Toxicity Assessments of Antimony, Barium, Beryllium, and Manganese for Development of Ecological Soil Screening Levels (ECO-SSL) Using Enchytraeid Reproduction Benchmark Values PDF Download
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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 86
Book Description
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is developing Ecological Soil Screening Level (Eco-SSL) benchmarks for ecological risk assessment of contaminants at Superfund sites. Benchmarks for invertebrates Were developed from existing literature. Insufficient information for Ba, Be, Mn, and Sb to generate Eco-SSLs necessitated standardized toxicity testing to fill the data gaps. We used the Enchytraeid Reproduction Test (ERT) with Enchytraeus crypticus in this study. This test was selected on the bases of its ability to measure chemical toxicity to ecologically relevant test species during chronic assay, and its inclusion of at least one reproductive component among the measurement endpoints. Tests were conducted in Sassafras sandy loam soil, which supports relatively high bioavailability of metals. Aging/weathering procedures for amended treatment soil were incorporated into the study to better reflect the "real world" exposure conditions. The toxicity order based on juvenile production was Be> Mn> Sb> Ba with EC20 values of 45, 116, 194, and 585 mg kg-1, respectively. These results show that ERT is a robust and sensitive assay for toxicity assessments and is appropriate for the Eco-SSL development.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 86
Book Description
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is developing Ecological Soil Screening Level (Eco-SSL) benchmarks for ecological risk assessment of contaminants at Superfund sites. Benchmarks for invertebrates Were developed from existing literature. Insufficient information for Ba, Be, Mn, and Sb to generate Eco-SSLs necessitated standardized toxicity testing to fill the data gaps. We used the Enchytraeid Reproduction Test (ERT) with Enchytraeus crypticus in this study. This test was selected on the bases of its ability to measure chemical toxicity to ecologically relevant test species during chronic assay, and its inclusion of at least one reproductive component among the measurement endpoints. Tests were conducted in Sassafras sandy loam soil, which supports relatively high bioavailability of metals. Aging/weathering procedures for amended treatment soil were incorporated into the study to better reflect the "real world" exposure conditions. The toxicity order based on juvenile production was Be> Mn> Sb> Ba with EC20 values of 45, 116, 194, and 585 mg kg-1, respectively. These results show that ERT is a robust and sensitive assay for toxicity assessments and is appropriate for the Eco-SSL development.
Author: Roman G. Kuperman Publisher: ISBN: 9781423515845 Category : Languages : en Pages : 86
Book Description
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is developing Ecological Soil Screening Level (Eco-SSL) benchmarks for ecological risk assessment of contaminants at Superfund sites. Benchmarks for invertebrates Were developed from existing literature. Insufficient information for Ba, Be, Mn, and Sb to generate Eco-SSLs necessitated standardized toxicity testing to fill the data gaps. We used the Enchytraeid Reproduction Test (ERT) with Enchytraeus crypticus in this study. This test was selected on the bases of its ability to measure chemical toxicity to ecologically relevant test species during chronic assay, and its inclusion of at least one reproductive component among the measurement endpoints. Tests were conducted in Sassafras sandy loam soil, which supports relatively high bioavailability of metals. Aging/weathering procedures for amended treatment soil were incorporated into the study to better reflect the "real world" exposure conditions. The toxicity order based on juvenile production was Be> Mn> Sb> Ba with EC20 values of 45, 116, 194, and 585 mg kg-1, respectively. These results show that ERT is a robust and sensitive assay for toxicity assessments and is appropriate for the Eco-SSL development.
