus traps. The stream flowing through the conifer plantation (Streamhill West) carried significantly lower concentrations of detritus than the deciduous stream (Glenfinnish R.). Woody fragments made the greatest annual contribution to detrital mass in both streams. In the coniferous stream, willow and birch were the only abundant deciduous leaves. Conifer needles, grasses and coarse particulate organic matter > 1 mm were also consistently present in the stream. In the deciduous stream, leaves dominated the non-woody detritus throughout the year, particularly oak, hazel, beech, birch and willow. During the summer, holly and coarse particulate organic matter >1mm were the most important fraction. This study found definite differences between the macroinvertebrate assemblages of the coniferous and deciduous streams. However the influence of stream hydrochemistry and land-use history at both sites complicate the question of whether the conifer plantations are having a deleterious impact on the stream macroinvertebrates.
The Ecology and Management of Aquatic-terrestrial Ecotones
Author: Robert J. NaimanPublisher: Bernan Press(PA)
ISBN: 9789231026683
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 336
Book Description
Land-use Changes and the Physical Habitat of Streams
Author: Robert B. JacobsonPublisher: Geological Survey (USGS)
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 76
Book Description
Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
Author: K. Ramesh ReddyPublisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0429531931
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 926
Book Description
The globally important nature of wetland ecosystems has led to their increased protection and restoration as well as their use in engineered systems. Underpinning the beneficial functions of wetlands are a unique suite of physical, chemical, and biological processes that regulate elemental cycling in soils and the water column. This book provides an in-depth coverage of these wetland biogeochemical processes related to the cycling of macroelements including carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur, secondary and trace elements, and toxic organic compounds. In this synthesis, the authors combine more than 100 years of experience studying wetlands and biogeochemistry to look inside the black box of elemental transformations in wetland ecosystems. This new edition is updated throughout to include more topics and provide an integrated view of the coupled nature of biogeochemical cycles in wetland systems. The influence of the elemental cycles is discussed at a range of scales in the context of environmental change including climate, sea level rise, and water quality. Frequent examples of key methods and major case studies are also included to help the reader extend the basic theories for application in their own system. Some of the major topics discussed are: Flooded soil and sediment characteristics Aerobic-anaerobic interfaces Redox chemistry in flooded soil and sediment systems Anaerobic microbial metabolism Plant adaptations to reducing conditions Regulators of organic matter decomposition and accretion Major nutrient sources and sinks Greenhouse gas production and emission Elemental flux processes Remediation of contaminated soils and sediments Coupled C-N-P-S processes Consequences of environmental change in wetlands# The book provides the foundation for a basic understanding of key biogeochemical processes and its applications to solve real world problems. It is detailed, but also assists the reader with box inserts, artfully designed diagrams, and summary tables all supported by numerous current references. This book is an excellent resource for senior undergraduates and graduate students studying ecosystem biogeochemistry with a focus in wetlands and aquatic systems.
Nutrient Criteria Technical Guidance Manual
Author: Methods in Stream Ecology
Author: F. Richard HauerPublisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0080547435
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 894
Book Description
Methods in Stream Ecology, Second Edition, provides a complete series of field and laboratory protocols in stream ecology that are ideal for teaching or conducting research. This updated edition reflects recent advances in the technology associated with ecological assessment of streams, including remote sensing. In addition, the relationship between stream flow and alluviation has been added, and a new chapter on riparian zones is also included. The book features exercises in each chapter; detailed instructions, illustrations, formulae, and data sheets for in-field research for students; and taxanomic keys to common stream invertebrates and algae. With a student-friendly price, this book is key for all students and researchers in stream and freshwater ecology, freshwater biology, marine ecology, and river ecology. This text is also supportive as a supplementary text for courses in watershed ecology/science, hydrology, fluvial geomorphology, and landscape ecology. Exercises in each chapter Detailed instructions, illustrations, formulae, and data sheets for in-field research for students Taxanomic keys to common stream invertebrates and algae Link from Chapter 22: FISH COMMUNITY COMPOSITION to an interactive program for assessing and modeling fish numbers
Relations Among Hydrology, Soils, and Vegetation in Riparian Meadows
Author: Kathleen A. DwirePublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Humus
Languages : en
Pages : 336
Book Description
Organic matter dynamics in riparian ecosystems are largely driven by interactions among hydrology, soil, and vegetation. In two riparian meadows, northeast Oregon, I examined the hypothesis that vegetation and soil characteristics in three plant communities - defined as wet, moist, and dry meadow - were strongly influenced by hydrological and redox variables associated with the geomorphological position of each community on the floodplain. Along short transects that extended from stream-side wet communities to terrace dry communities, I sampled plant species composition, biomass, and soil; calculated carbon and nitrogen pools; and monitored water table elevation, soil redox potential, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrate-nitrogen (nitrate-N) in shallow ground water. Strong gradients in water table elevation and soil redox potential existed along the transects. Water table elevation followed seasonal patterns of stream stage, and was consistently highest in wet communities, intermediate in moist communities, and lowest in dry communities. Soil redox potential indicated seasonal anaerobic conditions ([less than or equal to] 300 mV) in the wet and moist communities, and year-round aerobic conditions in the dry communities. Plant communities differed markedly in species richness (dry> moist> wet), total biomass (wet> moist> dry), and ratios of belowground-to-aboveground biomass (wet> moist> dry). Soil carbon and nitrogen pools were highest in dry communities and similar in wet and moist communities. Vegetation and soil characteristics were strongly correlated to median water table elevation and redox potential. Ecosystem (biomass + soil) carbon ranged from 7.01 to 11.7 kg/m2, with [approximately] 2 to 4 % in aboveground biomass, [approximately] 2 to 23% in belowground biomass, and [approximately] 81 to 95% in soil. Ecosystem nitrogen ranged from 0.035 to 0.093 kg/m2, with [approximately] 0.7 to 1.6 % in aboveground biomass, [approximately] 1.5 to 6 % in belowground biomass, and [approximately] 94 to 98% in soil. In shallow ground water, concentrations of DOC and nitrate-N were two to six times greater than in stream water, with highest values in wet communities. Collectively, these results indicate that, in unconstrained reaches, water table elevation and soil redox potential strongly influence distribution of plant species, and dynamics and storage of organic matter.
The National Hydrography Dataset
Author: Riparian Areas
Author: National Research CouncilPublisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309082951
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 449
Book Description
The Clean Water Act (CWA) requires that wetlands be protected from degradation because of their important ecological functions including maintenance of high water quality and provision of fish and wildlife habitat. However, this protection generally does not encompass riparian areasâ€"the lands bordering rivers and lakesâ€"even though they often provide the same functions as wetlands. Growing recognition of the similarities in wetland and riparian area functioning and the differences in their legal protection led the NRC in 1999 to undertake a study of riparian areas, which has culminated in Riparian Areas: Functioning and Strategies for Management. The report is intended to heighten awareness of riparian areas commensurate with their ecological and societal values. The primary conclusion is that, because riparian areas perform a disproportionate number of biological and physical functions on a unit area basis, restoration of riparian functions along America's waterbodies should be a national goal.