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Author: Karen E. Thome Publisher: ISBN: 9781267969873 Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
My dissertation focuses on the structure of three different agricultural markets that have been at the forefront of changes in industry structure in the last two decades. As agroindustry expands in the developing world, there is a focus on high-value agricultural exports and demand from a growing middle class; my first essay is a model of contracting for such a commodity when quality is important. Market liberalization has led to changes in the structure of agricultural markets; essay 2 tests for market power in the newly privatized corn flour industry in Mexico. Finally, the search for agricultural value added has led to investment in corn ethanol plants in the United States; essay 3 models strategic interactions among these plants. Essay 1 is a model of an agricultural contract where quality is measurable, but measurement of quality is not always enforced. First I show that the buyer with market power can benefit from restricting the number of contracts he signs because the contract price is dependent on the expected spot market price. Under some circumstances it may be optimal for a buyer of the agricultural product to reject high-quality product that he has contracted. In this model rational producers are not harmed by the rejection itself, because they are compensated for the potential rejection in the contract price. Policy interventions that focus on inhibiting the ability of the buyer to influence the spot market price could improve producer well being. In essay 2, I estimate market power in the corn flour market in Mexico. After ratifying NAFTA, Mexico had to move from state-trader intervention along the corn-corn flour-tortilla supply chain to a free-market model. Post-liberalization, Mexican tortilla and corn flour prices increased, while corn prices remained flat. Because the corn flour market is highly concentrated, I ask whether this divergence in price is due to flour producers' ability to exercise market power. Using a NEIO oligopoly model, I find no evidence of market power in the corn flour sector. Essay 3 focuses on the growth of ethanol production in the United States. A favorable policy environment and high oil prices, among other factors, led to enormous investment in the United States ethanol industry beginning in the late 1990s. In this essay I ask what factors contributed to the timing and location of these investments, specifically focusing on strategic interactions among plants. I use both reduced-form and structural models of investment, and find a net-negative effect of incumbent plants on investment.
Author: Karen E. Thome Publisher: ISBN: 9781267969873 Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
My dissertation focuses on the structure of three different agricultural markets that have been at the forefront of changes in industry structure in the last two decades. As agroindustry expands in the developing world, there is a focus on high-value agricultural exports and demand from a growing middle class; my first essay is a model of contracting for such a commodity when quality is important. Market liberalization has led to changes in the structure of agricultural markets; essay 2 tests for market power in the newly privatized corn flour industry in Mexico. Finally, the search for agricultural value added has led to investment in corn ethanol plants in the United States; essay 3 models strategic interactions among these plants. Essay 1 is a model of an agricultural contract where quality is measurable, but measurement of quality is not always enforced. First I show that the buyer with market power can benefit from restricting the number of contracts he signs because the contract price is dependent on the expected spot market price. Under some circumstances it may be optimal for a buyer of the agricultural product to reject high-quality product that he has contracted. In this model rational producers are not harmed by the rejection itself, because they are compensated for the potential rejection in the contract price. Policy interventions that focus on inhibiting the ability of the buyer to influence the spot market price could improve producer well being. In essay 2, I estimate market power in the corn flour market in Mexico. After ratifying NAFTA, Mexico had to move from state-trader intervention along the corn-corn flour-tortilla supply chain to a free-market model. Post-liberalization, Mexican tortilla and corn flour prices increased, while corn prices remained flat. Because the corn flour market is highly concentrated, I ask whether this divergence in price is due to flour producers' ability to exercise market power. Using a NEIO oligopoly model, I find no evidence of market power in the corn flour sector. Essay 3 focuses on the growth of ethanol production in the United States. A favorable policy environment and high oil prices, among other factors, led to enormous investment in the United States ethanol industry beginning in the late 1990s. In this essay I ask what factors contributed to the timing and location of these investments, specifically focusing on strategic interactions among plants. I use both reduced-form and structural models of investment, and find a net-negative effect of incumbent plants on investment.
Author: C. Peter Timmer Publisher: A E I Press ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 108
Book Description
This monograph, A World without Agriculture, was the 2007 Henry Wendt Lecture, delivered at the American Enterprise Institute (AEI) in Washington, D.C. on October 30, 2007. The Wendt Lecture is delivered annually by a scholar who has made major contributions to our understanding of the modern phenomenon of globalization and its consequences for social welfare, government policy, and the expansion of liberal political institutions.
Author: Steve Martinez Publisher: DIANE Publishing ISBN: 1437933629 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 87
Book Description
This comprehensive overview of local food systems explores alternative definitions of local food, estimates market size and reach, describes the characteristics of local consumers and producers, and examines early indications of the economic and health impacts of local food systems. Defining ¿local¿ based on marketing arrangements, such as farmers selling directly to consumers at regional farmers¿ markets or to schools, is well recognized. Statistics suggest that local food markets account for a small, but growing, share of U.S. agricultural production. For smaller farms, direct marketing to consumers accounts for a higher percentage of their sales than for larger farms. Charts and tables.
Author: Amartya Sen Publisher: OUP Oxford ISBN: 0191037435 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 270
Book Description
The main focus of this book is on the causation of starvation in general and of famines in particular. The author develops the alternative method of analysis—the 'entitlement approach'—concentrating on ownership and exchange, not on food supply. The book also provides a general analysis of the characterization and measurement of poverty. Various approaches used in economics, sociology, and political theory are critically examined. The predominance of distributional issues, including distribution between different occupation groups, links up the problem of conceptualizing poverty with that of analyzing starvation.
Author: Adam Prakash Publisher: Bright Sparks ISBN: Category : Food prices Languages : en Pages : 620
Book Description
A timely publication as world leaders deliberate the causes of the latest bouts of food price volatility and search for solutions that address the recent velocity of financial, economic, political, demographic, and climatic change. As a collection compiled from a diverse group of economists, analysts, traders, institutions and policy formulators - comprising multiple methodologies and viewpoints - the book exposes the impact of volatility on global food security, with particular focus on the world's most vulnerable.
Author: John A. Dixon Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN: 9789251046272 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 424
Book Description
A joint FAO and World Bank study which shows how the farming systems approach can be used to identify priorities for the reduction of hunger and poverty in the main farming systems of the six major developing regions of the world.
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN: 9251340714 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 245
Book Description
On top of a decade of exacerbated disaster loss, exceptional global heat, retreating ice and rising sea levels, humanity and our food security face a range of new and unprecedented hazards, such as megafires, extreme weather events, desert locust swarms of magnitudes previously unseen, and the COVID-19 pandemic. Agriculture underpins the livelihoods of over 2.5 billion people – most of them in low-income developing countries – and remains a key driver of development. At no other point in history has agriculture been faced with such an array of familiar and unfamiliar risks, interacting in a hyperconnected world and a precipitously changing landscape. And agriculture continues to absorb a disproportionate share of the damage and loss wrought by disasters. Their growing frequency and intensity, along with the systemic nature of risk, are upending people’s lives, devastating livelihoods, and jeopardizing our entire food system. This report makes a powerful case for investing in resilience and disaster risk reduction – especially data gathering and analysis for evidence informed action – to ensure agriculture’s crucial role in achieving the future we want.
Author: Karen E. Thome
Author: Karen E. Thome
Author: Shu Meng
Author: C. Peter Timmer
Author: Kenneth Roger Weiss
Author: Steve Martinez
Author: Amartya Sen
Author: Adam Prakash
Author: John A. Dixon
Author: 
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations