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Author: Soroush Tahmasebi Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Multi-cellular organisms generate functional and morphological diversity in their cells through spatiotemporal regulation of gene expression. Gene expression is regulated through multiple mechanisms at the levels of transcription, translation, and degradation. During my PhD studies, I examined transcription factor-induced somatic-to-induced pluripotent stem cell reprogramming. For this, I adopted two different strategies that are based on transcriptional regulation by post-translational modification and translational control by the translational repressor 4E-BP. Specifically, in the project described in Chapter III, I studied the role of sumoylation in controlling the transcriptional activity of KLF4, KLF2, and KLF5 during reprogramming and adipocyte differentiation. I also explored the role of Ubc9, the sole SUMO-conjugating enzyme, in reprogramming and adipogenesis. These results and a comprehensive review of related studies, presented in Chapter I, have ...
Author: Soroush Tahmasebi Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Multi-cellular organisms generate functional and morphological diversity in their cells through spatiotemporal regulation of gene expression. Gene expression is regulated through multiple mechanisms at the levels of transcription, translation, and degradation. During my PhD studies, I examined transcription factor-induced somatic-to-induced pluripotent stem cell reprogramming. For this, I adopted two different strategies that are based on transcriptional regulation by post-translational modification and translational control by the translational repressor 4E-BP. Specifically, in the project described in Chapter III, I studied the role of sumoylation in controlling the transcriptional activity of KLF4, KLF2, and KLF5 during reprogramming and adipocyte differentiation. I also explored the role of Ubc9, the sole SUMO-conjugating enzyme, in reprogramming and adipogenesis. These results and a comprehensive review of related studies, presented in Chapter I, have ...
Author: Marianne Grunberg-Manago Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0444601244 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 537
Book Description
Interaction of Translational and Transcriptional Controls in the Regulation of Gene Expression presents the proceedings of the Fogarty International Conference on Translational/Transcriptional Regulation of Gene Expression, held at the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland, on April 7-9, 1982. Speakers discussed the molecular strategies at work during the modulation of gene expression following transcriptional initiation. They also discussed recent developments in a number of key areas in which transcriptional and translational components interact. Organized into five sections encompassing 36 chapters, this volume explores both prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems, as well as structure-function correlations. It begins with an overview of translational/transcriptional controls in prokaryotes, the regulation of gene expression by transcription termination and RNA processing, and the structure and expression of initiation factor genes. It then examines the effect of the codon context on translational fidelity, including mistranslation of messenger RNA; protein synthesis for the construction of cell architecture; regulation of initiation factor activity; and translational regulation in cells. This book is a valuable resource for Fogarty International Scholars who want to broaden their knowledge and contribute their expertise to the National Institutes of Health community.
Author: Eric Jan Publisher: Biota Publishing ISBN: 1615046313 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 106
Book Description
Protein synthesis is a fundamental aspect of gene expression across kingdoms. The regulation of translation is important for many biological processes including cell fate determination, development, and growth and is especially crucial to maintain cellular homeostasis during cellular stress and virus infection. Misregulation of protein translation can contribute to diseases such as diabetes, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. In this chapter, we highlight the basic understanding of eukaryotic translation and the major regulations that control biological events. We focus on signaling pathways that regulate overall protein synthesis and also mechanisms that control translation of specific mRNAs such as cis-acting elements within the 5' and 3 untranslated regions (UTR). Understanding these mechanisms provide insights into the fundamental gene regulations that may provide new targets for combating disease and virus infections.
