Tokamak Plasma Magnetics. [High-beta Tokamak Equilibria]. PDF Download
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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
High .beta. (approximately 5-30 percent) tokamak equilibria and the external magnetic field structures required to attain and hold them are discussed. The high .beta. equilibria are shown to be a natural consequence of intense heating by some auxiliary power source such as neutral beams, as long as the heating is rapid compared to the magnetic diffusion time scale. Since the magnetic fluxes are ''frozen in'' for such equilibria, they are called flux-conserving-tokamak (FCT) equilibria. FCT equilibria are shown to exist and satisfy the local (Mercier) stability criterion with .beta. values ranging up to 28 percent. For slightly D-shaped cross sections, simple and efficient poloidal field systems are described which properly control and shape the plasma, and admit poloidal divertors at the apexes of the natural D-shaped cross sections. The poloidal field system also has the property (STATIC concept) of shielding (by a factor of about 6) superconducting toroidal field coils from flux changes. Finally, the toroidal field ripple effects that enhance the ion heat conduction and cause a substantial fraction of alpha particles to drift out of the plasma are briefly discussed.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
High .beta. (approximately 5-30 percent) tokamak equilibria and the external magnetic field structures required to attain and hold them are discussed. The high .beta. equilibria are shown to be a natural consequence of intense heating by some auxiliary power source such as neutral beams, as long as the heating is rapid compared to the magnetic diffusion time scale. Since the magnetic fluxes are ''frozen in'' for such equilibria, they are called flux-conserving-tokamak (FCT) equilibria. FCT equilibria are shown to exist and satisfy the local (Mercier) stability criterion with .beta. values ranging up to 28 percent. For slightly D-shaped cross sections, simple and efficient poloidal field systems are described which properly control and shape the plasma, and admit poloidal divertors at the apexes of the natural D-shaped cross sections. The poloidal field system also has the property (STATIC concept) of shielding (by a factor of about 6) superconducting toroidal field coils from flux changes. Finally, the toroidal field ripple effects that enhance the ion heat conduction and cause a substantial fraction of alpha particles to drift out of the plasma are briefly discussed.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
High-[beta] (≈ 5-30%) tokamak equilibria have been found and the extenral magnetic field structures required to attain and hold them have been studied. The high-[beta] equilibria can be a natural consequence of intense heating by an axuiliary power source such as neutral beams, if the heating is rapid compared to the magnetic diffusion time scale. Since magnetic fluexes are 'frozen in' for such equilibria, they are called flux-conserving-tokamak (FCT) equilibria. FCT equilibria are shown to exist and satisfy the local (Mercier) stability criterion with [beta]-values ranging up to 28%. For slightly D-shaped cross-sections, simple and efficient poloidal field systems are described which properly control and shape the plasma and admit poloidal divertors at the apexes of the natural D-shaped cross-sections. The poloidal field system may also have the property (STATIC concept) of shielding (by a factor of about 6) superconducting toroidal field coils from flux changes. Finally, the toroidal field ripple effects that enhance the ion heat conduction and cause a substantial fraction of alpha particles to drift out of the plasma are briefly discussed.
Author: R.B. White Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 1483293262 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 374
Book Description
This is a graduate textbook on tokamak physics, designed to provide a basic introduction to plasma equilibrium, particle orbits, transport, and those ideal and resistive magnetohydrodynamic instabilities which dominate the behavior of a tokamak discharge, and to develop the mathematical methods necessary for their theoretical analysis.
Author: Marco Ariola Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319298909 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 208
Book Description
This book is a complete treatment of work done to resolve the problems of position-, current-, and shape-control of plasma in tokamak-type (toroidal) devices being studied as a potential means of commercial energy production by nuclear fusion. Modelling and control are both detailed, allowing non-expert readers to understand the control problem. Starting from the magneto-hydro-dynamic equations, all the steps needed for the derivation of plasma state-space models are enumerated with frequent recall of the basic concepts of electromagnetics. The control problem is then described, beginning with the control of current and position—vertical and radial—control and progressing to the more challenging shape control. The solutions proposed vary from simple PIDs to more sophisticated MIMO controllers. The second edition of Magnetic Control of Tokamak Plasmas contains numerous updates and a substantial amount of completely new material covering areas such as: • modelling and control of resistive wall modes—the most important non-axisimmetric mode; • the isoflux approach for shape control; • a general approach for the control of limiter plasmas; • the use of inner vessel coils for vertical stabilization; and • significantly enhanced treatment of plasma-shape control at JET, including experimental results and introducing a method implemented for operation in the presence of current saturations. Whenever possible, coverage of the various topics is rounded out with experimental results obtained on currently existing tokamaks. The book also includes a presentation of the typical actuators and sensors used for control purposes in tokamaks. Some mathematical details are given in the appendices for the interested reader. The ideas formulated in this monograph will be of great practical help to control engineers, academic researchers and graduate students working directly with problems related to the control of nuclear fusion. They will also stimulate control researchers interested more generally in the advanced applications of the discipline. Advances in Industrial Control aims to report and encourage the transfer of technology in control engineering. The rapid development of control technology has an impact on all areas of the control discipline. The series offers an opportunity for researchers to present an extended exposition of new work in all aspects of industrial control.
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