Philosophy of Science, Cognitive Psychology, and Educational Theory and Practice PDF Download

Author: Richard A. Duschl
Publisher: State University of New York Press
ISBN: 143840171X
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 304

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Book Description
This edited volume extends existing discussions among philosophers of science, cognitive psychologists, and educational researchers on the the restructuring of scientific knowledge and the domain of science education. This exchange of ideas across disciplinary fields raises fundamental issues and provides frameworks that help to focus educational research programs, curriculum development efforts, and teacher training programs.

Author: Sharon B. Berlin
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN:
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 440

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Book Description
Social workers have been using cognitive methods of intervention for decades. They have borrowed elements of cognitive therapy to augment work undertaken with particular clients and have followed cognitive therapy protocols more completely when client problems seem to call for it. However many uses of cognitive therapy in social work settings require difficult, on-the-spot juggling. In these cases, it is the social worker's job to relate cognitive therapy's internally focused explanations and interventions to the client's particular problems and situations-problems and situations that are inescapably linked to environmental demands and deprivations. Clinical Social Work Practice presents a comprehensive cognitive perspective on social work clinical practice. It is a perspective that bridges an internal focus on how people think about themselves--traditionally, cognitive psychology's realm--with a look outward to consider the kinds of meaning-making options their environments afford. In going beyond the usual cursory acknowledgement of larger environmental influences on personal problems, this book not only offers a framework that is likely to be welcomed by social workers, it will also have strong appeal to a full range of other helping professions who recognize this gap in theories of therapy. The theoretical grounding for this cognitive-integrative approach is drawn from a range of neurological, social, psychological, and social work theories. It is laid out carefully and clearly and balanced with a generous offering of detailed clinical examples and practice guidelines. It is a perfect introduction to cognitive therapy for both social work students in advanced social work practice courses and practicing social work therapists.

Author: Robert L. Leahy
Publisher: Guilford Publications
ISBN: 1462526837
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 434

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Book Description
Bringing together a stellar array of contributors whose work has been directly influenced by Aaron T. Beck, this volume presents current advances in cognitive therapy science and practice. Described are new and effective ways of understanding and treating clients suffering from a wide range of affective, anxiety, and personality disorders. The status of basic cognitive therapy principles and models is discussed, and important theoretical and clinical refinements are elaborated. Other topics include innovative applications for children and adolescents, couples, and families, as well as progress that has been made in integrating cognitive therapy with other treatments, such as pharmacotherapy.

Author: David A. Clak
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 9780471189701
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 518

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Book Description
Based on decades of theory, research, and practice, this seminalbook presents a detailed and comprehensive review, evaluation, andintegration of the scientific and empirical research relevant toAaron T. Beck's cognitive theory and therapy of depression. Sinceits emergence in the early 1960s, Beck's cognitive perspective hasbecome one of the most influential and well-researchedpsychological theories of depression. Over 900 scientific andscholarly references are contained in the present volume, providingthe most current and exhaustive evaluation of the scientific statusof the cognitive theory of depression. Though the application of cognitive therapy has been welldocumented in the publication of treatment manuals, the cognitivetheory of depression has not been presented in a unified manneruntil the publication of this book. Coauthored by the father ofcognitive therapy, Scientific Foundations of Cognitive Theory andTherapy of Depression offers the most complete and authoritativeaccount of Beck's theory of depression since the publication ofDepression: Causes and Treatment in 1967. Through its elaborationof recent theoretical developments in cognitive theory and itsreview of contemporary cognitive-clinical research, the bookrepresents the current state of the art in cognitive approaches todepression. As a result of its critical examination ofcognitive-clinical research and experimental informationprocessing, the authors offer many insights into the futuredirection for research on the cognitive basis of depression. The first half of the book focuses on a presentation of theclinical phenomena of depression and the current version ofcognitive theory. After outlining important questions that havebeen raised with the diagnosis of depression, the book then tracesthe historical development of Beck's cognitive theory and therapythrough the 1960s and '70s. It presents the theoretical assumptionsof the model and offers a detailed account of the most currentversion of the cognitive formulation of depression. The second half of the book provides an in-depth analysis of theempirical status of the descriptive and vulnerability hypotheses ofthe cognitive model. Drawing on over three decades of research, thebook delves into the scientific basis of numerous hypothesesderived from cognitive theory, including negativity, exclusivity,content specificity, primacy, universality, severity/persistence,selective processing, schema activation, primal processing,stability, diathesis-stress, symptom specificity, and differentialtreatment responsiveness. "In 1967 the first detailed description of the cognitive theory ofdepression was published in Depression: Causes and Treatment by oneof us, Aaron T. Beck. The basic concepts of the theory laid out inthat volume still provide the foundation for the cognitive model 30years later. As well the first systematic investigations of thetheory described in the 1967 volume contributed to a paradigmaticshift in theory, research, and treatment of depression thatresulted in a very vigorous and widespread research initiative onthe cognitive basis of depression. The present book is intended toprovide a comprehensive and critical update of the developments incognitive theory and research on depression that have occurredsince the initial publication in the 1960s."--David A. Clark, fromthe Preface.

Author: Valerie Gray Hardcastle
Publisher: State University of New York Press
ISBN: 1438405766
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 264

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Book Description
How to Build a Theory in Cognitive Science specifies the characteristics of fruitful interdisciplinary theories in cognitive science and shows how they differ from the successful theories in the individual disciplines composing the cognitive sciences. It articulates a method for integrating the various disciplines successfully so that unified, truly interdisciplinary theories are possible. This book makes three contributions of utmost importance. First, it provides a long overdue, systematic examination of the field of cognitive science itself. Second, it provides a template for linking domains without loss of autonomy. This philosophical treatment of integration serves as a blueprint for future endeavors. Third, the book provides a solid theoretical foundation that will prevent future missteps and enhance collaboration.

Author: Anna Sierpinska
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9401151946
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 244

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Book Description
No one disputes how important it is, in today's world, to prepare students to un derstand mathematics as well as to use and communicate mathematics in their future lives. That task is very difficult, however. Refocusing curricula on funda mental concepts, producing new teaching materials, and designing teaching units based on 'mathematicians' common sense' (or on logic) have not resulted in a better understanding of mathematics by more students. The failure of such efforts has raised questions suggesting that what was missing at the outset of these proposals, designs, and productions was a more profound knowledge of the phenomena of learning and teaching mathematics in socially established and culturally, politically, and economically justified institutions - namely, schools. Such knowledge cannot be built by mere juxtaposition of theories in disci plines such as psychology, sociology, and mathematics. Psychological theories focus on the individual learner. Theories of sociology of education look at the general laws of curriculum development, the specifics of pedagogic discourse as opposed to scientific discourse in general, the different possible pedagogic rela tions between the teacher and the taught, and other general problems in the inter face between education and society. Mathematics, aside from its theoretical contents, can be looked at from historical and epistemological points of view, clarifying the genetic development of its concepts, methods, and theories. This view can shed some light on the meaning of mathematical concepts and on the difficulties students have in teaching approaches that disregard the genetic development of these concepts.

Author: Etienne Wenger
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107268370
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 340

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Book Description
This book presents a theory of learning that starts with the assumption that engagement in social practice is the fundamental process by which we get to know what we know and by which we become who we are. The primary unit of analysis of this process is neither the individual nor social institutions, but the informal 'communities of practice' that people form as they pursue shared enterprises over time. To give a social account of learning, the theory explores in a systematic way the intersection of issues of community, social practice, meaning, and identity. The result is a broad framework for thinking about learning as a process of social participation. This ambitious but thoroughly accessible framework has relevance for the practitioner as well as the theoretician, presented with all the breadth, depth, and rigor necessary to address such a complex and yet profoundly human topic.

Author: Jesper Sørensen
Publisher: Rowman Altamira
ISBN: 9780759110403
Category : Body, Mind & Spirit
Languages : en
Pages : 240

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Book Description
Magic is a universal phenomenon. Everywhere we look people perform ritual actions in which desirable qualities are transferred by means of physical contact and objects or persons are manipulated by things of their likeness. In this book S rensen embraces a cognitive perspective in order to investigate this long-established but controversial topic. Following a critique of the traditional approaches to magic, and basing his claims on classical ethnographic cases, the author explains magic's universality by examining a number of recurrent cognitive processes underlying its different manifestations. He focuses on how power is infused into the ritual practice; how representations of contagion and similarity can be used to connect otherwise distinct objects in order to manipulate one by the other; and how the performance of ritual prompts representations of magical actions as effective. Bringing these features together, the author proposes a cognitive theory of how people can represent magical rituals as purposeful actions and how ritual actions are integrated into more complex representations of events. This explanation, in turn, yields new insights into the constitutive role of magic in the formation of institutionalised religious ritual.

Author: Gary W. Peterson
Publisher: Thomson Brooks/Cole
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 520

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Book Description
This book should be of interest to senior undergraduates and graduates, taking courses in career counselling.

Author: Richard Nelson-Jones
Publisher: SAGE
ISBN: 1473909104
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 529

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Book Description
This sixth edition provides an essential introduction to the major theoretical approaches in counselling and psychotherapy today. Comprehensive and accessible, it now includes two brand new chapters on Mindfulness and Positive Therapy, as well as additional content on ethics, on new developments in each approach, including the latest research and updated references. Following a clearly-defined structure, each chapter describes the origin of the therapeutic approach, a biography of its originator, its theory and practice, discusses case material and further developments, and suggests further reading. Each chapter also contains review and personal questions. Richard Nelson-Jones′ authoritative and practical textbook is the ideal companion for students on introductory courses and those embarking on professional training.