Treatment of Pulp Mill Sludges by Supercritical Water Oxidation PDF Download
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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 60
Book Description
Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) is new process that can oxidize organics very effectively at moderate temperatures (400 to 650°C) and high pressure (3700 psi). It is an environmentally acceptable alternative for sludge treatment. In bench scale tests, total organic carbon (TOC) and total organic halide (TOX) reductions of 99 to 99.9% were obtained; dioxin reductions were 95 to 99.9%. A conceptual design for commercial systems has been completed and preliminary economics have been estimated. Comparisons confirm that SCWO is less costly than dewatering plus incineration for treating pulp mill sludges. SCWO can also compete effectively with dewatering plus landfilling where tipping fees exceed $35/yd3. In some regions of the US, tipping fees are now $75/yd3 and rising steadily. In the 1995 to 2000 time frame, SCWO has a good chance of becoming the method of choice. MODEC's objective is to bring the technology to commercial availability by 1993. 10 refs., 6 figs., 19 tabs.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 60
Book Description
Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) is new process that can oxidize organics very effectively at moderate temperatures (400 to 650°C) and high pressure (3700 psi). It is an environmentally acceptable alternative for sludge treatment. In bench scale tests, total organic carbon (TOC) and total organic halide (TOX) reductions of 99 to 99.9% were obtained; dioxin reductions were 95 to 99.9%. A conceptual design for commercial systems has been completed and preliminary economics have been estimated. Comparisons confirm that SCWO is less costly than dewatering plus incineration for treating pulp mill sludges. SCWO can also compete effectively with dewatering plus landfilling where tipping fees exceed $35/yd3. In some regions of the US, tipping fees are now $75/yd3 and rising steadily. In the 1995 to 2000 time frame, SCWO has a good chance of becoming the method of choice. MODEC's objective is to bring the technology to commercial availability by 1993. 10 refs., 6 figs., 19 tabs.
Author: Pratima Bajpai Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319117882 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 208
Book Description
Pulp and paper mill industries are always associated with the disposal problem of highly contaminated sludge or bio-solids. The development of innovative systems to maximize recovery of useful materials and/or energy in a sustainable way has become necessary. The management of wastes, in particular of industrial waste, in an economically and environmentally acceptable manner is one of the most critical issues facing modern industry, mainly due to the increased difficulties in properly locating disposal works and complying with even more stringent environmental quality requirements imposed by legislation. This book presents a general Introduction on waste management in the pulp and paper industry and contains topics on the generation of waste in pulp and paper mills, waste composition, methods of sludge pre-treatment, processes and technologies for conversion of pulp and paper mill waste into valuable products, waste reduction techniques employed in the pulp and paper Industry worldwide and future trends.
Author: Walter Z. Tang Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 0203506219 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 608
Book Description
This book examines the treatability of hazardous wastes by different physicochemical treatment processes according to the Quantitative Structure and Activity Relationship (QSAR) between kinetic rate constants and molecular descriptors. The author explores how to use these models to select treatment processes according to the molecular structure of
Author: Gerd Brunner Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0444594183 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 683
Book Description
Hydrothermal and Supercritical Water Processes presents an overview on the properties and applications of water at elevated temperatures and pressures. It combines fundamentals with production process aspects. Water is an extraordinary substance. At elevated temperatures (and pressures) its properties change dramatically due to the modifications of the molecular structure of bulk water that varies from a stable three-dimensional network, formed by hydrogen bonds at low and moderate temperatures, to an assembly of separated polar water molecules at high and supercritical temperatures. With varying pressure and temperature, water is turned from a solvent for ionic species to a solvent for polar and non-polar substances. This variability and an enhanced reactivity of water have led to many practical applications and to even more research activities, related to such areas as energy transfer, extraction of functional molecules, unique chemical reactions, biomass conversion and fuel materials processing, destruction of dangerous compounds and recycling of useful ones, growth of monolithic crystals, and preparation of metallic nanoparticles. This book provides an introduction into the wide range of activities that are possible in aqueous mixtures. It is organized to facilitate understanding of the main features, outlines the main applications, and gives access to further information - Summarizes fundamental properties of water for engineering applications - Compares process and reactor designs - Evaluates processes from thermodynamic, economic, and social impact viewpoints
Author: J. Russell Boulding Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1351449982 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 418
Book Description
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) publishes several series of documents that provide up-to-date information about environmental site assessment and remediation. The EPA Environmental Engineering Sourcebook includes papers and bulletins that focus on remediation of soil and groundwater, making them available in a convenient form. This book compiles thirty-five documents- written by recognized leaders - on major methods and promising new techniques for hazardous waste treatment and site remediation. Each chapter evaluates the type of contaminant and site characteristics needed to select a technology for use at hazardous waste sites. The EPA Environmental Engineering Sourcebook presents EPA documents in an easy-to-use, concise format. It contains numerous graphs, charts and figures that make it an important resource for those involved in environmental protection, site remediation, and site assessment. Features Contains chapters written by recognized leaders Examines major methods as well as assesses new techniques for hazardous waste treatment and site remediation Presents information in an easy-to-use, concise format Evaluates each type of contaminant and site characteristics for selecting technology at hazardous waste sites
Author: Purdue Research Foundation Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1000716635 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 696
Book Description
The 52nd Purdue Industrial Waste Conference showcased 18 sessions on subjects such as biological aspects, physical-chemical aspects, oil and petroleum wastes, management and reuse strategies, international activities, and pollution prevention. This book compiles the work of nearly 200 international experts, covering the latest practical techniques, advanced research, new methods, actual operating data, and important case studies.
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Author: Pratima Bajpai
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Author: Alia Ali Mubarak Busamra
Author: Walter Z. Tang
Author: Gerd Brunner
Author: J. Russell Boulding
Author: Chanin Tongdhamachart
Author: Purdue Research Foundation