Time and Duration of Growth Stages and Subsequent Grain Yield in Selected Wheat Cultivars (Triticum Aestivum L. Em Thell) PDF Download
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Author: Byung Han Choi Publisher: ISBN: Category : Crop yields Languages : en Pages : 258
Book Description
The need to develop a shorter life cycle wheat cultivar which would be more adapted to multiple cropping systems prompted this study. Thus the following information was obtained. Greatest variations in developmental patterns were found in the stem elongation, booting, inflorescence emergence and anthesis for five winter and five spring cultivars when planted at different dates. Differences among the ten winter wheat cultivars in time, duration and rate of grain filling was also observed. Generally later flowering cultivars had a more rapid rate of grain filling than early flowering cultivars with the net result being that physiological maturity was similar between the two groups. Actual grain filling period from flowering to physiological maturity varied among the cultivars, but larger differences were observed in lag period from heading to flowering. The duration of lag period contributed to the largest difference in total grain filling period from heading to physiological maturity. Changes in visual spike color of the glumes and main axis of a spike was satisfactory in identifying physiological maturity without destruction of the spike; however changes in kernel color was a more direct and precise method. Physiological maturity is a better measure of the optimum harvesting time to provide for maximum grain yield for planting sequential crops. Grain yield was positively associated with time of heading, flowering, physiological maturity, rate of grain filling and components of grain yield, but negatively associated with duration of grain filling period, lag period and harvest index. There was little association with the duration of the actual grain filling period and grain yield. However, a large association was observed between grain yield and the rate of grain filling. The direct effects of tiller number and rate of grain filling on grain yield were consistently positive and high. The indirect effects of rate of grain filling on grain yield were positive and high via time of heading, flowering and physiological maturity, components of yield and whole plant dry weight, but negative and high via duration of grain filling period, lag period and harvest index.
Author: Byung Han Choi Publisher: ISBN: Category : Crop yields Languages : en Pages : 258
Book Description
The need to develop a shorter life cycle wheat cultivar which would be more adapted to multiple cropping systems prompted this study. Thus the following information was obtained. Greatest variations in developmental patterns were found in the stem elongation, booting, inflorescence emergence and anthesis for five winter and five spring cultivars when planted at different dates. Differences among the ten winter wheat cultivars in time, duration and rate of grain filling was also observed. Generally later flowering cultivars had a more rapid rate of grain filling than early flowering cultivars with the net result being that physiological maturity was similar between the two groups. Actual grain filling period from flowering to physiological maturity varied among the cultivars, but larger differences were observed in lag period from heading to flowering. The duration of lag period contributed to the largest difference in total grain filling period from heading to physiological maturity. Changes in visual spike color of the glumes and main axis of a spike was satisfactory in identifying physiological maturity without destruction of the spike; however changes in kernel color was a more direct and precise method. Physiological maturity is a better measure of the optimum harvesting time to provide for maximum grain yield for planting sequential crops. Grain yield was positively associated with time of heading, flowering, physiological maturity, rate of grain filling and components of grain yield, but negatively associated with duration of grain filling period, lag period and harvest index. There was little association with the duration of the actual grain filling period and grain yield. However, a large association was observed between grain yield and the rate of grain filling. The direct effects of tiller number and rate of grain filling on grain yield were consistently positive and high. The indirect effects of rate of grain filling on grain yield were positive and high via time of heading, flowering and physiological maturity, components of yield and whole plant dry weight, but negative and high via duration of grain filling period, lag period and harvest index.
Author: Beiquan Mou Publisher: ISBN: Category : Wheat Languages : en Pages : 138
Book Description
Concerns about the genetic control and environmental influence of various stages of development including the grain filling period, and the relationship between early maturity and grain yield prompted this study. The experimental material consisted of two facultative and two winter wheat cultivars. A dial!el cross, excluding reciprocals, was also developed to provide an Fl generation. Information was collected for 14 traits and subjected to statistical analyses. Genetic differences among varieties were found for time of heading, flowering and physiological maturity, duration and rate of the grain filling period, grain yield and yield components. The facultative types, AI Feng 2 and Selection CB 83-52, showed earlier heading, flowering and physiological maturity, longer lag period (period between heading and flowering), and longer duration and lower rate of grain filling, resulting in lower grain yield. The winter cultivars, Stephens and Yamhill Dwarf, in contrast had later heading, flowering and maturity, shorter lag period, and shorter duration and higher rate of grain filling, giving higher grain yield. For the developmental stages after heading, larger differences were observed in the lag period while differences in duration of grain filling period were relatively small among the cultivars. Depending on the specific Fl population, there was a tendency toward dominance for early heading, a range from no to complete dominance for early flowering and no dominance for physiological maturity. Long duration and fast rate of grain filling were generally dominant. Grain yield was positively associated with the number of days to heading, flowering and physiological maturity. Also positive associations of grain yield were obtained with tiller number, kernel weight, grain weight per spike, biological yield and rate of grain filling. Negative associations of grain yield were noted with lag period and duration of grain filling period. No clear associations between physiological maturity and the yield components were found. Grain filling duration showed no association with yield components while grain filling rate exhibited positive association with tiller number and kernel weight. There was negative association between duration and rate of grain filling period. According to heading responses from different planting dates, Stephens and Yamhill Dwarf had high sensitivity while Selection CB 83- 52 and AI Feng 2 showed low sensitivity to vernalization. Genotype X environment interaction was observed with each cultivar responding differently for several traits depending on the planting dates.
Author: Wade H. Shafer Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9780306416613 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 354
Book Description
This series lists applicable thesis titles published in the United States and Canada. Volume 40 covers thesis year 1995. All back volumes are still available.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Agriculture Languages : en Pages : 622
Book Description
Sept.-Oct. issue includes list of theses and dissertations for U.S. and Canadian graduate degrees granted in crop science, soil science, and agronomic science during the previous academic year.
Author: Byung Han Choi
Author: Byung Han Choi
Author: Oregon State University
Author: Beiquan Mou
Author: Wade H. Shafer
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Author: 
Author: Mohammad Ali Vahabian
Author: 
Author: U. S. Gupta
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