Author: Rebecca Sue StokesPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Trace Mineral Supplementation in Cattle: Implications in Heifer Development, Reproductive Performance, and Fetal Programming
Author: Rebecca Sue StokesEffect of a Trace Mineral Injection on Beef Cattle Performance
Author: Carmen J. BraschePublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 142
Book Description
Adequate trace mineral status is important in beef cow/calf and replacement heifer systems because trace minerals play vital roles in reproduction, immunity and growth. Many experiments have investigated the use of a trace mineral injection containing Cu, Mn, Se and Zn (TMI) on growth and immunity of beef cattle. However, very few have investigated TMI use on reproductive performance. Therefore, five experiments, a two year cow/calf experiment, and four replacement heifer experiments were designed to investigate the use of a TMI on reproductive performance of cows and heifers, calf growth and trace mineral status of cows, heifers, and calves. The use of the TMI at pre-calving and pre-breeding did not consistently improve reproductive performance of heifers and cows with good trace mineral statuses that were receiving supplemental trace minerals. There were no differences (P ≥ 0.36) in the AI pregnancy rate [48 and 38% control (CON) vs 44 and 39% TMI, year 1 and year 2, respectively] or overall pregnancy rate (93 and 93 % CON vs 93 and 90% TMI, year 1 and year 2, respectively) of cows receiving a TMI when compared to control cows during the two year trial. In experiment 1 beef heifers (Angus ́Hereford ́Simmental) were bred to fixed time AI, TMI heifers had increased overall pregnancy rates (83 vs 92%, CON vs TMI, respectively; P = 0.02). In experiment 2 beef heifers were AI bred to synchronization response, TMI had no effect (78 vs 83%, CON vs TMI, respectively, P = 0.46). Conception rates to AI and overall pregnancy were not affected by TMI use in two experiments using Black Angus beef heifers being developed in a dry lot fed adequate trace minerals in a total mixed ration. Growth of suckling calves measured as birth weight, average daily gain, actual weaning weight, and 205 d adjusted weight were not influenced by TMI. However, trace mineral status of all groups of cattle were increased with use of TMI. In heifers liver Cu and Se were increased (P
Effect of Mineral Supplementation on Reproductive Efficiency of Beef Cows
Author: Felipe Guirado DantasPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 71
Book Description
Reproductive efficiency is the major component for an economically efficient cow/calf operation and can be influenced by a number of factors such as breed, age, health and nutrition. Among the components of the diet, trace minerals are hypothesized to have a major impact reproductive efficiency in beef cattle. In order to test this specific hypothesis, a study directly evaluating the success of reproductive performance in cows fed complexed trace minerals versus inorganic trace mineral was designed. In this study, 68 cows where equally divided into treatment (cows fed with complexed trace minerals) and control (cows fed with inorganic trace minerals) groups. The cows started being fed 30 days prior to AI (d -30). Twenty-eight days after AI (d 28), all cows where diagnosed for pregnancy and non-pregnant cows where removed from the experiment. Twenty-four days after pregnancy diagnosis (d 52), pregnant cows where submitted to ovum pick-up (OPU) and a second OPU was performed on d 67. Although pregnancy rates did not differ (P = 0.33) between treatment and control, cows fed with complexed trace minerals had increased oocyte recovery (P = 0.03), in vitro embryo production (P = 0.06) and more efficient in vitro embryo production (P = 0.06). In summary, the results from this experiment demonstrated that supplementation of beef cows with a complexed source of trace minerals improves reproductive efficiency when compared to cows fed inorganic source of trace minerals.
Trace Mineral Interaction on Reproductive Performance of Beef Cattle Under Range Conditions in Edwards and McCulloch Counties, Texas
Author: John Conan DoylePublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Beef cattle
Languages : en
Pages : 252
Book Description
Effect of Chelated Trace Mineral Supplements on Growth and Reproductive Performance of Cattle
Author: Roshan LalSupplemental Trace Minerals (Zn, Cu, and Mn) as Sulfates Or Hydroxy Trace Mineral Sources for Beef Heifers
Author: Randy Hunter BurnettPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Heifers
Languages : en
Pages : 134
Book Description
Crossbred heifers (n = 286, 255 ± 4.5 kg initial BW, 295 ± 16.5 d of age) were used over a 2-yr period to determine the effects of mineral source on beef heifer development at 2 locations (n = 71 and n = 72, Fayetteville, blocks 1 and 4; n = 72 in each of 2 breeding groups, Batesville, blocks 2 and 3). Heifers were stratified based on initial BW, age, health, prior research projects, and sire, and then assigned to 6 groups of 12 heifers, that were assigned randomly to 1 of 2 trace mineral treatments. The 2 treatments were trace mineral supplementation (Cu [74 mg/d], Mn [294 mg/d], and Zn [221 mg/d]) as 1) sulfate or 2) hydroxychloride sources. Treatments were delivered through mineral and vitamin supplements provided free choice and formulated for a consumption rate of 113 g/d. Treatments began on d 0, and the breeding season began on d 112 and d 105 (blocks 1 and 4 respectively). After a synchronization period and a 10 d eligible period for artificial insemination, heifers were exposed to bulls for 50 d. At d 130 (block 2) and d 146 (block 3) heifers were exposed to bulls for 60 d. The trail concluded on d 224 (block 1), d 227 (block 4), d 252 (block 2), and d 268 (block 3). During the trial, BW at 28-d intervals, mineral disappearance, health records, and reproductive efficiency data were recorded. At the end of each trial, pregnancy was confirmed by the presence of Pregnancy-Specific Protein B concentrations in blood. No treatment differences (P ≥ 0.52) were detected in BW or ADG. There was no significance for greater mineral disappearance between mineral sulfate and hydroxychloride treatments (P = 0.46) There were no differences in the percentage of heifers treated for bovine respiratory disease (P = 0.77) or foot rot occurrence (P = 0.57) between sulfate and hydroxychloride treatments. Trace mineral source did not affect overall pregnancy rates (P = 0.85). Therefore, supplementing either a sulfate or hydroxychloride source of Zn, Cu, and Mn to developing beef heifers resulted in similar performance.
