Structural change, fundamentals, and growth: a framework and case studies PDF Download

Author: McMillan, Margaret
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN: 0896292142
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 323

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Book Description

Author: Myriam Benlamlih
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Industrial productivity
Languages : en
Pages : 118

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Book Description

Author: Khalid ElFayoumi
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 148434698X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 41

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Book Description
Institutional and market frictions impose costs on the reallocation of labor from low to high productivity sectors, leading to suboptimal allocations and a loss in aggregate labor productivity. Using cross-country sector-level data, we use a dynamic panel error correction model to compute the speed of sectoral labor adjustment, as well as the contribution of structural reforms in governance, labor and product markets, trade and openness, and the financial sector to lowering the costs of labor reallocation. We find that, on average, sectoral employment shares converge towards equilibrium allocations, closing about 13.7 percent of labor productivity gaps each year; this speed of labor adjustment varies across sectors and income groups. On structural reforms, we find a significant association between more efficient labor reallocation and financial market liberalization, less bureaucracy, strong judicial and regulatory environment, trade liberalization, better education and more flexible labor and product markets.

Author: Romain Wacziarg
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 9781788111492
Category : Free trade
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
This compelling two-volume collection presents the major literary contributions to the economic analysis of the consequences of trade liberalization on growth, productivity, labor market outcomes and economic inequality. Examining the classical theories that stress gains from trade stemming from comparative advantage, the selection also comprises more recent theories of imperfect competition, where any potential gains from trade can stem from competitive effects or the international transmission of knowledge. Empirical contributions provide evidence regarding the explanatory power of these various theories, including work on the effects of trade openness on economic growth, wages, and income inequality, as well as evidence on the effects of trade on firm productivity, entry and exit. Prefaced by an original introduction from the editor, the collection will to be an invaluable research resource for academics, practitioners and those drawn to this fascinating topic.

Author: Aaditya Mattoo
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 38

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Book Description
The competitiveness of firms in open economies is increasingly determined by access to low-cost and high-quality producer services - telecommunications, transport and distribution services, financial intermediation, etc. This paper discusses the role of services in economic growth, focusing in particular on channels through which openness to trade in services may increase productivity at the level of the economy as a whole, industries and the firm. The authors explore what recent empirical work suggests could be done to enhance comparative advantage in the production and export of services and how to design policy reforms to open services markets to greater foreign participation in a way that ensures not just greater efficiency but also greater equity in terms of access to services.

Author: Satish Chand
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780947076740
Category : Factors of production
Languages : en
Pages : 31

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Author: United States International Trade Commission
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Economic development
Languages : en
Pages : 168

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Book Description

Author: Jorge M. Katz
Publisher: United Nations Publications
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 164

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Book Description
In the last ten to fifteen years, profound structural reforms have moved Latin America and the Caribbean from closed, state-dominated economies to ones that are more market-oriented and open. Policymakers expected that these changes would speed up growth. This book is part of a multi-year project to determine whether these expectation have been fulfilled. Focusing on technological change, the impact of the reforms on the process of innovation is examined. It notes that the development process is proving to be highly heterogenous across industries, regions and firms and can be described as strongly inequitable. This differentiation that has emerged has implications for job creation, trade balance, and the role of small and medium sized firms. This ultimately suggests, amongst other things, the need for policies to better spread the use of new technologies.

Author:
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 1457825414
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 166

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Author: A. Geske Dijkstra
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
This paper examines the effects of trade liberalization on industrial development in Latin America. It suggests that there may be a tradeoff between static (X-efficiency, allocative efficiency) and dynamic efficiency effects, in particular, for countries that do not have a developed industrial base. A review of empirical evidence on several indicators of efficiency shows that X-efficiency and allocative efficiency effects occur but are not very strong. Other factors may be more important for bringing about productivity growth and structural change. Even for Latin American countries with a more developed industrial base (Argentina, Brazil, Mexico), dynamic efficiency effects from trade liberalization do not come about automatically.