Author: Michael Simini Publisher: ISBN: 9781423515838 Category : Languages : en Pages : 76
Book Description
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), in a collaborative effort with other Federal agencies, states, and private industry, is developing Ecological Soil Screening Levels (Eco-SSLs) for ecological risk assessment of contaminants at Superfund sites. Earthworm (Eisenia fetida) cocoon production and survival tests were conducted in a Sassafras sandy loam soil that supports relatively high bioavailability of barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), manganese (Mn), and antimony (Sb). For the metals tested, cocoon production was a more sensitive endpoint than was survival. Bounded Lowest Observed Effect Concentrations (LOECs) (mg kg-1) for cocoon production, as determined by analysis of variance (ANOVA), were 83, 86, 433, and 1236 for Be, Sb, Ba, and Mn, as compared to LOECs for survival of 110, 697, 1585, and 2222, respectively. Bounded No Observed Effect Concentrations (NOECs) (mg kg-1) for cocoon production, as determined by ANOVA, were 57, 60,258, and 1111 for Be, Sb, Ba, and Mn, as compared to NOECs for survival of 83, 617,1348, and 1444, respectively. Non-linear regression analysis of cocoon production data showed that the relative toxicity (EC20 mg kg-1) of the four metals was in the order of Sb (30) = Be (52) > Ba (370) > Mn ( 629). These results will be submitted to the Eco-SSL Work ou for review and inclusion in their database.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: 9780778576914 Category : Barite Languages : en Pages : 52
Book Description
This report compiles and summarizes applicable background information and develops soil remediation guidelines for barite (barium sulphate). The barite soil remediation guidelines follow Alberta Environment 2009 protocols wherever applicable and appropriate, and only deviate from these protocols where dictated by particular issues relevant to barite.--Document.
Author: Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Publisher: ISBN: Category : Aquatic biology Languages : en Pages : 50
Book Description
"Sediments provide habitat for many benthic and epibenthic organisms. They also influence the environmental fate of many chemical substances in aquatic ecosystems by acting as both sinks and subsequently sources of substances that have entered the aquatic environment. This document outlines the procedures that are set out for deriving scientifically sound national sediment quality guidelines for the protection of aquatic life. Introductory guidance is also provided on how these guidelines are intended to be used in conjunction with other types of information"--Abstract.
Author: Glenn W. Suter II Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 9780873718752 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 564
Book Description
Recently, environmental scientists have been required to perform a new type of assessment-ecological risk assessment. This is the first book that explains how to perform ecological risk assessments and gives assessors access to the full range of useful data, models, and conceptual approaches they need to perform an accurate assessment. It explains how ecological risk assessment relates to more familiar types of assessments. It also shows how to organize and conduct an ecological risk assessment, including defining the source, selecting endpoints, describing the relevant features of the receiving environment, estimating exposure, estimating effects, characterizing the risks, and interacting with the risk manager. Specific technical topics include finding and selecting toxicity data; statistical and mathematical models of effects on organisms, populations, and ecosystems; estimation of chemical fate parameters; modeling of chemical transport and fate; estimation of chemical uptake by organisms; and estimation, propagation, and presentation of uncertainty. Ecological Risk Assessment also covers conventional risk assessments, risk assessments for existing contamination, large scale problems, exotic organisms, and risk assessments based on environmental monitoring. Environmental assessors at regulatory agencies, consulting firms, industry, and government labs need this book for its approaches and methods for ecological risk assessment. Professors in ecology and other environmental sciences will find the book's practical preparation useful for classroom instruction. Environmental toxicologists and chemists will appreciate the discussion of the utility for risk assessment of particular toxicity tests and chemical determinations.
Author: Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment. Subcommittee on Environmental Quality Criteria for Contaminated Sites Publisher: Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment ISBN: Category : Environmental health Languages : en Pages : 208
Book Description
This document provides the rationale and guidance for developing environmental and human health soil quality guidelines for contaminated sites in Canada. It begins with background information on the National Contaminated Sites Remediation Program assessment and remediation framework, including the scientific tools developed to help assess and remediate contaminated sites. Information on the principles behind the soil quality guidelines derivation protocol is also included. This is followed by description of the processes for deriving environmental and human health guidelines. The protocol considers the effects of contaminated soil exposure on human and ecological receptors for given land uses (agricultural, residential/parkland, commercial, and industrial). The final section gives guidance on derivation of the final soil quality guideline. Appendices include information on methods and models employed in the ecological sections of the document, and on check mechanisms for indirect exposure from soil contaminants for the human health guidelines.
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Author: Roman G. Kuperman
Author: Michael Simini
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Author: Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment
Author: Glenn W. Suter II
Author: Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment. Subcommittee on Environmental Quality Criteria for Contaminated Sites