Author: Roger WhitePublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 722
Book Description
Three Essays on the Economic Consequences of Increased Global Integration
Author: Roger WhiteThree Essays on the Economic Consequences of Increased Global Integration
Author: Roger WhiteEssays on Technology, Trade, and Welfare
Author: Jun RuanPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Convergence (Economics)
Languages : en
Pages : 294
Book Description
Technology is a key determinant of comparative advantage among nations. As information technology improves and the nations of the world become economically integrated, concern arises over the dissipation of high-income economies' technological advantage. The three essays in this dissertation explore the trade and technology relationship, which is essential to economic growth in both high-and low-income nations. The first essay employs a monopolistic competition framework to investigate the effects -- on each country's relative wages, share of global markets, and welfare -- of the productivity convergence between a technological leader and follower. Results indicate technological convergence improves the follower's competitiveness at the expense of the leader's. Nevertheless, the leader's welfare improves unambiguously on account of the increase in its terms of trade, while the follower's welfare changes in a direction depending on the relative strength of convergence's income and terms-of-trade effects. We use data from 17 food industries in 30 countries, 1993-2001, to test these analytical predictions. Convergence has lifted followers' income and global value-added share. Followers' welfare has risen since convergence's income improvement has outweighed its terms-of-trade deterioration. Simultaneously, leaders' welfare has improved in response to their improved terms of trade. The second essay employs data from 35 countries in 128 ISIC 4-digit manufacturing industries, 1993 - 2001, to test the empirical validity of these same hypotheses for the international manufacturing sector. We find that, just as in the food sector, convergence improves followers' welfare through its positive income effects. However, we do not find empirical evidence of convergence's terms-of-trade effects. The third essay examines trade liberalization's effects on the geographical distribution of productivity, and consequent cross-country resource and market-share allocations, of five processed food industries. We find that the mean and other quantiles of the global productivity distribution shift to the right as international trade liberalizes. The latter result implies that resources are reallocated toward countries with faster productivity growth. The three essays jointly highlight the important influence of global integration and technological convergence on nations' economic growth and well-being. However, policies promoting integration and convergence should pay attention to the consequent intra-country redistribution of income between producers and consumers.
Essays in International Trade and Public Economics
Author: Margarita M. KalamovaPublisher: Peter Lang Gmbh, Internationaler Verlag Der Wissenschaften
ISBN: 9783631621394
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 131
Book Description
The essays of this book are contributions to the empirical Literature in International Trade and Public Economics. They deal with the relationship between the structure and quality of the public sector and the process of economic integration. Two of the essays add to the empirical determinants of trade and foreign direct investment (FDI) and to the numerous applications of the theory of government decentralization. Decentralization tends to discourage inward FDI and domestic trade and to increase imports and exports. A third essay focuses on the effect of governments' intangible assets - such as consumer perceptions about countries and products from these countries - on FDI. A country's nation brand is shown to have a significant and large positive effect on investment flows.
Journal of Economic Literature
Author: Essays on economic integration
Author: Publisher: Rozenberg Publishers
ISBN: 9051707029
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 162
Book Description
Globalization, Growth, and Poverty
Author: Paul CollierPublisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 9780821350485
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 200
Book Description
Globalization - the growing integration of economies and societies around the world, is a complex process. The focus of this research is the impact of economic integration on developing countries and especially the poor people living in these countries. Whether economic integration supports poverty reduction and how it can do so more effectively are key questions asked. The research yields 3 main findings with bearings on current policy debates about globalization. Firstly, poor countries with some 3 billion people have broken into the global market for manufactures and services, and this successful integration has generally supported poverty reduction. Secondly, inclusion both across countries and within them is important as a number of countries (pop. 2 billion) are failing as states, trading less and less, and becoming marginal to the world economy. Thirdly, standardization or homogenization is a concern - will economic integration lead to cultural or institutional homogenization?
Global Waves of Debt
Author: M. Ayhan KosePublisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464815453
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 403
Book Description
The global economy has experienced four waves of rapid debt accumulation over the past 50 years. The first three debt waves ended with financial crises in many emerging market and developing economies. During the current wave, which started in 2010, the increase in debt in these economies has already been larger, faster, and broader-based than in the previous three waves. Current low interest rates mitigate some of the risks associated with high debt. However, emerging market and developing economies are also confronted by weak growth prospects, mounting vulnerabilities, and elevated global risks. A menu of policy options is available to reduce the likelihood that the current debt wave will end in crisis and, if crises do take place, will alleviate their impact.
The Demographic Dividend
Author: David BloomPublisher: Rand Corporation
ISBN: 0833033735
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 127
Book Description
There is long-standing debate on how population growth affects national economies. A new report from Population Matters examines the history of this debate and synthesizes current research on the topic. The authors, led by Harvard economist David Bloom, conclude that population age structure, more than size or growth per se, affects economic development, and that reducing high fertility can create opportunities for economic growth if the right kinds of educational, health, and labor-market policies are in place. The report also examines specific regions of the world and how their differing policy environments have affected the relationship between population change and economic development.
Globalization and Poverty
Author: Ann HarrisonPublisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 0226318001
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 674
Book Description
Over the past two decades, the percentage of the world’s population living on less than a dollar a day has been cut in half. How much of that improvement is because of—or in spite of—globalization? While anti-globalization activists mount loud critiques and the media report breathlessly on globalization’s perils and promises, economists have largely remained silent, in part because of an entrenched institutional divide between those who study poverty and those who study trade and finance. Globalization and Poverty bridges that gap, bringing together experts on both international trade and poverty to provide a detailed view of the effects of globalization on the poor in developing nations, answering such questions as: Do lower import tariffs improve the lives of the poor? Has increased financial integration led to more or less poverty? How have the poor fared during various currency crises? Does food aid hurt or help the poor? Poverty, the contributors show here, has been used as a popular and convenient catchphrase by parties on both sides of the globalization debate to further their respective arguments. Globalization and Poverty provides the more nuanced understanding necessary to move that debate beyond the slogans.