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Author: Jenni Kim Durieux Publisher: ISBN: 9781109646832 Category : Languages : en Pages : 100
Book Description
The connection between aging and metabolism seems obvious, but the particulars of this relationship remain obscure. Theories linking the two abound, centered on the fact that mitochondria are the location of much of the cell's free radical production and on the general correlation between lifespan and metabolic rate. The connection between longevity and mitochondrial function was strengthened by RNAi-based screens in the worm C. elegans, where RNAi knock-down of mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain (ETC) subunits of Complex I (nuo-2), Complex III (cyc-1), Complex IV (cco-1) and Complex V (atp-3) extended lifespan (Dillin et al., 2002b; Lee et al., 2002). The effects of ETC knockdown on life span appear to depend on a mechanism more complex than direct effects on mitochondrial metabolic rates. Instead, they point towards the existence of signaling programs emanating from the mitochondria and capable of regulating the life span of the entire organism. The identity of components and timing requirements of the mitochondrial ETC that influence longevity have led us to search for a mechanism imposed during early development that sets the rate of aging for the remainder of the animal's life cycle as well as the critical tissues required for the mitochondrial ETC to set the rate of aging. I have found that disruption of cco-1, in the neurons or intestine of the worm is sufficient to confer a longevity phenotype. This tissue-specific knockdown was able to uncouple some of the detrimental phenotypes of organism-wide knockdown, such as reduced brood size and slow movement. Furthermore, the long lifespan that results from ETC perturbance is dependent on the mitochondrial Unfolded Protein Response (UPRmt) gene, ubl-5. Knowing that there are tissues in which ETC function is critical as well as the necessity for a functional UPRmt might allow us to better understand the basis of mitochondria-mediated longevity.
Author: Jenni Kim Durieux Publisher: ISBN: 9781109646832 Category : Languages : en Pages : 100
Book Description
The connection between aging and metabolism seems obvious, but the particulars of this relationship remain obscure. Theories linking the two abound, centered on the fact that mitochondria are the location of much of the cell's free radical production and on the general correlation between lifespan and metabolic rate. The connection between longevity and mitochondrial function was strengthened by RNAi-based screens in the worm C. elegans, where RNAi knock-down of mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain (ETC) subunits of Complex I (nuo-2), Complex III (cyc-1), Complex IV (cco-1) and Complex V (atp-3) extended lifespan (Dillin et al., 2002b; Lee et al., 2002). The effects of ETC knockdown on life span appear to depend on a mechanism more complex than direct effects on mitochondrial metabolic rates. Instead, they point towards the existence of signaling programs emanating from the mitochondria and capable of regulating the life span of the entire organism. The identity of components and timing requirements of the mitochondrial ETC that influence longevity have led us to search for a mechanism imposed during early development that sets the rate of aging for the remainder of the animal's life cycle as well as the critical tissues required for the mitochondrial ETC to set the rate of aging. I have found that disruption of cco-1, in the neurons or intestine of the worm is sufficient to confer a longevity phenotype. This tissue-specific knockdown was able to uncouple some of the detrimental phenotypes of organism-wide knockdown, such as reduced brood size and slow movement. Furthermore, the long lifespan that results from ETC perturbance is dependent on the mitochondrial Unfolded Protein Response (UPRmt) gene, ubl-5. Knowing that there are tissues in which ETC function is critical as well as the necessity for a functional UPRmt might allow us to better understand the basis of mitochondria-mediated longevity.
Author: Carla Koehler Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9783642059940 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Mitochondria are complex organelles, possessing a double-membrane and even their own genome, the mtDNA. They play a pivotal role in cellular metabolism, respiration, and production of ATP essential for the normal function of all human organ systems. It is not surprising, therefore, that genetic defects of mitochondrial functions cause a wide spectrum of human diseases. This book provides the first modern and truly comprehensive coverage of the biochemistry, genetics, and pathology of mitochondria in different organisms. It particularly focuses on the recent advances in our understanding of basic mitochondrial research to the consequences of dysfunction at the molecular level. The 13 contributions written by leading researchers in the field include topics such as: mitochondrial genome evolution and mtDNA stability, mitochondrial biogenesis and protein quality control, mitochondrial morphology, assembly and function of the mitochondrial energy generation apparatus and mitochondrial metabolic pathways. These are particularly oriented to link in these various mitochondrial pathways to the clinical consequences of their dysfunctions.
Author: Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 9780128157367 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Mitochondria and Longevity, Volume 340, the latest release in the International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology series reviews and details current advances in cell and molecular biology. The IRCMB series has a worldwide readership, maintaining a high standard by publishing invited articles on important and timely topics with this release focusing on topics such as Mitochondria metabolism and aging, Mitohormesis, Mitochondrial dynamics in the aging stem cell compartment, Mitochondrial proteostasis and aging, Mitochondrial DNA mutations and aging, Mitochondrial sirtuins, NAD+, NADH and aging, Mitophagy and aging, Mitochondria, calcium transport and aging.
Author: Tom Dening Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA ISBN: 0198807295 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 961
Book Description
Part of the authoritative Oxford Textbooks in Psychiatry series, Oxford Textbook of Old Age Psychiatry, Third Edition has been thoroughly updated to reflect the developments in old age psychiatry since publication of the Second Edition in 2013, and remains an essential reference for anyone interested in the mental health care of older people.
Author: David G. Nicholls Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0080527930 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 332
Book Description
This new edition of Bioenergetics presents a clear and up-to-date explanation of the chemiosmotic theory and covers mitochondria, bacteria, and chloroplasts. It takes account of the many newly determined structures, such as ATP synthase and the two photosystems of photosynthesis, that provide molecular insight into chemiosmotic energy transduction. This edition includes additional color figures of protein structures and many newly drawn illustrations designed to enable the reader to grasp the fundamental insights that are derived from knowing the structure. Every chapter has been extensively revised and updated and a new chapter on the study of the bioenergetics of mitochondria in the intact cell is included to satisfy the enormous interest in this topic. Written for students and researchers alike, this book is the most current text on the chemiosmotic theory and membrane bioenergetics available.Key Features* Chapter on the study of bioenergetics of mitochondria in the intact cell* Appendix listing protein structure resources* Additional colour plates of protein structures* Many newly drawn illustrations* Website
Author: Yvonne Will Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1119329744 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 816
Book Description
Developed as a one-stop reference source for drug safety and toxicology professionals, this book explains why mitochondrial failure is a crucial step in drug toxicity and how it can be avoided. • Covers both basic science and applied technology / methods • Allows readers to understand the basis of mitochondrial function, the preclinical assessments used, and what they reveal about drug effects • Contains both in vitro and in vivo methods for analysis, including practical screening approaches for drug discovery and development • Adds coverage about mitochondrial toxicity underlying organ injury, clinical reports on drug classes, and discussion of environmental toxicants affecting mitochondria
Author: Caleb E. Finch Publisher: University of Chicago Press ISBN: 9780226248899 Category : Health & Fitness Languages : en Pages : 948
Book Description
Featuring extensive references, updated for this paperback edition, Longevity, Senescence, and the Genome constitutes a landmark contribution to biomedicine and the evolutionary biology of aging. To enhance gerontology's focus on human age-related dysfunctions, Caleb E. Finch provides a comparative review of all the phyla of organisms, broadening gerontology to intersect with behavioral, developmental, evolutionary, and molecular biology. By comparing species that have different developmental and life spans, Finch proposes an original typology of senescence from rapid to gradual to negligible, and he provides the first multiphyletic calculations of mortality rate constants.
Author: Nozomu Mori Publisher: Springer ISBN: 4431557636 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 435
Book Description
This book brings together the most up-to-date information on recent research results of leading laboratories on aging science in East Asia, particularly in Japan, Korea, and Hong Kong. Starting with a comprehensive overview of various hypotheses on biological mechanisms of aging by Dr. Sataro Goto, each chapter covers broad aspects of the most recent findings in aging-related topics: centenarian studies and genome analysis of progeria, metabolic biochemistry and neurobiology, longevity controls in yeast and nematodes, oxidative stress and calorie restriction, and neurodegeneration mechanisms in Alzheimer’s and Huntington’s diseases, with further potential therapeutic approaches to these age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Also included, in part, is a summary and the outcomes of a scientific discussion forum called the Asian Aging Core for Longevity (AACL) that has been held annually alternating between Japan and Korea during the last decade. This book can serve as a useful resource for finding appropriate collaborators in the areas it covers. The target readership is made up of graduate students and researchers at universities, medical and/or life-science schools, and biomedical and pharmaceutical institutes. Why does aging exist? How do we age? How is each organism’s lifespan determined? These are fundamental questions in the field. We may be still far from achieving a complete view of aging mechanisms, but this book, Aging Mechanisms, offers an excellent opportunity to become familiar with the most updated progress in the biomedical research of aging in Japan and Korea, the two leading nations for human longevity.
Author: David R. Riddle Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1420005529 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 413
Book Description
Recognition that aging is not the accumulation of disease, but rather comprises fundamental biological processes that are amenable to experimental study, is the basis for the recent growth of experimental biogerontology. As increasingly sophisticated studies provide greater understanding of what occurs in the aging brain and how these changes occur
Author: Jenni Kim Durieux
Author: Jenni Kim Durieux
Author: Carla Koehler
Author: 
Author: Raymond Pearl
Author: Tom Dening
Author: David G. Nicholls
Author: Yvonne Will
Author: Caleb E. Finch
Author: Nozomu Mori
Author: David R. Riddle