Author: Dennis Martin PhillipsPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 44
Book Description
Thermal Ionization Behind Strong Shock Waves in Argon
Author: Dennis Martin PhillipsPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 44
Book Description
Approach to Equilibrium Ionization Behind Strong Shock Waves in Argon
Author: Harry PetschekPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 72
Book Description
Previous work on strong shock waves in argon has shown that the degree of ionization reaches thermodynamic equilibrium for shock speeds greater than about ten times the speed of sound in room temperature argon. The degree of ionization reaches about 25% at the highest shock strengths available in an ordinary shock tube. This paper reports a detailed theoretical and experimental study of the approach of high temperature argon to this equilibrium degree of ionization. The mechanism for the approach to equilibrium can be divided into two stages. The first, which accounts for about 10% of the final ionization, is apparently controlled by impurities present in the gas even after considerable care is taken to insure high purity. In the second stage ionization by electron-atom collisions becomes dominant. The rate of ionization by this process is limited by the rate of energy transfer to electrons by elastic collisions with the atoms and ions in the gas and is relatively independent of the inelastic ionization crosssection. This rate is calculated and is in agreement with experimental measurements making use of (1) the visible continuum radiation from the gas, and (2) the electrostatic potentials in the gas due to the diffusion of electrons. (Author).
Approach to Equilibrium Ionization Behind Strong Shock Waves in Argon
Author: Harry PetschekApproach to Equilibrium Ionization Behind Strong Shock Waves in Argon
Author: Harry Ewald PetschekPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ionization
Languages : en
Pages : 260
Book Description
Preliminary Study of the Rate and Degree of Thermal Ionization of Argon Behind Shock Waves
Author: Howard WongPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic dissertations
Languages : en
Pages : 156
Book Description
Heat Transfer Measurements from Ionized Argon Produced by Strong Shock Waves
Author: Roelant Simon Louis van der NoordaaPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Heat
Languages : en
Pages : 170
Book Description
Heat Transfer from Highly Ionized Argon Produced by Shock Waves
Author: John JukesInitial Ionization Rates in Shock-heated Argon, Krypton, and Xenon
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
The rate of ionization behind strong shock waves in argon, krypton, and xenon is observed by a transverse microwave probe, over a range of electron densities low enough that atom-atom inelastic collisions are the rate-determining mechanism. Shocks of Mach number 7.0 to 10.0 propagate down a 2-inch-square aluminum shock tube into ambient gases at pressures of 3.0 to 17.0 mm/Hg, heating them abruptly to atomic temperatures of 5500 to 9600 deg K. The subsequent relaxation toward ionization equilibrium is examined in its early stages by the reflection, transmission, and phase shifts of a 24.0 Gc (1.25 cm) transverse microwave beam propagating between two rectangular horns abreast a glass test section. The data yield effective activation energies of 11.9 plus or minus 0.5 ev for argon, 10.4 plus or minus 0.5 ev for krypton, and 8.6 plus or minus 0.5 ev for xenon. These coincide, within experimental error, with the first excitation potentials, rather than the ionization potentials of the gases, indicating that in this range ionization proceeds via a two-step process involving the first excited electronic states, of which the excitation step is rate-controlling. (auth).
Author: H. D. Weymann
Author: R. L. Alpert