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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 8
Book Description
Simultaneous thermogravimetric modulated beam mass spectrometry (STMBMS) and time-of-flight velocity (TOF) spectra have been developed to study reactions that occur during the thermal decomposition of liquids and solids. The data obtained with these techniques are the identity of the reaction products and their rates of gas formation as a function of time. Over the past several years, these techniques have been applied to the study of energetic materials that are used in propellants and explosives. In this presentation, the details of the STMBMS and TOF velocity spectra techniques will be reviewed, the advantages of the techniques over more conventional thermal analysis and mass spectrometry measurements will be discussed, and the use of the techniques will be illustrated with results on the thermal decomposition of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-s-triazine (RDX).
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 8
Book Description
Simultaneous thermogravimetric modulated beam mass spectrometry (STMBMS) and time-of-flight velocity (TOF) spectra have been developed to study reactions that occur during the thermal decomposition of liquids and solids. The data obtained with these techniques are the identity of the reaction products and their rates of gas formation as a function of time. Over the past several years, these techniques have been applied to the study of energetic materials that are used in propellants and explosives. In this presentation, the details of the STMBMS and TOF velocity spectra techniques will be reviewed, the advantages of the techniques over more conventional thermal analysis and mass spectrometry measurements will be discussed, and the use of the techniques will be illustrated with results on the thermal decomposition of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-s-triazine (RDX).
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
The physical and chemical processes that control the thermal decomposition of several different types of energetic materials have been determined from measurements with a simultaneous thermogravimetric modulated beam mass spectrometer (STMBMS). The compounds studied include HMX, hexahydro-1-nitroso-3,5-dinitro-s-triazine (ONDNTA), 2,4-dinitroimidazole (24DNI), TNAZ, 1-nitro-3,3-dinitroazetidine (NDNAZ), 3-amino-5-nitro-1,2,4-triazole (ANTA), 5,5'-dinitro-3,3'-bi-1,2,4-triazole (DNBT), and a complex of DNBT.2ANTA. The results on HMX provide new insights on the solid-phase decomposition processes that take place within individual particles. The results on ONDNTA provide new insight to the reaction mechanisms that control the decomposition of this important cyclic nitramine reaction intermediate. The results on 24DNI, TNAZ, and NDNAZ provide sufficient data to construct a model of the underlying chemical and physical processes. A model has been formulated to represent the decomposition of 24DNI and the parameters for the model have been determined from the STMBMS results. The model consists of seven different physical processes, which include the nucleation and growth of a polymeric residue that acts as an "autocatalyst". Global chemical reactions are used in each step. A qualitative model of the thermal decomposition of TNAZ and NDNAZ is presented. Sufficient data has been collected to formulate mathematical models of their decomposition
Author: S.N. Bulusu Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9400920350 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 756
Book Description
This book represents a collection of lectures presented at the NATO Advanced study Institute(ASI) on "Chemistry & Physics of the Molecular Processes in Energetic Materials", held at Hotel Torre Normanna, Altavilla Milicia, Sicily, Italy, September 3 to 15, 1989. The institute was attended by seventy participants including twenty lecturers, drawn from thirteen countries. The purpose of the institute was to review the major ad vances made in recent years in the theoretical and experi mental aspects of explosives and propellants. In accordance with the format of the NATO ASI, it was arranged to have a relatively small number of speakers to present in depth, re view type lectures emphasizing the basic research aspects of the subject, over a two week period. Most of the speakers gave two lectures, each in excess of one hour with addition al time for discussions. The scope of the meeting was limit ed to molecular and spectroscopic studies since the hydro dynamic aspects of detonation and various performance crite ria of energetic materials are often covered adequately in other international meetings. An attempt was made to have a coherent presentation of various theoretical, computational and spectroscopic approaches to help a better understanding of energetic materials from a molecular point of view. The progress already made in these areas is such that structure property (e. g.
Author: Kenneth K. Kuo Publisher: Begell House Publishers ISBN: Category : Combustion Languages : en Pages : 1114
Book Description
This edited book contains state-of-the-art information associated with energetic material combustion. There are twelve topical areas, including: Reaction Kinetics of Energetic Materials (Solid, Liquid, and Gel Propellants); Recycling of Energetic Materials; Combustion Performance of Hybrid and Solid Rocket Motors; Ignition and Combustion of Energetic Materials; Energetic Material Defects and Rocket Engine Flowfields; Metal Combustion; Pyrolysis and Combustion Processes of New Ingredients and Applications; Theoretical Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Combustion Processes of Energetic Materials; Combustion Diagnostic Techniques; Propellant and Rocket Motor Stability; Commercial Applications of Energetic Materials (Airbags, Gas Generators, etc.); and Thermal Insulation and Ablation Processes.
Author: Donald L Thompson Publisher: World Scientific ISBN: 9814480908 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 531
Book Description
Few books cover experimental and theoretical methods to characterize decomposition, combustion and detonation of energetic materials. This volume, by internationally known and major contributors to the field, is unique because it summarizes the most important recent work, what we know with confidence, and what main areas remain to be investigated. Most chapters comprise summaries of work spanning decades and contain expert commentary available nowhere else. Although energetic materials are its focus, this book provides a guide to modern methods for investigations of condensed and gas-phase reactions. Although these energetic reactions are complex and difficult to study, the work discussed here provides readers with a substantial understanding of the behavior of materials now in use, and a predictive capability for the development of new materials based on target properties.
Author: Thomas B. Brill Publisher: ISBN: Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 478
Book Description
Energetic materials are distinguished from other materials primarily by the fact that rapid, exothermic reactions can be induced with the release of gaseous products. This complex phenomenon cuts across many boundaries of chemistry (synthesis, kinetics, thermodynamics, spectroscopy, quantum and molecular dynamics calculations, etc.) and engineering physics (shock and detonation waves, hydrodynamics, fracture and solid mechanics, defects, etc.). This volume offers the latest chemistry advancements in understanding the complex dynamic processes in these materials in the condensed phase. The focus is on fundamental research into the rates and pathways of rapid exothermic reactions, product specification, diagnostic methods, molecular processes of energy transfer, and molecular processes at extreme pressure and temperature. Many novel materials are discussed.
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Author: S.N. Bulusu
Author: Kenneth K. Kuo
Author: Donald L Thompson
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Author: Thomas B. Brill
Author: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory