Thermal Desorption - Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry Methods and Strategy for Screening of Chemical Warfare Agents, Their Precursors and Degradation Products in Environmental, Industrial and Waste Samples PDF Download
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Author: Oliver Terzic Publisher: ISBN: 9789491407451 Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
"The Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) is the international organisation set to oversee the implementation of the Chemical Weapons Convention treaty that prohibits the development, production, acquisition, stockpiling, retention, transfer or use of chemical weapons by States Parties. To this end, the OPCW has established the strict verification procedures relying essentially upon the on-site sampling and analysis. A transportable analytical laboratory was carefully assembled and versed to fit the task. Following more frequent deployment, a major deficiency of the on-site laboratory capacity and the number of weaknesses of the on-site sample preparation approach were revealed. The aim of this PhD thesis was to enhance the capability and efficiency of the OPCW on-site laboratory. The work resulted in a set of novel analytical methods and strategies for the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry instrumental technique that are not restricted to the chemical warfare agent related field, but also convenient for any forensic or environmental field laboratory use."--Samenvatting auteur.
Author: Oliver Terzic Publisher: ISBN: 9789491407451 Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
"The Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) is the international organisation set to oversee the implementation of the Chemical Weapons Convention treaty that prohibits the development, production, acquisition, stockpiling, retention, transfer or use of chemical weapons by States Parties. To this end, the OPCW has established the strict verification procedures relying essentially upon the on-site sampling and analysis. A transportable analytical laboratory was carefully assembled and versed to fit the task. Following more frequent deployment, a major deficiency of the on-site laboratory capacity and the number of weaknesses of the on-site sample preparation approach were revealed. The aim of this PhD thesis was to enhance the capability and efficiency of the OPCW on-site laboratory. The work resulted in a set of novel analytical methods and strategies for the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry instrumental technique that are not restricted to the chemical warfare agent related field, but also convenient for any forensic or environmental field laboratory use."--Samenvatting auteur.
Author: Oliver Terzic Publisher: ISBN: 9789491407451 Category : Languages : en Pages : 221
Book Description
"The Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) is the international organisation set to oversee the implementation of the Chemical Weapons Convention treaty that prohibits the development, production, acquisition, stockpiling, retention, transfer or use of chemical weapons by States Parties. To this end, the OPCW has established the strict verification procedures relying essentially upon the on-site sampling and analysis. A transportable analytical laboratory was carefully assembled and versed to fit the task. Following more frequent deployment, a major deficiency of the on-site laboratory capacity and the number of weaknesses of the on-site sample preparation approach were revealed. The aim of this PhD thesis was to enhance the capability and efficiency of the OPCW on-site laboratory. The work resulted in a set of novel analytical methods and strategies for the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry instrumental technique that are not restricted to the chemical warfare agent related field, but also convenient for any forensic or environmental field laboratory use."--Samenvatting auteur.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 31
Book Description
Thermal decomposition of poly dimethyl siloxane compounds, Sylgard{reg_sign} 184 and 186, were examined using thermal desorption coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TD/GC-MS) and multivariate analysis. This work describes a method of producing multiway data using a stepped thermal desorption. The technique involves sequentially heating a sample of the material of interest with subsequent analysis in a commercial GC/MS system. The decomposition chromatograms were analyzed using multivariate analysis tools including principal component analysis (PCA), factor rotation employing the varimax criterion, and multivariate curve resolution. The results of the analysis show seven components related to offgassing of various fractions of siloxanes that vary as a function of temperature. Thermal desorption coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TD/GC-MS) is a powerful analytical technique for analyzing chemical mixtures. It has great potential in numerous analytic areas including materials analysis, sports medicine, in the detection of designer drugs; and biological research for metabolomics. Data analysis is complicated, far from automated and can result in high false positive or false negative rates. We have demonstrated a step-wise TD/GC-MS technique that removes more volatile compounds from a sample before extracting the less volatile compounds. This creates an additional dimension of separation before the GC column, while simultaneously generating three-way data. Sandia's proven multivariate analysis methods, when applied to these data, have several advantages over current commercial options. It also has demonstrated potential for success in finding and enabling identification of trace compounds. Several challenges remain, however, including understanding the sources of noise in the data, outlier detection, improving the data pretreatment and analysis methods, developing a software tool for ease of use by the chemist, and demonstrating our belief that this multivariate analysis will enable superior differentiation capabilities. In addition, noise and system artifacts challenge the analysis of GC-MS data collected on lower cost equipment, ubiquitous in commercial laboratories. This research has the potential to affect many areas of analytical chemistry including materials analysis, medical testing, and environmental surveillance. It could also provide a method to measure adsorption parameters for chemical interactions on various surfaces by measuring desorption as a function of temperature for mixtures. We have presented results of a novel method for examining offgas products of a common PDMS material. Our method involves utilizing a stepped TD/GC-MS data acquisition scheme that may be almost totally automated, coupled with multivariate analysis schemes. This method of data generation and analysis can be applied to a number of materials aging and thermal degradation studies.
