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Category : Criminal law
Languages : nl
Pages : 636

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Author: Simone van der Hof
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9462652880
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 556

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This book centres on Webcam Child Sex Tourism and the Sweetie Project initiated by the children’s rights organization Terre des Hommes in 2013 in response to the exponential increase of online child abuse. Webcam child sex tourism is a growing international problem, which not only encourages the abuse and sexual exploitation of children and provides easy access to child-abuse images, but which is also a crime involving a relatively low risk for offenders as live-streamed webcam performances leave few traces that law enforcement can use. Moreover, webcam child sex tourism often has a cross-border character, which leads to jurisdictional conflicts and makes it even harder to obtain evidence, launch investigations or prosecute suspects. Terre des Hommes set out to actively tackle webcam child sex tourism by employing a virtual 10-year old Philippine girl named Sweetie, a so-called chatbot, to identify offenders in chatrooms. Sweetie 1.0 could be deployed only if police officers participated in chats, and thus was limited in dealing with the large number of offenders. With this in mind, a more pro-active and preventive approach was adopted to tackle the issue. Sweetie 2.0 was developed with an automated chat function to track, identify and deter individuals using the internet to sexually abuse children. Using chatbots allows the monitoring of larger parts of the internet to locate and identify (potential) offenders, and to send them messages to warn of the legal consequences should they proceed further. But using artificial intelligence raises serious legal questions. For instance, is sexually interacting with a virtual child actually a criminal offence? How do rules of criminal procedure apply to Sweetie as investigative software? Does using Sweetie 2.0 constitute entrapment? This book, the outcome of a comparative law research initiative by Leiden University’s Center for Law and Digital Technologies (eLaw) and the Tilburg Institute for Law, Technology, and Society (TILT), addresses the application of substantive criminal law and criminal procedure to Sweetie 2.0 within various jurisdictions around the world. This book is especially relevant for legislators and policy-makers, legal practitioners in criminal law, and all lawyers and academics interested in internet-related sexual offences and in Artificial Intelligence and law. Professor Simone van der Hof is General Director of Research at t he Center for Law and Digital Technologies (eLaw) of the Leiden Law School at Leiden University, The Netherlands. Ilina Georgieva, LL.M., is a PhD researcher at the Faculty of Governance and Global Affairs at Leiden University, Bart Schermer is an associate professor at the Center for Law and Digital Technologies (eLaw) of the Leiden Law School, and Professor Bert-Jaap Koops is Professor of Regulation and Technology at the Tilburg Institute for Law, Technology, and Society (TILT), Tilburg University, The Netherlands./div

Author: Richard Van Herzeele
Publisher: Gompel&Svacina
ISBN: 9463715134
Category : Art
Languages : en
Pages : 290

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The role of private actors in policing has become a topic in both research and policy, as police forces face budgetary and expertise-related constraints. These challenges are evident in art crime policing, where a lack of prioritisation often means limited resources are allocated for a crime that requires significant expertise to tackle. Cooperating with private actors has been mooted as a solution to this deficit, but empirical research to support this suggestion is scarce. This book helps fill this gap by examining the interaction between specialist art crime police units and private actors in Belgium, the United Kingdom, and France. Its central questions are whether cooperation already exists in art crime policing, and why, or not. It was found that while limits to police capacity are an important driver for private outreach, several other factors also significantly affect cooperation. This book is relevant for policy, practice, and research, as it examines a hitherto less discussed topic which is nonetheless urgent as art crime shows little signs of abating.

Author: Academie De Droit International De La Ha
Publisher: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers
ISBN: 9789028613720
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 700

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The Academy is a prestigious international institution for the study and teaching of Public and Private International Law and related subjects. The work of the Hague Academy receives the support and recognition of the UN. Its purpose is to encourage a thorough and impartial examination of the problems arising from international relations in the field of law. The courses deal with the theoretical and practical aspects of the subject, including legislation and case law. All courses at the Academy are, in principle, published in the language in which they were delivered in the "Collected Courses of the Hague Academy of International Law .

Author: Henry L. Mason
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401195323
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 208

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This study is based on research which I conducted in the Netherlands in 1948 and 1949. In addition, I was able to rely on experiences and impressions of the 1944-1946 period, when I was stationed in the Low Countries as a United States Army Military Intelligence Officer. In my description of Dutch purge measures I have attempte~ to be as unbiased a judge as possible; whenever I was unable to arrive at a definite conclusion I con tented myself with describing the opposing points of view. I am quite aware that this attitude of "neutrality" may be criticized, not only by many ex-Resistance men who have become dis gusted with the alleged softness of the purge, but also by many others who appear equally dismayed about its severity. For purposes of comparison, readers who are familiar with action against collaborators in other countries - such as France, Italy, or the Balkans - may note that the Dutch purge was not dominated by considerations of party politics. All Dutchme- employers and workers, Protestants and Catholics, Conservatives and Socialists - had been united in their resistance against the enemy. Consequently, disagreements about purge measures did not follow class, religious, or party lines. The few Dutch Commu nists had never been able to dominate the Resistance; neither were they able to exploit the purge for their purposes. Thus, in Holland problems of collaboration and purge could be studied in their purest form, without consideration of other factors.

