Thomson Scattering from Near-solid Density Plasmas Using Soft X-ray Free Electron Lasers PDF Download
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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 27
Book Description
We propose a collective Thomson scattering experiment at the VUV free electron laser facility at DESY (FLASH) which aims to diagnose warm dense matter at near-solid density. The plasma region of interest marks the transition from an ideal plasma to a correlated and degenerate many-particle system and is of current interest, e.g. in ICF experiments or laboratory astrophysics. Plasma diagnostic of such plasmas is a longstanding issue. The collective electron plasma mode (plasmon) is revealed in a pump-probe scattering experiment using the high-brilliant radiation to probe the plasma. The distinctive scattering features allow to infer basic plasma properties. For plasmas in thermal equilibrium the electron density and temperature is determined from scattering off the plasmon mode.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 27
Book Description
We propose a collective Thomson scattering experiment at the VUV free electron laser facility at DESY (FLASH) which aims to diagnose warm dense matter at near-solid density. The plasma region of interest marks the transition from an ideal plasma to a correlated and degenerate many-particle system and is of current interest, e.g. in ICF experiments or laboratory astrophysics. Plasma diagnostic of such plasmas is a longstanding issue. The collective electron plasma mode (plasmon) is revealed in a pump-probe scattering experiment using the high-brilliant radiation to probe the plasma. The distinctive scattering features allow to infer basic plasma properties. For plasmas in thermal equilibrium the electron density and temperature is determined from scattering off the plasmon mode.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 5
Book Description
We discuss the first successful K-[alpha] x-ray Thomson scattering experiment from solid density plasmas for use as a diagnostic in determining the temperature, density, and ionization state of warm dense matter with picosecond resolution. The development of this source as a diagnostic and stringent requirements for successful K-[alpha] x-ray Thomson scattering are addressed. Data for the experimental techniques described in this paper [1] suggest the capability of single shot characterization of warm dense matter and the ability to use this scattering source at future Free Electron Lasers (FEL) where comparable scattering signal levels are predicted.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 11
Book Description
We present collective Thomson scattering with soft x-ray free electron laser radiation as a method to track the evolution of warm dense matter plasmas with ≈200 fs time resolution. In a pump-probe scheme an 800 nm laser heats a 20 [mu]m hydrogen droplet to the plasma state. After a variable time delay in the order of ps the plasma is probed by an x-ray ultra violet (XUV) pulse which scatters from the target and is recorded spectrally. Alternatively, in a self-Thomson scattering experiment, a single XUV pulse heats the target while a portion of its photons are being scattered probing the target. From such inelastic x-ray scattering spectra free electron temperature and density can be inferred giving insight on relaxation time scales in plasmas as well as the equation of state. We prove the feasibility of this method in the XUV range utilizing the free electron laser facility in Hamburg, FLASH. We recorded Thomson scattering spectra for hydrogen plasma, both in the self-scattering and in the pump-probe mode using optical laser heating.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 4
Book Description
The basic idea is to implement Thomson scattering with free electron laser (FEL) radiation at near-solid density plasmas as a diagnostic method which allows the determination of plasma temperatures and densities in the warm dense matter (WDM) regime (free electron density of n{sub e} = 1021-1026 cm−3 with temperatures of several eV). The WDM regime [1] at near-solid density (n{sub e} = 1021-1022 cm−3) is of special interest because, it is where the transition from an ideal plasma to a degenerate, strongly coupled plasma occurs. A systematic understanding of this largely unknown WDM domain is crucial for the modeling and understanding of contemporary plasma experiments, like laser shock-wave or Z-pinch experiments as well as for inertial confinement fusion (ICF) experiments as the plasma evolution follows its path through this domain.
