Three Essays on Intergenerational Mobility, Sex Ratios, and Marriage Market in China PDF Download

Author: Yuan Hu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Author: Li-Chung Hu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 230

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China has undergone remarkable socioeconomic and demographic transitions in recent decades. In the wake of these changes, a large body of research has investigated the ways that socioeconomic status shapes family formation, labor market outcomes, and health and wellbeing. While sociological research in China disproportionately focuses on socioeconomic status as an important factor in understanding family formation, labor market outcomes and health disparities, there is little attention to health as an important human capital dimension--one that might matter for labor market outcomes, and might be related to marriage. By utilizing the China Health and Nutrition Survey, a large-scale, longitudinal survey, this study enables investigation of competing hypotheses about linkages among marriage, health and social stratification over the life course. Chapter one of the dissertation addresses how marriage is related to an individual's health over the life course. Chapter 2 investigates a) the association between marital transition and weight change and b) how this association differs by gender. Chapter 3 investigates the association between weight status and labor market opportunities, and how this relationship varies by gender and level of urbanization of communities, given rising concerns about labor market discrimination and imbalanced regional development. Empirical results show that marriage is related to individuals' self-rated health over the life course, but that the relationship varies by gender. Among men, there are no health differences by marital status after accounting for selection bias. Among women, health differences between those who are single and those who are married are trivial, but health benefits of marriage emerge when comparing married and widowed women. Moreover, the health benefits of marriage for women erode over the life course. Married people are also heavier than non-married people, and non-married women lose more weight than their married counterparts. This phenomenon may be due to parental pressures to marry and other attributes of the Chinese context. Furthermore, heavier people--men and women--also face more difficulties in finding a job, and these difficulties are aggravated in highly-urbanized communities. In summary, this dissertation shows that health disparities are closely tied to marriage and to labor market opportunities in China.

Author: Wolfgang Keller
Publisher:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Author: Yi Fan
Publisher:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: Shoshana Grossbard-schectman
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1000306461
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 369

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Marriage is an institution that plays a central role in most societies. As it affects decisions regarding labor supply, consumption, reproduction, and other important decisions, marriage receives considerable attention in academic circles. Much research has been done about marriage, principally by sociologists, psychologists, and anthropologists.

Author: Juan Gabriel Rodríguez
Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing
ISBN: 1780520344
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 259

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Eight papers, both theoretical and applied, on the concept of equality of opportunity which says that a society should guarantee its members equal access to advantage regardless of their circumstances, while holding them responsible for turning that access into actual advantage by the application of effort.

Author: Jane Humphries
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 606

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Presents 27 articles dating from 1923 to 1994 on gender differences, female labour supply, male-female wage differences and on the historical significance of women's work.

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309452961
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 583

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In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.

Author: Joseph P. H. Fan
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 0226237249
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 401

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La 4e de couverture indique : "Despite a vast accumulation of private capital, China is not embracing capitalism. Deceptively familiar capitalist features disguise the profoundly unfamiliar foundations of "market socialism with Chinese characteristics." The Chinese Communist Party (CCP), by controlling the career advancement of all senior personnel in all regulatory agencies, all state-owned enterprises (SOEs), and virtually all major financial institutions state-owned enterprises (SOEs), and senior Party positions in all but the smallest non-SOE enterprises, retains sole possession of Lenin's Commanding Heights. The chapters in this volume examine China's high savings rate, banking system, financial markets, financial regulations, corporate governance, and public finances; and consider policy alternatives the CCP might consider if its goal is China's elevation into the ranks of high income countries."

Author: Vegard Iversen
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0192650734
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 506

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Social mobility is the hope of economic development and the mantra of a good society. There are disagreements about what constitutes social mobility, but there is broad agreement that people should have roughly equal chances of success regardless of their economic status at birth. Concerns about rising inequality have engendered a renewed interest in social mobility—especially in the developing world. However, efforts to construct the databases and meet the standards required for conventional analyses of social mobility are at a preliminary stage and need to be complemented by innovative, conceptual, and methodological advances. If forms of mobility have slowed in the West, then we might be entering an age of rigid stratification with defined boundaries between the always-haves and the never-haves-which does not augur well for social stability. Social mobility research is ongoing, with substantive findings in different disciplines—typically with researchers in isolation from each other. A key contribution of this book is the pulling together of the emerging streams of knowledge. Generating policy-relevant knowledge is a principal concern. Three basic questions frame the study of diverse aspects of social mobility in the book. How to assess the extent of social mobility in a given development context when the datasets by conventional measurement techniques are unavailable? How to identify drivers and inhibitors of social mobility in particular developing country contexts? How to acquire the knowledge required to design interventions to raise social mobility, either by increasing upward mobility or by lowering downward mobility?