Author: Paul Lambert
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN: 1780438303
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 743

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"Social media has become the online meeting place. People now communicate on an unparalleled scale. Covering 34 countries, this text provides a useful snapshot of the issues that permeate virtual life. This text will aid lawyers when looking for where to begin when faced with a problem in this fast moving arena." Stephen Mason, barrister, academic and author International Handbook of Social Media Laws is the only title currently available to address social networking laws at an international level. It clearly explains each of the main legal issues and developments across various legal jurisdictions to ensure that a company's social media presence can be fully compliant with the law of each country. It covers all aspects of the law from a UK and international perspective by offering country report chapters that highlight the legal issues, cases and rules in each jurisdiction. Reviews “I was simply riveted ... [expert contributors] of a very high order indeed ... so much more than a worthy compendium of SM laws and cases. It simply brings the whole subject alive ... [it] not merely describes what is going on. It makes you think. That is why this book is so valuable ...” The Rt. Hon. Professor Sir Robin Jacob. Foreword. “Social media has become the online meeting place. People now communicate on an unparalleled scale. Covering 34 countries, this text provides a useful snapshot of the issues that permeate virtual life. This text will aid the lawyer, student, journalist and others when looking for where to begin when faced with a problem in this fast moving arena.” Stephen Mason. Barrister, International expert and author on electronic evidence and electronic signatures. “In one wide-ranging volume, Lambert and the country reporters demonstrate that law can not only keep up with technological change, but can in fact stay well ahead by anticipating upcoming questions. This comprehensive comparative reference will be invaluable for lawyers and students serious about the widespread legal impact of social software, and the myriad ways in which different legal regimes react to these new and growing challenges.” Professor Joshua Fairfield. Washington and Lee University School of Law. The Internet offers amazing and at times bewildering choices, especially when it comes to online social media. This volume is your guiding star, shedding expert light not only on the legal perspectives of issues cropping up, but also on what we can expect the future to hold. An essential work for everyone in the field! Viktor Mayer-Schönberger. Professor Oxford Internet Institute, internet and law expert, author of the bestselling book Delete: The Virtue of Forgetting in the Digital Age.

Author: René Van Hezewijk
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031743911
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 296

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Author: Han Bing Siong
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 900428656X
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 86

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Author: Hans W. Blom
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 900417513X
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 428

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Contains papers from a conference on De iure praedae, held in June 2005 at the Netherlands Institute for Advanced Study in the Humanities and Social Sciences.

Author: David J. Cornwell
Publisher: Waterside Press
ISBN: 1904380042
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 571

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Probably the best collection there is, Civilizing Criminal Justice is an inescapable resource for anyone interested in restorative justice: truly international and packed with experience while combining history, theory, developments and practical advice.This volume of specially commissioned contributions by widely respected commentators on crime and punishment from various countries is a 'break-through' in bringing together some of the best arguments for long-overdue penal reform. An increasingly urgent need to change outmoded criminal processes, even in advanced democracies, demands an end to those penal excesses driven by political expediency and damaging notions of retribution, deterrence and punishment for its own sake. 'Civilising' criminal justice will make it fairer, more consistent, understandable and considerate towards victims of crime, currently largely excluded from participation. Principles of reparative and restorative justice have become increasingly influential in the quest to provide justice which tackles harm, compensates victims, repairs relationships, resolves debilitating conflicts and calls offenders to account. And in any case, what real justification is there for subjecting more and more people to the expensive but hollow experience of prison, especially at a time of economic stringency. Civil justice - in its various forms - can be swifter, cheaper and more effective, in court or through mediated processes focusing on the harmful consequences of offences rather than inflicting punishment that may satisfy a baying media but come home to haunt the community. This brave and generous book (600 pages) illustrates the many different ways in which criminal justice can be 'civilised' and how lessons can be learned from practical experience across the world and shared expertise. It is a volume that every politician should read, every criminal justice professional should possess, and that every student of criminology and penology will find invaluable. David Cornwell, John Blad and Martin Wright are three of the leading international experts on this topic with many publications to their names individually. Contributors: Serge Gutwirth and Paul De Hert (Belgium), Federico Reggio (Italy), Bas van Stokkom (The Netherlands), Lode Walgrave (Belgium), Susan Easton and Christine Piper (UK), Louis Blom-Cooper QC (UK), Tapio Lappi-Seppälä (Finland), Thomas Trenczek (Germany), Jean-Pierre Bonafé-Schmitt (France), Per Andersen (Norway), Claire Spivakovsky (Australia), Ann Skelton (Republic of South Africa), Borbála Fellegi (Hungary), Judge Fred McElrea (New Zealand); and the editors. John Braithwaite is a Distinguished Professor at the Australian National University, author of ground-breaking works on restorative justice and recipient of various awards.