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TRANSFERTS RIVIERE NAPPE ET EFFET FILTRE DES BERGES APPLICATION AUX TRANSFERTS DE L'AZOTE

TRANSFERTS RIVIERE NAPPE ET EFFET FILTRE DES BERGES APPLICATION AUX TRANSFERTS DE L'AZOTE PDF Author: Claude Doussan
Publisher:
ISBN: 9782900788240
Category : Runoff
Languages : fr
Pages : 210

Book Description
LE PROBLEME DE POLLUTIONS, A CARACTERE CHRONIQUE OU ACCIDENTEL, DES FLEUVES ET COURS D'EAU CONDUIT A PRECISER LEUR IMPACT SUR LES AQUIFERES REALIMENTES PAR CES COURS D'EAU. CE POINT DEVIENT CRUCIAL QUAND DES FORAGES AEP SONT IMPLANTES A PROXIMITE DES BERGES. LA PRESENTE ETUDE VISE A DEFINIR LE CONTEXTE HYDRODYNAMIQUE ET BIOGEOCHIMIQUE DES TRANSFERTS RIVIERE-NAPPE (FILTRATION PAR LES BERGES) DANS LE CAS D'UN SYSTEME FORTEMENT ANTHROPISE (CHAMP CAPTANT SITUE LE LONG DE LA SEINE, EN AVAL DE PARIS), EN ETUDIANT PLUS PARTICULIEREMENT, DANS CE CONTEXTE, L'EVOLUTION DES DIVERSES FORMES DE L'AZOTE. UNE PARCELLE EXPERIMENTALE A DONC ETE EQUIPEE D'UN RESEAU PIEZOMETRIQUE AFIN DE SUIVRE L'EVOLUTION CHIMIQUE DU FILTRAT DANS LES DIVERS HORIZONS DE L'AQUIFERE. SUR CE SITE D'ETUDE, L'HYDRODYNAMIQUE DU TRANSFERT RIVIERE-NAPPE, ET SES HETEROGENEITES, ONT ETE MIS A JOUR GRACE A DES MESURES DE TERRAIN ET UNE MODELISATION HYDROTHERMIQUE. D'AUTRE PART, AU NIVEAU GEOCHIMIQUE, LES EXPERIMENTATIONS DE TERRAIN ET DE LABORATOIRE MONTRENT QUE L'ESSENTIEL DE L'EVOLUTION DE LA COMPOSITION DE L'EAU LORS DU TRANSFERT S'EFFECTUE PENDANT LE PREMIER METRE DE PERCOLATION DANS LES SEDIMENTS DU LIT DU FLEUVE. CETTE EVOLUTION EST LARGEMENT TRIBUTAIRE DE L'ACTIVITE MINERALISATRICE BACTERIENNE, QUI APPARAIT INTENSE SUR CE SITE (DE LA RESPIRATION AEROBIE A LA METHANOGENESE) ET EN RELATION AVEC LES APPORTS IMPORTANTS EN MATIERE ORGANIQUE D'ORIGINE ANTHROPIQUE. L'AQUIFERE, POUR SA PART, JOUE UN ROLE TAMPON VIS-A-VIS DE CES VARIATIONS PHYSICO-CHIMIQUES QUI EST A RELIER A DES PROCESSUS DE PRECIPITATION/DISSOLUTION, D'ADSORPTION OU DE DILUTION. L'ENSEMBLE DE CES MECANISMES CONCOURT A L'ETABLISSEMENT DE CONDITIONS SEVEREMENT REDUCTRICES, PERMANENTES, DANS L'AQUIFERE. L'EVOLUTION DE L'AZOTE EST ICI MARQUEE PAR UNE DENITRIFICATION TOTALE DE L'EAU DU FLEUVE S'INFILTRANT DANS LES SEDIMENTS TANDIS QUE L'AMMONIUM S'ACCUMULE DANS CES DERNIERS ET POSE LE PROBLEME DE SON TRANSFERT VERS LES CAPTAGES. UN MODELE CONCEPTUEL, DEBOUCHANT SUR UN MODELE NUMERIQUE, DE LA FILTRATION PAR LES BERGES COUPLANT LE TRANSPORT CONVECTO-DISPERSIF ET LA MINERALISATION BACTERIENNE DE LA MATIERE ORGANIQUE, PERMET DE RENDRE COMPTE DES PRINCIPAUX PROCESSUS RENCONTRES, D'ANALYSER LES FACTEURS IMPORTANTS DU TRANSFERT, ET DE TIRER QUELQUES CONCLUSIONS SUR L'EXPLOITATION AEP DU COMPLEXE ALLUVIAL RIVIERE-NAPPE

TRANSFERTS RIVIERE NAPPE ET EFFET FILTRE DES BERGES APPLICATION AUX TRANSFERTS DE L'AZOTE

TRANSFERTS RIVIERE NAPPE ET EFFET FILTRE DES BERGES APPLICATION AUX TRANSFERTS DE L'AZOTE PDF Author: Claude Doussan
Publisher:
ISBN: 9782900788240
Category : Runoff
Languages : fr
Pages : 210

Book Description
LE PROBLEME DE POLLUTIONS, A CARACTERE CHRONIQUE OU ACCIDENTEL, DES FLEUVES ET COURS D'EAU CONDUIT A PRECISER LEUR IMPACT SUR LES AQUIFERES REALIMENTES PAR CES COURS D'EAU. CE POINT DEVIENT CRUCIAL QUAND DES FORAGES AEP SONT IMPLANTES A PROXIMITE DES BERGES. LA PRESENTE ETUDE VISE A DEFINIR LE CONTEXTE HYDRODYNAMIQUE ET BIOGEOCHIMIQUE DES TRANSFERTS RIVIERE-NAPPE (FILTRATION PAR LES BERGES) DANS LE CAS D'UN SYSTEME FORTEMENT ANTHROPISE (CHAMP CAPTANT SITUE LE LONG DE LA SEINE, EN AVAL DE PARIS), EN ETUDIANT PLUS PARTICULIEREMENT, DANS CE CONTEXTE, L'EVOLUTION DES DIVERSES FORMES DE L'AZOTE. UNE PARCELLE EXPERIMENTALE A DONC ETE EQUIPEE D'UN RESEAU PIEZOMETRIQUE AFIN DE SUIVRE L'EVOLUTION CHIMIQUE DU FILTRAT DANS LES DIVERS HORIZONS DE L'AQUIFERE. SUR CE SITE D'ETUDE, L'HYDRODYNAMIQUE DU TRANSFERT RIVIERE-NAPPE, ET SES HETEROGENEITES, ONT ETE MIS A JOUR GRACE A DES MESURES DE TERRAIN ET UNE MODELISATION HYDROTHERMIQUE. D'AUTRE PART, AU NIVEAU GEOCHIMIQUE, LES EXPERIMENTATIONS DE TERRAIN ET DE LABORATOIRE MONTRENT QUE L'ESSENTIEL DE L'EVOLUTION DE LA COMPOSITION DE L'EAU LORS DU TRANSFERT S'EFFECTUE PENDANT LE PREMIER METRE DE PERCOLATION DANS LES SEDIMENTS DU LIT DU FLEUVE. CETTE EVOLUTION EST LARGEMENT TRIBUTAIRE DE L'ACTIVITE MINERALISATRICE BACTERIENNE, QUI APPARAIT INTENSE SUR CE SITE (DE LA RESPIRATION AEROBIE A LA METHANOGENESE) ET EN RELATION AVEC LES APPORTS IMPORTANTS EN MATIERE ORGANIQUE D'ORIGINE ANTHROPIQUE. L'AQUIFERE, POUR SA PART, JOUE UN ROLE TAMPON VIS-A-VIS DE CES VARIATIONS PHYSICO-CHIMIQUES QUI EST A RELIER A DES PROCESSUS DE PRECIPITATION/DISSOLUTION, D'ADSORPTION OU DE DILUTION. L'ENSEMBLE DE CES MECANISMES CONCOURT A L'ETABLISSEMENT DE CONDITIONS SEVEREMENT REDUCTRICES, PERMANENTES, DANS L'AQUIFERE. L'EVOLUTION DE L'AZOTE EST ICI MARQUEE PAR UNE DENITRIFICATION TOTALE DE L'EAU DU FLEUVE S'INFILTRANT DANS LES SEDIMENTS TANDIS QUE L'AMMONIUM S'ACCUMULE DANS CES DERNIERS ET POSE LE PROBLEME DE SON TRANSFERT VERS LES CAPTAGES. UN MODELE CONCEPTUEL, DEBOUCHANT SUR UN MODELE NUMERIQUE, DE LA FILTRATION PAR LES BERGES COUPLANT LE TRANSPORT CONVECTO-DISPERSIF ET LA MINERALISATION BACTERIENNE DE LA MATIERE ORGANIQUE, PERMET DE RENDRE COMPTE DES PRINCIPAUX PROCESSUS RENCONTRES, D'ANALYSER LES FACTEURS IMPORTANTS DU TRANSFERT, ET DE TIRER QUELQUES CONCLUSIONS SUR L'EXPLOITATION AEP DU COMPLEXE ALLUVIAL RIVIERE-NAPPE

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