Author: Alison Marie-Anne Saunders Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 143
Book Description
High energy density physics (HEDP) is an emerging field that seeks to investigate the properties of matter at extreme conditions. High energy density conditions occur in materials with pressures exceeding 1 Mbar, or pressures that exceed Earth’s atmospheric pressure by a factor of more than a million. A regime of HEDP of particular interest is warm dense matter (WDM) physics, which describes the behavior of materials at near solid densities and 10’s of eV temperatures. WDM occurs in astrophysical objects, such as giant planets and brown dwarfs, and is also generated in inertial confinement fusion (ICF) experiments. X-ray Thomson scattering (XRTS) offers a powerful tool to probe the equation of state of WDM. XRTS spectra consist of two components: elastically scattered photons with the frequency of the original x-ray source and inelastically scattered photons that are down- shifted in frequency. The Compton-shifted profile of inelastically scattered x-rays can be analyzed to return the sample’s electron density and electron temperature. The ratio of elastically to inelastically scattered x-rays relates to the number of tightly bound versus free electrons, and thus reflects the ionization state. This thesis discusses the results of XRTS experiments on WDM performed at the OMEGA Laser facility. The first experiment presents and discusses XRTS results from 1 mm diamond spheres. The scattering spectra show evidence of higher ionization than predicted by several commonly-applied ionization models. A second experiment analyzed the contributions to elastic scattering from a small argon impurity in imploding beryllium capsules. The exper- iment found that less than 1 at.% of argon significantly affects the elastic scattering signal strength, and concluded that impurities in a sample should be considered before drawing conclusions from elastic scattering signals. The final experiment uses XRTS to measure the electron temperature and ionization state in isochorically heated materials used in ion stopping power experiments. The results from these experiments demonstrate the power of XRTS to measure ionization in WDM to benchmark theoretical modeling.
Author: Paul Corkum Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3540959467 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 1031
Book Description
Ultrafast Phenomena XVI presents the latest advances in ultrafast science, including both ultrafast optical technology and the study of ultrafast phenomena. It covers picosecond, femtosecond and attosecond processes relevant to applications in physics, chemistry, biology, and engineering. Ultrafast technology has a profound impact in a wide range of applications, amongst them biomedical imaging, chemical dynamics, frequency standards, material processing, and ultrahigh speed communications. This book summarizes the results presented at the 16th International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena and provides an up-to-date view of this important and rapidly advancing field.
Author: John Sheffield Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0080952038 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 512
Book Description
This work presents one of the most powerful methods of plasma diagnosis in exquisite detail, to guide researchers in the theory and measurement techniques of light scattering in plasmas. Light scattering in plasmas is essential in the research and development of fusion energy, environmental solutions, and electronics. Referred to as the "Bible" by researchers, the work encompasses fusion and industrial applications essential in plasma research. It is the only comprehensive resource specific to the plasma scattering technique. It provides a wide-range of experimental examples and discussion of their principles with worked examples to assist researchers in applying the theory. Computing techniques for solving basic equations helps researchers compare data to the actual experiment New material on advances on the experimental side, such as the application of high density plasmas of inertial fusion Worked out examples of the scattering technique for easier comprehension of theory
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 11
Book Description
Collective x-ray Thomson scattering allows measuring plasmons, i.e electron plasma oscillations (Langmuir waves). This is manifest in the appearance of spectrally up- and down-shifted spectral features in addition to the Rayleigh signal. The ratio of the up- and down-shifted signals is directly related to detailed balance, allowing to determine the plasma temperature from first principles. The spectral shift of the plasmon signals is sensitive to temperature and electron density. We discuss the experimental considerations that have to be fulfilled to observe plasmon signals with x-ray Thomson scattering. As an example, we describe an experiment that used the Cl Ly-[alpha] x-ray line at 2.96 keV to measure collective Thomson scattering from solid beryllium, isochorically heated to 18 eV. Since temperature measurement based on detailed balance is based on first principles, this method is important to validate models that, for example, calculate the static ion-ion structure factor S{sub ii}(k).
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 4
Book Description
Advances in the development of laser-produced x-ray sources have enabled a new class of high-energy density physics experiments. Powerful narrow-bandwidth x rays penetrate through short-lived hot dense states of matter and probe the physical properties with spectrally resolved x-ray scattering. Experiments from isochorically-heated plasmas with electron densities in the range of solid density and above have been demonstrated allowing for the first time exploration of the microscopic properties of dense matter regime close to strongly-coupled and Fermi degenerate conditions. Backscatter measurements have accessed the non-collective Compton scattering regime, which provides accurate diagnostic information on the temperature, density and ionization states. The forward scattering spectrum has been shown to measure the collective plasmon oscillations. Besides extracting the standard plasma parameters, density and temperature, forward scattering yields new observables such as a direct measure of collisions, quantum effects and detailed balance. In this talk, we will discuss new results important for applications of this technique for novel experiments in a wide range of research areas such as inertial confinement fusion, radiation-hydrodynamics, material science, and laboratory astrophysics.
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Author: ![Demonstration of Successful X-ray Thomson Scattering Using Picosecond K-[alpha] X-ray Sources for the Characterization of Dense Heated Matter PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/NcpLAQAACAAJ?fife=w80-h100)
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Author: Alison Marie-Anne Saunders
Author: John von Neumann-Institut für Computing
Author: Paul Corkum
Author: John Sheffield
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