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Author: Tsewang Rigzin Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This dissertation consists of three papers at the intersection of social policy and immigration. The first paper analyzes the impact of immigrant welfare exclusion on government social spending at both an aggregate and specific social program level, using cross-national social expenditure panel data from 21 Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries between 1990 and 2015 and taking advantage of the significant variation in welfare exclusivity across OECD countries by year. The second paper utilizes the variation in states' response to the Affordable Care Act's Medicaid expansion to investigate its effects on low-income immigrants' inter-state mobility, specifically in-migration, and out-migration. Finally, the third paper utilizes data from the National Survey of Children's Health to examine the effect of the announcement of the Trump administration's revised Public Charge rule on insurance coverage and other health outcomes for children of immigrant parents.
Author: Tsewang Rigzin Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This dissertation consists of three papers at the intersection of social policy and immigration. The first paper analyzes the impact of immigrant welfare exclusion on government social spending at both an aggregate and specific social program level, using cross-national social expenditure panel data from 21 Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries between 1990 and 2015 and taking advantage of the significant variation in welfare exclusivity across OECD countries by year. The second paper utilizes the variation in states' response to the Affordable Care Act's Medicaid expansion to investigate its effects on low-income immigrants' inter-state mobility, specifically in-migration, and out-migration. Finally, the third paper utilizes data from the National Survey of Children's Health to examine the effect of the announcement of the Trump administration's revised Public Charge rule on insurance coverage and other health outcomes for children of immigrant parents.
Author: Peter Schuck Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 0429981244 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 476
Book Description
Immigration is one of the critical issues of our time. In Citizens, Strangers, and In-Betweens, an integrated series of fourteen essays, Yale professor Peter Schuck analyzes the complex social forces that have been unleashed by unprecedented legal and illegal migration to the United States, forces that are reshaping American society in countless ways. Schuck first presents the demographic, political, economic, legal, and cultural contexts in which these transformations are occurring. He then shows how the courts, Congress, and the states are responding to the tensions created by recent immigration. Next, he explores the nature of American citizenship, challenging traditional ways of defining the national community and analyzing the controversial topics of citizenship for illegal alien children, the devaluation and revaluation of American citizenship, and plural citizenship. In a concluding section, Schuck focuses on four vital and explosive policy issues: immigration's effects on the civil rights movement, the cultural differences among various American ethnic groups as revealed in their experiences as immigrants throughout the world, the protection of refugees fleeing persecution, and immigration's effects on American society in recent years.
Author: Xiaoning Huang Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
This research is funded by Columbia University Weatherhead East Asia Institute's Dorothy Borg Research Program Dissertation Research Fellowship. The third paper centers on the less-educated immigrant groups in the US and investigates the gap in welfare use between less-educated immigrant and native households during 1995-2018, spanning periods of economic recessions and recoveries, changes in welfare policy regimes, and policies towards immigrants. I use "decomposition analysis" to study to what extend demographic factors, macroeconomic trends, and welfare and immigration policy could explain the disparities in welfare participation between immigrants and natives. This paper is co-authored with Dr. Neeraj Kaushal from Columbia School of Social Work and Dr. Julia Shu-Huah Wang from the University of Hong Kong. The work has been published in Population Research and Policy Review (doi.org/10.1007/s11113-020-09621-8).
Author: Ben Arthur Rissing Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 158
Book Description
This dissertation examines how U.S. immigration policies, as implemented by government agents, shape migration and key employment outcomes of foreign nationals. Using unique quantitative and qualitative data, never previously available outside the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (U.S. CIS) and U.S. Department of Labor (U.S. DoL), I assess agents' work legalization decisions that annually affect hundreds of thousands of workers. In so doing, I distinguish between competing theoretical accounts of labor market inequality and regulatory failure. In my first essay, I examine new U.S. CIS Freedom of Information Act data on the entire population of approved and denied H- 1B temporary work visas over a five year period. I find that immigrant workers from sending countries with lower levels of economic development are less likely to receive approvals for initial and continuing employment requests, all else equal. In support of social boundary theories, but not theories of preference-based inequality, I find no statistically significant differences in approval outcomes among those immigrants previously granted legal standing and seeking to change jobs or employers. In the second essay (co-authored with Professor Emilio J. Castilla), we examine quantitative data on the entire population of approved and denied labor certification requests, a key prerequisite for most employment-based green cards, evaluated by U.S. DoL agents over a 40 month period. We find that approvals differ significantly depending on immigrants' foreign citizenship, all else equal. Yet, and in support of statistical accounts of inequality, we find that approvals are equally likely for immigrant workers from the vast majority of citizenship groups when agents review audited applications with detailed employment information. In my final essay, I analyze qualitative data from U.S. DoL analysts charged with ensuring that the hiring of immigrant workers will not adversely affect the employment of U.S. citizens. In so doing, I explore why regulation may fail to achieve its desired outcome. In contrast to past work, I proposed that well-designed and faithfully-enacted regulation may produce inconsistent or ineffective outcomes when reliant on regulated actors' truthful accounts of their activities, resulting in "anomic regulation" that masks evaluation rules and constrains regulated actors' ability to improve compliance. 2
Author: Ashley Muchow Publisher: ISBN: Category : Illegal aliens Languages : en Pages : 110
Book Description
Toward the end of the 20th century, the U.S. witnessed a wave of immigration made up of both legal residents and a large undocumented population that have since settled, started families, and developed strong community ties. Modern immigration policy has concentrated heavily on enforcement in the absence of comprehensive immigration reform, and a growing body of research suggests these escalations may carry unintended social consequences. This dissertation consists of three interrelated studies that seek to disentangle the structural factors that affect levels of economic and social integration of minority and immigrant populations. Using data from Los Angeles, this dissertation focuses on two aspects of public life critical to productive and healthy living: the labor market and public safety. The first chapter considers how undocumented immigrants fare in the labor market. The second examines whether recent escalations in immigration enforcement influenced the willingness of Latino immigrants to engage with the police. Finally, the third chapter evaluates the effectiveness of community policing in reducing crime and increasing police engagement in predominately-Latino neighborhoods. Overall, this dissertation suggests that enforcement-focused immigration policy intensifies barriers to integration and may jeopardize public safety, but there are tools localities can use to improve conditions in affected communities. I find both real and perceived exclusions limit immigrants' access to the formal labor market and law enforcement, and conclude with evidence of a promising approach to improve public safety in minority communities. These findings stress the need for federal immigration policies that balance enforcement with maintaining resident confidence in public institutions and encouraging the well-being and advancement of vulnerable populations.
Author: Tao Song Publisher: ISBN: Category : Electronic dissertations Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Using data from the U.S. censuses and American Community Surveys from 1950 to 2010, my dissertation investigates immigrants’ socio-economic integration in the U.S. I aim to study the causes and consequences of immigrants’ integration in the U.S. and to offer insights on policies that could facilitate immigrants in their assimilation process. The first chapter analyzes the increasing native-immigrant wage gaps since the 1980s. The second chapter studies the increasing wage premiums of intermarried immigrants since the 1980s. The third chapter studies why people live in ethnic enclaves. I find that technological change and globalization, which have increased the relative price of U.S.-specific social-communication and managerial skills since the 1980s, are important drivers of the widening wage gaps between natives and immigrants as well as the increasing wage premiums of intermarried immigrants. I also find that ethnic enclaves have a â€pulling†effect whereby immigration inflows to cities can simultaneously attract co-ethnic natives already living in the receiving cities to remain and entice co-ethnic natives living outside of the receiving cities to migrate in. I also find that this pulling effect is not due to potential monetary benefits in the labor market but is instead likely due to the lower housing prices and non-monetary benefits such as language convenience and ethnic amenities.
Author: Christina Boswell Publisher: Amsterdam University Press ISBN: 9089644539 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 486
Book Description
Michael Bommes (1954–2010) was one the most brilliant and original scholars of migration studies in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. This posthumously published collection brings together a selection of his most important essays on immigration, transnationalism, irregular migration, and migrant networks. “In Bommes, the academy lost a scholar with penetrating analyses of migration, the welfare state and social systems where the two interact. By completing his last project, Boswell and D'Amato have done scholarship a lasting service. A major contribution to public debate and a tribute to a very great man.”—Randall Hansen, University of Toronto
Author: Elie Murard Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 170
Book Description
This PhD dissertation presents three empirical studies on the economics of international migration. Chapter 1 examines how the migration of a household member to the United States affects the welfare of the other members left behind in rural areas of Mexico. Using a panel household survey, I show that non-migrants are better-off in terms of consumption and leisure time because (i) remittances sent by migrant exceed his/her initial contribution to the househok income and because (ii) the out- migration of a farmer raises the productivity of agricultural labor for those staying behind in the farm. Chapter 2 addresses the methodological issues empirical economists confront when they seek to identify the causal impact of migration on members left behind at origin. I propose a new method that takes into account the intra- household selection of migrants, i.e. the decision of which family members migrate and which stay behind, a problem that has remained largely ignored in the literature. Chapter 3 examines the effect of immigrant inflows in Europe on the evolution of natives' attitudes towards redistribution and immigration policy over the last decade. I find that attitudes are not only shaped by non-economic preferences, e.g. racial prejudice or differential altruism, but that they are also importantly determined by concerns on how immigration may affect the labor market, i.e. wages, and the Welfare State's finances, i.e. net social benefits.
Author: Tsewang Rigzin
Author: Tsewang Rigzin
Author: Peter Schuck
Author: Xiaoning Huang
Author: Ben Arthur Rissing
Author: Ashley Muchow
Author: Tao Song
Author: James Michael Sharpe
Author: Christina Boswell
Author: Atisha Ghosh
Author: Elie Murard