Author: Witold Filipowicz Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9400903537 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 419
Book Description
A recent volume of this series (Signals and Signal Transduction Pathways in Plants (K. Palme, ed.) Plant Molecular Biology 26, 1237-1679) described the relay races by which signals are transported in plants from the sites of stimuli to the gene expression machinery of the cell. Part of this machinery, the transcription apparatus, has been well studied in the last two decades, and many important mechanisms controlling gene expression at the transcriptional level have been elucidated. However, control of gene expression is by no means complete once the RNA has been produced. Important regulatory devices determine the maturation and usage of mRNA and the fate of its translation product. Post-transcriptional regulation is especially important for generating a fast response to environmental and intracellular signals. This book summarizes recent progress in the area of post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in plants. 18 chapters of the book address problems of RNA processing and stability, regulation of translation, protein folding and degradation, as well as intracellular and cell-to-cell transport of proteins and nucleic acids. Several chapters are devoted to the processes taking place in plant organelles.
Author: Nahum Sonenberg Publisher: CSHL Press ISBN: 9780879696184 Category : Gene expression Languages : en Pages : 1034
Book Description
Since the 1996 publication of Translational Control, there has been fresh interest in protein synthesis and recognition of the key role of translation control mechanisms in regulating gene expression. This new monograph updates and expands the scope of the earlier book but it also takes a fresh look at the field. In a new format, the first eight chapters provide broad overviews, while each of the additional twenty-eight has a focus on a research topic of more specific interest. The result is a thoroughly up-to-date account of initiation, elongation, and termination of translation, control mechanisms in development in response to extracellular stimuli, and the effects on the translation machinery of virus infection and disease. This book is essential reading for students entering the field and an invaluable resource for investigators of gene expression and its control.
Author: J. Ilan Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461528941 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 508
Book Description
This book, which results from the dramatic increase in interest in the control mechanism employed in gene expression and the importance of the regulated proteins, presents new information not covered in Translational Regulation of Gene Expression, which was published in 1987. It is not a revision of the earlier book but, rather, an extension of that volume witl, special emphasis on mecha nIsm. As the reader will discover, there is enormous diversity in the systems employing genes for translational regulation in order to regulate the appearance of the final product-the protein. Thus, we find that important proteins such as protooncogenes, growth factors, stress proteins, cytokines, lymphokines, iron storage and iron-uptake proteins, and a panorama of prokaryotic proteins, as well as eukaryotic viral proteins, are translationally regulated. Since for some gene products the degree of control is greater by a few orders of magnitude than their transcription, we can state that for these genes, at least, the expression is translationall y controlled. Translational regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes has emerged in the last few years as a major research field. The present book describes mechanisms of translational regulation in bacteria, yeast, and eukaryotic viruses, as well as in eukaryotic genes. In this book we try to provide in-depth coverage by including important examples from each group rather than systematically including all additional systems not described in the previous volume.
Author: Asuka Eguchi Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Artificial transcription factors (ATFs) are precision-tailored molecules designed to bind DNA and regulate transcription in a pre-programmed manner. Libraries of ATFs enable the high-throughput screening of gene networks that trigger cell fate decisions or phenotypic changes. I developed a genome-scale library of ATFs capable of sampling thousands of genomic sites in parallel. The ATF scaffold is comprised of three zinc fingers, an activation domain, and an interaction domain that enables cooperative assembly and synergistic gene expression at targeted sites. We used this gene-activating ATF library in four different contexts: 1) induction of pluripotency, 2) differentiation to cardiomyocytes, 3) differentiation to hematopoietic lineages, and 4) activation of cytomegalovirus genes. Integration of ATF binding preferences with global transcriptional profiling aids in the identification of key nodes of the transcriptional network that trigger cell fate conversions. Using different types of engineered DNA binding factors, we can control transcriptional networks and epigenetic landscapes to alter cell identity. This forward genetics approach enables cell type conversions without a priori knowledge of underlying transcriptional networks that govern complex cell phenotypes.
Author: Soroush Tahmasebi
Author: Soroush Tahmasebi
Author: Bruce Alberts
Author: Marianne Grunberg-Manago
Author: Eric Jan
Author: Witold Filipowicz
Author: Nahum Sonenberg
Author: J. Ilan
Author: Asuka Eguchi
Author: Society for Developmental Biology. Symposium
Author: Stefania Petricca