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Author: Sigrún Svavarsdóttir Publisher: Taylor & Francis ISBN: 9780815335948 Category : Ethics Languages : en Pages : 166
Book Description
This work examines the nature of moral judgements. In the course of developing an account of moral judgements, the author discusses issues such as: moral motivation, the nature of desire, the justification of commitments, the relation between morality and rationality, the difference between moral and scientific inquiry, and the nature of properties, of concepts, and of normativity. The author argues-non-cognitivists who construe moral judgements as mere expressions of sentiments-that moral thought employs concepts which figure into the content of both cognitive and conative states of mind. She argues that this view is not a cause for any metaphysical worries about moral properties, and rejects the idea that the difference in the distinctive action-guiding role of moral judgements is to be understood in terms of the metaphysical nature of the facts which render them true. She also rejects the widespread idea that the distinctive action-guiding role of moral judgements amounts to their being intrinsically motivating, and argues that moral judgements motivate in collaboration with a desire which employs moral concepts in representing the desired state of affairs. Against some moral naturalists, the author argues that it is not a condition on the acceptance of a moral theory that its concepts have some explanatory function, and that this marks the crucial difference between the concepts unique to moral thought and those characteristic of scientific (or proto-scientific) thought). She suggests that this reflects a difference in the aims of moral and scientific inquiry. Appreciation of the distinctive aim of moral practice is required for the mastery of moral concepts and this is why moraljudgements are invariably understood as action-guiding, even if they are not in all cases motivating.
Author: Sigrún Svavarsdóttir Publisher: Taylor & Francis ISBN: 9780815335948 Category : Ethics Languages : en Pages : 166
Book Description
This work examines the nature of moral judgements. In the course of developing an account of moral judgements, the author discusses issues such as: moral motivation, the nature of desire, the justification of commitments, the relation between morality and rationality, the difference between moral and scientific inquiry, and the nature of properties, of concepts, and of normativity. The author argues-non-cognitivists who construe moral judgements as mere expressions of sentiments-that moral thought employs concepts which figure into the content of both cognitive and conative states of mind. She argues that this view is not a cause for any metaphysical worries about moral properties, and rejects the idea that the difference in the distinctive action-guiding role of moral judgements is to be understood in terms of the metaphysical nature of the facts which render them true. She also rejects the widespread idea that the distinctive action-guiding role of moral judgements amounts to their being intrinsically motivating, and argues that moral judgements motivate in collaboration with a desire which employs moral concepts in representing the desired state of affairs. Against some moral naturalists, the author argues that it is not a condition on the acceptance of a moral theory that its concepts have some explanatory function, and that this marks the crucial difference between the concepts unique to moral thought and those characteristic of scientific (or proto-scientific) thought). She suggests that this reflects a difference in the aims of moral and scientific inquiry. Appreciation of the distinctive aim of moral practice is required for the mastery of moral concepts and this is why moraljudgements are invariably understood as action-guiding, even if they are not in all cases motivating.
Author: Mark Johnson Publisher: University of Chicago Press ISBN: 022622323X Category : Philosophy Languages : en Pages : 302
Book Description
Using path-breaking discoveries of cognitive science, Mark Johnson argues that humans are fundamentally imaginative moral animals, challenging the view that morality is simply a system of universal laws dictated by reason. According to the Western moral tradition, we make ethical decisions by applying universal laws to concrete situations. But Johnson shows how research in cognitive science undermines this view and reveals that imagination has an essential role in ethical deliberation. Expanding his innovative studies of human reason in Metaphors We Live By and The Body in the Mind, Johnson provides the tools for more practical, realistic, and constructive moral reflection.
Author: R. M. Hare Publisher: OUP Oxford ISBN: 0191519871 Category : Philosophy Languages : en Pages : 253
Book Description
In this work, the author has fashioned out of the logical and linguistic theses of his earlier books a full-scale but readily intelligible account of moral argument.
Author: Hanno Sauer Publisher: ISBN: 9781138205147 Category : Cognition Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This book presents a new theory of the philosophy and cognitive science of moral judgment. Hanno Sauer defends an account of 'triple-process' moral psychology, arguing that moral thinking and reasoning are insufficiently understood when described in terms of a twin-track quick but intuitive and slow but rational type of cognition.
Author: Craig Taylor Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1317547705 Category : Philosophy Languages : en Pages : 259
Book Description
Moralism involves the distortion of moral thought, the distortion of reflection and judgement. It is a vice, and one to which many - from the philosopher to the media pundit to the politician - are highly susceptible. This book examines the nature of moralism in specific moral judgements and the ways in which moral philosophy and theories about morality can themselves become skewed by this vice. This book ranges across a wide range of topics: the problem of the demandingness of morality; the conflict between moral and other values; the contrast between the practice of moral philosophy and other modes of moral thought or reflection; moralism in the media; and, moralism in the public discussion of literature and art. This highly original and provocative book will be of interest to students of philosophy, psychology, theology and media, and to anyone who takes a serious interest in contemporary morality.
Author: J. Hermann Publisher: Springer ISBN: 1137447184 Category : Philosophy Languages : en Pages : 215
Book Description
Taking inspiration from the later Wittgenstein, On Moral Certainty, Justification and Practice explores the practical basis of human morality. It offers an account of moral certainty, which it links with a view of moral competence. Drawing on everyday examples, it is shown how morality is grounded in action, not in reasoning.
Author: Francis Snare Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1134946503 Category : Philosophy Languages : en Pages : 173
Book Description
The Nature of Moral Thinking is an introductory text to the questions of ethics, offering a solid philosophical and historical basis for understanding the central issues. Francis Snare discusses in detail the classical philosophical arguments of Plato and Butler in relation to relativism and subjectivism and treats Marx and Nietzsche in regard to the origins and explanation of morality.
Author: Lisbeth Lipari Publisher: Penn State Press ISBN: 0271076712 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 440
Book Description
Although listening is central to human interaction, its importance is often ignored. In the rush to speak and be heard, it is easy to neglect listening and disregard its significance as a way of being with others and the world. Drawing upon insights from phenomenology, linguistics, philosophy of communication, and ethics, Listening, Thinking, Being is both an invitation and an intervention meant to turn much of what readers know, or think they know, about language, communication, and listening inside out. It is not about how to be a good listener or the numerous pitfalls that stem from the failure to listen. Rather, the purpose of the book is, first, to make readers aware of the value and importance of listening as a fundamental human ability inextricably connected with language and thought; second, to alert readers to the complexity of listening from personal, cultural, and philosophical perspectives; and third, to offer readers a way to think of listening as a mode of communicative action by which humans create and abide in the world. Lisbeth Lipari brings together historical, literary, intercultural, scientific, musical, and philosophical perspectives, as well as a range of her own personal experiences, to produce this highly readable analysis of how “the human experience of being as an ethical relation with others . . . is enacted by means of listening.”
Author: Paul Bloomfield Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0190068221 Category : Philosophy Languages : en Pages : 601
Book Description
"Moral realism" is a family of theories of morality united by the idea that there are moral facts--facts about what is right or wrong or good or bad--and that morality is not simply a matter of personal preferences, emotions, attitudes, or sociological conventions. The fundamental thought underlying moral realism can be expressed as a parity thesis. There are many kinds of facts, including physical, psychological, mathematical, temporal, and moral facts. So understood, moral realism can be distinguished from a variety of anti-realist theories including expressivism, non-cognitivism, and error theory. The Handbook is divided into four parts, the first of which contains essays about the basic concepts and distinctions which characterize moral realism. The subsequent parts contain essays first defending the idea that morality is a naturalistic phenomenon like other subject matters studied by the empirical sciences; second, that morality is a non-natural phenomenon like logic or "pure rationality"; and the final section is dedicated to those theories which deny the usefulness of the natural/non-natural distinction. The twenty-five commissioned essays cover the field of moral realism in a comprehensive and highly accessible way.
Author: Mark Dimmock Publisher: Open Book Publishers ISBN: 1783743913 Category : Philosophy Languages : en Pages : 262
Book Description
What does pleasure have to do with morality? What role, if any, should intuition have in the formation of moral theory? If something is ‘simulated’, can it be immoral? This accessible and wide-ranging textbook explores these questions and many more. Key ideas in the fields of normative ethics, metaethics and applied ethics are explained rigorously and systematically, with a vivid writing style that enlivens the topics with energy and wit. Individual theories are discussed in detail in the first part of the book, before these positions are applied to a wide range of contemporary situations including business ethics, sexual ethics, and the acceptability of eating animals. A wealth of real-life examples, set out with depth and care, illuminate the complexities of different ethical approaches while conveying their modern-day relevance. This concise and highly engaging resource is tailored to the Ethics components of AQA Philosophy and OCR Religious Studies, with a clear and practical layout that includes end-of-chapter summaries, key terms, and common mistakes to avoid. It should also be of practical use for those teaching Philosophy as part of the International Baccalaureate. Ethics for A-Level is of particular value to students and teachers, but Fisher and Dimmock’s precise and scholarly approach will appeal to anyone seeking a rigorous and lively introduction to the challenging subject of ethics. Tailored to the Ethics components of AQA Philosophy and OCR Religious Studies.
Author: Sigrún Svavarsdóttir
Author: Sigrún Svavarsdóttir
Author: Mark Johnson
Author: R. M. Hare
Author: Hanno Sauer
Author: Craig Taylor
Author: J. Hermann
Author: Francis Snare
Author: Lisbeth Lipari
Author: Paul Bloomfield
Author: Mark Dimmock