Bovine Reproduction
Author: Richard M. HopperPublisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118470850
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 2206
Book Description
Bovine Reproduction is a comprehensive, current reference providing information on all aspects of reproduction in the bull and cow. Offering fundamental knowledge on evaluating and restoring fertility in the bovine patient, the book also places information in the context of herd health where appropriate for a truly global view of bovine theriogenology. Printed in full color throughout, the book includes 83 chapters and more than 550 images, making it the most exhaustive reference available on this topic. Each section covers anatomy and physiology, breeding management, and reproductive surgery, as well as obstetrics and pregnancy wastage in the cow. Bovine Reproduction is a welcome resource for bovine practitioners, theriogenologists, and animal scientists, as well as veterinary students and residents with an interest in the cow.
Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle
Author: Subcommittee on Beef Cattle NutritionPublisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309069343
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 249
Book Description
As members of the public becomes more concious of the food they consume and its content, higher standards are expected in the preparation of such food. The updated seventh edition of Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle explores the impact of cattle's biological, production, and environmental diversities, as well as variations on nutrient utilization and requirements. More enhanced than previous editions, this edition expands on the descriptions of cattle and their nutritional requirements taking management and environmental conditions into consideration. The book clearly communicates the current state of beef cattle nutrient requirements and animal variation by visually presenting related data via computer-generated models. Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle expounds on the effects of beef cattle body condition on the state of compensatory growth, takes an in-depth look at the variations in cattle type, and documents the important effects of the environment and stress on food intake. This volume also uses new data on the development of a fetus during pregnancy to prescribe nutrient requirements of gestating cattle more precisely. By focusing on factors such as product quality and environmental awareness, Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle presents standards and advisements for acceptable nutrients in a complete and conventional manner that promotes a more practical understanding and application.
The Mineral Nutrition of Livestock
Author: Eric John UnderwoodPublisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 9780851995571
Category : Animal feeding
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
This book is an up to date reference work covering all aspects of macro and trace element nutrition in farm livestock. Sufficient information is given on metabolism, functions and interactions to explain why needs, feeds and imbalances are not always easy to define or anticipate. The major emphasis is on the mineral nutrition of ruminant livestock since they are most likely to be affected by imbalances but where pigs and poultry are the more vulnerable, extensive coverage of the non-ruminant is given. This new edition of a highly successful text has been thoroughly revised and significantly expanded. Many chapters have been extensively updated and several chapters on new topics introduced. * Calcium, phosphorus, sodium and potassium are now treated separately * Over 40 new figures are presented, and extensive use made oftables to summarise important data * Chapters on trace elements have been drastically revised * Claims for enhanced availability for new chelated sources arecritically reviewed * Completely new chapters focus on: The unique need of the ruminant for elemental sulphur Occasionally beneficial elements and essentially toxic elements The improved conduct and interpretation of supplementation trials
Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and MedicinePublisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309317029
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 22
Book Description
Since 1944, the National Research Council (NRC) has published seven editions of the Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle. This reference has guided nutritionists and other professionals in academia and the cattle and feed industries in developing and implementing nutritional and feeding programs for beef cattle. The cattle industry has undergone considerable changes since the seventh revised edition was published in 2000 and some of the requirements and recommendations set forth at that time are no longer relevant or appropriate. The eighth revised edition of the Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle builds on the previous editions. A great deal of new research has been published during the past 14 years and there is a large amount of new information for many nutrients. In addition to a thorough and current evaluation of the literature on the energy and nutrient requirements of beef in all stages of life, this volume includes new information about phosphorus and sulfur contents; a review of nutritional and feeding strategies to minimize nutrient losses in manure and reduce greenhouse gas production; a discussion of the effect of feeding on the nutritional quality and food safety of beef; new information about nutrient metabolism and utilization; new information on feed additives that alter rumen metabolism and postabsorptive metabolism; and future areas of needed research. The tables of feed ingredient composition are significantly updated. Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle represents a comprehensive review of the most recent information available on beef cattle nutrition and ingredient composition that will allow efficient, profitable, and environmentally conscious beef production.