Author: O. David Sparkman Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0080920152 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 633
Book Description
The second edition of Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry: A Practical Guide follows the highly successful first edition by F.G. Kitson, B.S. Larsen, and C.N. McEwen (1996), which was designed as an indispensible resource for GC/MS practitioners regardless of whether they are a novice or well experienced. The Fundamentals section has been extensively reworked from the original edition to give more depth of an understanding of the techniques and science involved with GC/MS. Even with this expansion, the original brevity and simple didactic style has been retained. Information on chromatographic peak deconvolution has been added along with a more in-depth understanding of the use of mass spectral databases in the identification of unknowns. Since the last edition, a number of advances in GC inlet systems and sample introduction techniques have occurred, and they are included in the new edition. Other updates include a discussion on fast GC and options for combining GC detectors with mass spectrometry. The section regarding GC Conditions, Derivatization, and Mass Spectral Interpretation of Specific Compound Types has the same number of compound types as the original edition, but the information in each section has been expanded to not only explain some of the spectra but to also explain why certain fragmentations take place. The number of Appendices has been increased from 12 to 17. The Appendix on Atomic Masses and Isotope Abundances has been expanded to provide tools to aid in determination of elemental composition from isotope peak intensity ratios. An appendix with examples on "Steps to follow in the determination of elemental compositions based on isotope peak intensities" has been added. Appendices on whether to use GC/MS or LC/MS, third-party software for use in data analysis, list of information required in reporting GC/MS data, X+1 and X+2 peak relative intensities based on the number of atoms of carbon in an ion, and list of available EI mass spectral databases have been added. Others such as the ones on derivatization, isotope peak patterns for ions with Cl and/or Br, terms used in GC and in mass spectrometry, and tips on setting up, maintaining and troubleshooting a GC/MS system have all been expanded and updated. Covers the practical instruction necessary for successful operation of GC/MS equipment Reviews the latest advances in instrumentation, ionization methods, and quantitation Includes troubleshooting techniques and a variety of additional information useful for the GC/MS practitioner A true benchtop reference A guide to a basic understanding of the components of a Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS) Quick References to data interpretation Ready source for information on new analyses
Author: Douglas K. Parrish Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 136
Book Description
Solid phase microextraction was combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS) for detection of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) in the headspace above deionized (DI) water samples, with linear results that were sensitive to below Department of Defense short-term drinking water standards. HCN and several common volatile organic contaminants were also detected in 3 water types in a laboratory and field setting. The method provides an advantage over the standard drinking water detection methods for HCN as it can also simultaneously detect common low molecular weight hydrocarbons. Linear results were achieved for the detection of diisopropylamine (DIPA) by SPME-GC-MS in soil from 0.72 - 3584.5 micrograms DIPA/g soil and in DI water from 0.018 - 17.9 microgram/milliliter. The methods were successfully field tested with common hydrocarbon contaminants in 3 common agricultural soil types and 3 water types. In particular, this methodology would be useful for investigation of a suspected VX nerve agent production facility. Solid phase dynamic extraction (SPDE) was compared to passive SPME for vapor sampling of DIPA and dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) with analysis by fast GC-MS. Equilibrium sampling by SPDE for DIPA and DMMP vapor provided linear results at lower concentrations and gave larger extracted ion peak areas than comparable SPME sampling. This unique application has shown great potential for further laboratory and field use, both for health risk assessment and initial chemical detection employment.
Author: Janusz Pawliszyn Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0123914493 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 497
Book Description
The relatively new technique of solid phase microextraction (SPME) is an important tool to prepare samples both in the lab and on-site. SPME is a "green" technology because it eliminates organic solvents from analytical laboratory and can be used in environmental, food and fragrance, and forensic and drug analysis. This handbook offers a thorough background of the theory and practical implementation of SPME. SPME protocols are presented outlining each stage of the method and providing useful tips and potential pitfalls. In addition, devices and fiber coatings, automated SPME systems, SPME method development, and In Vivo applications are discussed. This handbook is essential for its discussion of the latest SPME developments as well as its in depth information on the history, theory, and practical application of the method. Practical application of Solid Phase Microextraction methods including detailed steps Provides history of extraction methods to better understand the process Suitable for all levels, from beginning student to experienced practitioner
Author: William L. Budde Publisher: ISBN: Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 408
Book Description
This book describes the mass spectrometric and closely related analytical techniques that are more useful for the separation, identification, and measurement of organic and inorganic compounds and ions in environmental and related media. Environmental media are air, water, and earth; related media includes beverages, biological fluids, consumer products, foods, industrial materials, and tissue. No other book covers this range of topics for investigators in analytical chemistry, environmental science, and mass spectrometry. Throughout, the emphasis is on strategic thinking and strategic approaches. Organized according to the analytical and mass spectrometric strategies used to solve problems and to several broad classes of substances that are central to many problems. Topics include: gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), alternatives to mass spectrometry, data acquisition strategies, limitations of mass spectrometry, standardization of GC/MS, identification criteria, quantitative analysis, detection limits, method validation, and quality control.
Author: Diane C Turner Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry ISBN: 1782629289 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 340
Book Description
Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is a powerful way to analyse a range of substances. It is used in everything from food safety to medicine. It has even been used to protect endangered vultures through analysis of poisonous pesticide molecules in their environment! I want to apply this technique, where do I begin? Is GC-MS is the right technique to use? How do I prepare my samples and calibrate the instruments? This textbook has the answers to all these questions and more. Throughout the book, case studies illustrate the practical process, the techniques used and any common challenges. Newcomers can easily search for answers to their question and find clear advice with coloured images on how to get started and all subsequent steps involved in using GC-MS as part of a research process. Readers will find information on collecting and preparing samples, designing and validating methods, analysing results, and troubleshooting. Examples of pollutant, food, oil and fragrance analysis bring the theory to life. The authors use their extensive experience teaching GC-MS theory and practice and draw on their combined backgrounds applying the technique in academic and industry settings to bring this practical reference together. The authors also design and teach the Royal Society of Chemistry’s Pan Africa Chemistry Network GC-MS course, which is supported by GSK.
Author: Oliver Terzic
Author: Oliver Terzic
Author: Oliver Terzic
Author: 
Author: O. David Sparkman
Author: Douglas K. Parrish
Author: Gary L. Hook
Author: Janusz Pawliszyn
Author: Robin M. Black
Author: William L. Budde
Author: Diane C Turner