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Author: Kenneth A. Connors Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 0470567511 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 379
Book Description
Designed for pharmacy students Now updated for its Second Edition, Thermodynamics of Pharmaceutical Systems provides pharmacy students with a much-needed introduction to the mathematical intricacies of thermodynamics in relation to practical laboratory applications. Designed to meet the needs of the contemporary curriculum in pharmacy schools, the text makes these connections clear, emphasizing specific applications to pharmaceutical systems including dosage forms and newer drug delivery systems. Students and practitioners involved in drug discovery, drug delivery, and drug action will benefit from Connors' and Mecozzi's authoritative treatment of the fundamentals of thermodynamics as well as their attention to drug molecules and experimental considerations. They will appreciate, as well, the significant revisions to the Second Edition. Expanding the book's scope and usefulness, the new edition: Explores in greater depth topics most relevant to the pharmacist such as drug discovery and drug delivery, supramolecular chemistry, molecular recognition, and nanotechnologies Moves the popular review of mathematics, formerly an appendix, to the front of the book Adds new textual material and figures in several places, most notably in the chapter treating noncovalent chemical interactions Two new appendices provide ancillary material that expands on certain matters bordering the subject of classical thermodynamics Thermodynamics need not be a mystery nor confined to the realm of mathematical theory. Thermodynamics of Pharmaceutical Systems, Second Edition demystifies for students the profound thermodynamic applications in the laboratory while also serving as a handy resource for practicing researchers.
Author: Kenneth A. Connors Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 0470567511 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 379
Book Description
Designed for pharmacy students Now updated for its Second Edition, Thermodynamics of Pharmaceutical Systems provides pharmacy students with a much-needed introduction to the mathematical intricacies of thermodynamics in relation to practical laboratory applications. Designed to meet the needs of the contemporary curriculum in pharmacy schools, the text makes these connections clear, emphasizing specific applications to pharmaceutical systems including dosage forms and newer drug delivery systems. Students and practitioners involved in drug discovery, drug delivery, and drug action will benefit from Connors' and Mecozzi's authoritative treatment of the fundamentals of thermodynamics as well as their attention to drug molecules and experimental considerations. They will appreciate, as well, the significant revisions to the Second Edition. Expanding the book's scope and usefulness, the new edition: Explores in greater depth topics most relevant to the pharmacist such as drug discovery and drug delivery, supramolecular chemistry, molecular recognition, and nanotechnologies Moves the popular review of mathematics, formerly an appendix, to the front of the book Adds new textual material and figures in several places, most notably in the chapter treating noncovalent chemical interactions Two new appendices provide ancillary material that expands on certain matters bordering the subject of classical thermodynamics Thermodynamics need not be a mystery nor confined to the realm of mathematical theory. Thermodynamics of Pharmaceutical Systems, Second Edition demystifies for students the profound thermodynamic applications in the laboratory while also serving as a handy resource for practicing researchers.
Author: Kenneth A. Connors Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 0471461393 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 358
Book Description
Studies of thermodynamics often fail to demonstrate how the mathematical intricacies of the subject relate to practical laboratory applications. Thermodynamics of Pharmaceutical Systems makes these connections clear, emphasizing specific applications to pharmaceutical systems in a study created specifically for contemporary curriculums at colleges of pharmacy. Students investigating drug discovery, drug delivery, and drug action will benefit from Kenneth Connors's authoritative treatment of the fundamentals of thermodynamics as well as his attention to drug molecules and experimental considerations. An extensive appendix that reviews the mathematics needed to master the pharmacy curriculum proves an invaluable reference. Connors divides his one-of-a-kind text into three sections: Basic Thermodynamics, Thermodynamics of Physical Processes, and Thermodynamics of Chemical Processes; chapters include: * Energy and the First Law of Thermodynamics * The Entropy Concept * Phase Transformations * Solubility * Acid-Base Equilibria * Noncovalent Binding Equilibria Thermodynamics need not be a mystery nor be confined to the realm of mathematical theory. Thermodynamics of Pharmaceutical Systems introduces students of pharmacy to the profound thermodynamic applications in the laboratory while also serving as a handy resource for practicing researchers.
Author: Gordon L. Amidon Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 0824746325 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 746
Book Description
This cutting-edge reference clearly explains pharmaceutical transport phenomena, demonstrating applications ranging from drug or nutrient uptake into vesicle or cell suspensions, drug dissolution and absorption across biological membranes, whole body kinetics, and drug release from polymer reservoirs and matrices to heat and mass transport in freeze-drying and hygroscopicity. Focuses on practical applications of drug delivery from a physical and mechanistic perspective, highlighting biological systems. Written by more than 30 international authorities in the field, Transport Processes in Pharmaceutical Systems discusses the crucial relationship between the transport process and thermodynamic factors analyzes the dynamics of diffusion at liquid-liquid, liquid-solid, and liquid-cultured cell interfaces covers prodrug design for improving membrane transport addresses the effects of external stimuli in altering some natural and synthetic polymer matrices examines properties of hydrogels, including synthesis, swelling degree, swelling kinetics, permeability, biocompatibility, and biodegradability presents mass transfer of drugs and pharmacokinetics based on mass balance descriptions and more! Containing over 1000 references and more than 1100 equations, drawings, photographs, micrographs, and tables, Transport Processes in Pharmaceutical Systems is a must-read resource for research pharmacists, pharmaceutical scientists and chemists, chemical engineers, physical chemists, and upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in these disciplines.
Author: Eli Ruckenstein Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1441904409 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 349
Book Description
This book consists of a number of papers regarding the thermodynamics and structure of multicomponent systems that we have published during the last decade. Even though they involve different topics and different systems, they have something in common which can be considered as the “signature” of the present book. First, these papers are concerned with “difficult” or very nonideal systems, i. e. systems with very strong interactions (e. g. , hyd- gen bonding) between components or systems with large differences in the partial molar v- umes of the components (e. g. , the aqueous solutions of proteins), or systems that are far from “normal” conditions (e. g. , critical or near-critical mixtures). Second, the conventional th- modynamic methods are not sufficient for the accurate treatment of these mixtures. Last but not least, these systems are of interest for the pharmaceutical, biomedical, and related ind- tries. In order to meet the thermodynamic challenges involved in these complex mixtures, we employed a variety of traditional methods but also new methods, such as the fluctuation t- ory of Kirkwood and Buff and ab initio quantum mechanical techniques. The Kirkwood-Buff (KB) theory is a rigorous formalism which is free of any of the - proximations usually used in the thermodynamic treatment of multicomponent systems. This theory appears to be very fruitful when applied to the above mentioned “difficult” systems.
Author: Mary T. am Ende Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 111928550X Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 1435
Book Description
A guide to the important chemical engineering concepts for the development of new drugs, revised second edition The revised and updated second edition of Chemical Engineering in the Pharmaceutical Industry offers a guide to the experimental and computational methods related to drug product design and development. The second edition has been greatly expanded and covers a range of topics related to formulation design and process development of drug products. The authors review basic analytics for quantitation of drug product quality attributes, such as potency, purity, content uniformity, and dissolution, that are addressed with consideration of the applied statistics, process analytical technology, and process control. The 2nd Edition is divided into two separate books: 1) Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API’s) and 2) Drug Product Design, Development and Modeling. The contributors explore technology transfer and scale-up of batch processes that are exemplified experimentally and computationally. Written for engineers working in the field, the book examines in-silico process modeling tools that streamline experimental screening approaches. In addition, the authors discuss the emerging field of continuous drug product manufacturing. This revised second edition: Contains 21 new or revised chapters, including chapters on quality by design, computational approaches for drug product modeling, process design with PAT and process control, engineering challenges and solutions Covers chemistry and engineering activities related to dosage form design, and process development, and scale-up Offers analytical methods and applied statistics that highlight drug product quality attributes as design features Presents updated and new example calculations and associated solutions Includes contributions from leading experts in the field Written for pharmaceutical engineers, chemical engineers, undergraduate and graduation students, and professionals in the field of pharmaceutical sciences and manufacturing, Chemical Engineering in the Pharmaceutical Industry, Second Edition contains information designed to be of use from the engineer's perspective and spans information from solid to semi-solid to lyophilized drug products.
Author: Costas Demetzos Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9811007918 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 224
Book Description
This textbook explains the fundamental aspects of nanotechnology and fills the gap between bio-inspired nanotechnological systems and functionality of living organisms, introducing new insights to their physicochemical, biophysical and thermodynamic behaviour. Addressed to all those involved in recent advances in pharmaceutics, this book is divided in three major parts: Part A refers to the physicochemical and thermodynamics aspects of nanosystems, wherein their biophysical behaviour is correlated with that of the cells of living organisms; Part B refers to the application of nanotechnology in imaging, diagnostics and therapeutics; Part C is focused on issues regarding safety and nanotoxicity of nanosystems, and the regulatory framework that surrounds these. The text promotes the concept that biophysics, thermodynamics and nanotechnology are considered to be emerging tools that, when approached within regulatory boundaries, provide new and integrated knowledge for the production of new medicines. In 2018, Prof. Demetzos was honored with an award by the Order of Sciences of the Academy of Athens for his scientific contribution in Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology.
Author: Himanshu Shekhar Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing ISBN: 9783659316494 Category : Languages : en Pages : 112
Book Description
The book provides sufficient materials on thermodynamic analysis of binary organic systems forming eutectic solid dispersions and addition compounds with congruent and non-congruent melting points. The nature of molecular interaction, thermodynamic stability and ordering between components have also been described. With view to elucidate the Dermatological effect, nicotinamide based binary drug products have been suggested in this book. The critical size of nucleus at 1-3.5K undercooling has been found in nano scale which may lead a new challenge for pharmaceutical industries. The solid-liquid interface morphology of the binary product has been predicted in the light of Jackson's roughness parameters which suggests the faceted growth proceeds in all the binary drug products.
Author: Ireneo Kikic Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 9780444594631 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 416
Book Description
Chemical physics and thermodynamics cover a role of the outermost importance in the study of many pharmaceutical-based disciplines, especially whenever a thorough understanding of the involved chemical reactions or materials processing becomes highly desirable. In this line, the present book aims at providing any reader or worker in these fields with a consistent experimental data analysis, carried out exhaustively by a number of theoretical models and discussed in any necessary detail. In comparison with the existing texts, ours will include more practical aspects, with examples of calculus taken from or inspired to the modern literature. It will also tackle the most advanced chemical estimation methods employed in pharmaceutical sciences, taking care of communicating as best as possible a modern way of looking at the arguments involved. In this respect, observe that the ongoing bibliography on open questions which were formerly neglected is now continuously growing. The chapters developing the mathematical modeling will be organized so as to explain and quantify the physical and chemical frames of the complex systems met by pure and applied researchers in their daily activity. The theoretical sections, in particular, will take care of any method assuring an efficient coding for the employed procedures (as those relying on macroscopic or statistical thermodynamics) and of describing the experimental tests for the scrutinized molecular systems. As an example, any equation of state must be able to provide, in addition with density, enthalpy, fugacity coefficients and phase equilibrium conditions, with every (partial) thermodynamic derivative with respect to temperature, pressure and any quantity assigning the mixture composition. We will also emphasize the physical chemistry characterization of the active compounds, and concentrate on their crystal, amorphous and polymorphic forms, as well as on the roles played by their states of matter. An appropriate monographic section will thus be devoted to the application of X-ray diffraction to non-structural issues, like atomic and molecular vibrations, order-disorder transitions, theories of the defect solid state, crystal imperfections, and to structural problems such as the so-called "crystallite size" approaches (see, for instance, Scherrer’s and Warren-Averbach’s, sometimes hardly applicable with the necessary accuracy). At that point, we will try to argue whether the current thermal experiments, normally employed to check the assumptions coming from solid state physics and thermochemistry, may (or may not) introduce some novelty or original prospect within the modern arena of pharmaceutical sciences. A chapter on solubility and precipitation kinetics, particularly on how to exploit and modify their variables in a number of relevant cases, will then be presented. In another one, we will approach the most advanced methods which can estimate (the macroscopic) chemical features from theoretical and numerical tools, avoiding in this way the expenses connected with usual laboratory routes. The plenty of techniques illustrated in the literature, unfortunately, are often unable to return satisfactory estimations of properties associated with complex molecular geometries. Our intention in this respect will be supplying several guidelines bringing to better evaluations of some, at least, among the most important drug, polymer and biopolymer characteristics. A final step, now more related to molecular topology, chemical graph theories and several issues of "group contributions" in physical chemistry, will be inquiring on the relationship between the (atomic/molecular) shape of organic compounds and their larger-scale (thermodynamic) features. This is a long-standing problem of physics and chemistry that, on considering the number of open questions in this matter, could find here the room for new insights, statements and formal approaches.
Author: Dr. Tejas Shivram Pachpute Publisher: Academic Guru Publishing House ISBN: 8119843630 Category : Study Aids Languages : en Pages : 216
Book Description
This book aims to offer students and professionals in the area of pharmacy and associated subjects a comprehensive grasp of physical principles that underlie the formulation of pharmaceuticals and the administration of drugs. Physical pharmaceutics is a subfield of the pharmaceutical sciences that focuses on the application of the fundamentals of physics and chemistry to the formulation, manufacture, and assessment of various dosage forms used in the pharmaceutical industry. It covers a broad variety of subjects, including solubility, diffusion, rheology, and interfacial phenomena, all of which are very important in the process of developing pharmaceutical products and ensuring their effectiveness. In this textbook, the goal is to address these subjects in a way that is both clear and organized. Also have presented the basic ideas and principles associated with the discipline, along with practical applications and examples from the field. A general introduction to the subject at hand is provided at the beginning of each chapter, which is then followed by in-depth examinations of pertinent theories, experimental methods, and applications in the actual world. Additionally, this book has included images, tables, and examples that have been worked out throughout the whole of the book to improve comprehension and make learning easier. This textbook will prove to be an invaluable resource for you, regardless of whether you are a student who is just starting in the field of pharmaceutical sciences or an experienced professional who is eager to enhance your knowledge. you will find it not only educational but also interesting, and ultimately helpful to your study of physical pharmaceutics as well as your practice in the field.
Author: Kenneth A. Connors
Author: Kenneth A. Connors
Author: Kenneth A. Connors
Author: Gordon L. Amidon
Author: Eli Ruckenstein
Author: Mary T. am Ende
Author: Costas Demetzos
Author: Jens Thurø Carstensen
Author: Himanshu Shekhar
Author: Ireneo Kikic
Author: Dr. Tejas Shivram Pachpute