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Author: A. F. Rawdon-Smith Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 110767848X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 157
Book Description
Originally published in 1938, this book presents a discussion regarding the nature of auditory and visual sensation. The text focuses mainly on the nature of the perceptual process. As Rawdon-Smith notes in the preface, 'I wish to be concerned more with the mechanism whereby our sensations arise than with what our sense organs can do.' Illustrative figures and a detailed bibliography are also contained. This book will be of value to anyone with an interest in sensory perception and the history of science.
Author: A. F. Rawdon-Smith Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 110767848X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 157
Book Description
Originally published in 1938, this book presents a discussion regarding the nature of auditory and visual sensation. The text focuses mainly on the nature of the perceptual process. As Rawdon-Smith notes in the preface, 'I wish to be concerned more with the mechanism whereby our sensations arise than with what our sense organs can do.' Illustrative figures and a detailed bibliography are also contained. This book will be of value to anyone with an interest in sensory perception and the history of science.
Author: John C. Baird Publisher: Psychology Press ISBN: 1317779770 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 406
Book Description
Psychophysical theory exists in two distinct forms -- one ascribes the explanation of phenomena and empirical laws to sensory processes. Context effects arising through the use of particular methods are an unwanted nuisance whose influence must be eliminated so that one isolates the "true" sensory scale. The other considers psychophysics only in terms of cognitive variables such as the judgment strategies induced by instructions and response biases. Sensory factors play a minor role in cognitive approaches. This work admits the validity of both forms of theory by arguing that the same empirical phenomena should be conceptualized in two alternative, apparently contradictory, ways. This acceptance of opposites is necessary because some empirical phenomena are best explained in terms of sensory processes, while others are best ascribed to central causes. The complementarity theory stresses the "mutually completing" nature of two distinct models. The first assigns importance to populations of sensory neurons acting in the aggregate and is formulated to deal with sensory effects. The second assigns importance to judgment uncertainty and to the subject strategies induced by experimental procedures. This model is formulated to explain context effects. Throughout the text, the exposition is interlaced with mathematics, graphs, and computer simulations designed to reveal the complementary nature of psychophysical explanations.
Author: C. Landesman Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9401733171 Category : Philosophy Languages : en Pages : 164
Book Description
This book is a discussion of some of the major philosophical problems centering around the topic of sense perception and the foundations of human knowledge. It begins with a characterization of our common sense understanding of the role of the senses in the acquisition of belief, and it argues that scientific accounts of the processes of perception undermine salient parts of this understanding. The naive point of view of direct realism cannot be sustained in the light of a scientifically instructed understanding of perception. This critique of direct realism points to the correctness of the representative theory of perception characteristic of such early modem philosophers as Descartes and Locke, and it also endorses the subjective tum that they defended. It argues that these positions do not require introducing sense data into the picture, and thus it avoids the intractable problems that the sense datum philosophy introduces. In addition, several versions of cognitive accounts of sense perception are criticized with the result that it is unnecessary to characterize sensory processes in intentional terms. The book then turns to a leading question introduced into modem philosophy by Descartes and Locke, the question of the accuracy of the information delivered by the senses to our faculty of belief. In particular, how accurate are our representations of the secondary qualities? The case of color is considered in detail.
Author: Anthony J. Lisska Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0191083666 Category : Philosophy Languages : en Pages : 372
Book Description
Anthony J. Lisska presents a new analysis of Thomas Aquinas's theory of perception. While much work has been undertaken on Aquinas's texts, little has been devoted principally to his theory of perception and less still on a discussion of inner sense. The thesis of intentionality serves as the philosophical backdrop of this analysis while incorporating insights from Brentano and from recent scholarship. The principal thrust is on the importance of inner sense, a much-overlooked area of Aquinas's philosophy of mind, with special reference to the vis cogitativa. Approaching the texts of Aquinas from contemporary analytic philosophy, Lisska suggests a modest 'innate' or 'structured' interpretation for the role of this inner sense faculty. Dorothea Frede suggests that this faculty is an 'embarrassment' for Aquinas; to the contrary, the analysis offered in this book argues that were it not for the vis cogitativa, Aquinas's philosophy of mind would be an embarrassment. By means of this faculty of inner sense, Aquinas offers an account of a direct awareness of individuals of natural kinds—referred to by Aquinas as incidental objects of sense—which comprise the principal ontological categories in Aquinas's metaphysics. By using this awareness of individuals of a natural kind, Aquinas can make better sense out of the process of abstraction using the active intellect (intellectus agens). Were it not for the vis cogitativa, Aquinas would be unable to account for an awareness of the principal ontological category in his metaphysics.
Author: Kenneth H. Norwich Publisher: San Diego, Calif. ; Toronto : Academic Press ISBN: Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 360
Book Description
One of the primary aims of this book is to show that nearly all of the empirical laws of sensory science discovered by laboratory measurement during the past 130 years can be derived theoretically from one fundamental equation. The other primary aim of the book is to demonstrate the philosophical origins of this single equation, and to show how it must change the way in which we view the nervous system and the process of perception. This fundamental equation and the philosophy of perception which it embodies comprise what Norwich and his colleagues term as the entropy theory of perception.
Author: F. A. Hayek Publisher: University of Chicago Press ISBN: 0226321304 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 232
Book Description
The Nobel Prize-winning economist explores how the mind works—an early landmark in the field of cognitive science. The Sensory Order, first published in 1952, sets forth F. A. Hayek's classic theory of mind in which he describes the mental mechanism that classifies perceptions that cannot be accounted for by physical laws. Though Hayek is more commonly known as an icon in the field of economics, his genius was wide-ranging—and his contribution to theoretical psychology is of continuing significance to cognitive scientists as well as to economists interested in the interplay between psychology and market systems, and has been addressed in the work of Thomas Szasz, Gerald Edelman, and Joaquin Fuster. “A most encouraging example of a sustained attempt to bring together information, inference, and hypothesis in the several fields of biology, psychology, and philosophy.”—Quarterly Review of Biology
Author: Paul Rookes Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1134655231 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 168
Book Description
Paul Rookes and Jane Willson explain perception and perceptual processes in a way that almost anyone can understand. The study of perception, or how the brain processes information from the senses , has fascinated psychologists and philosophers for a long time. Perception takes the key research areas and presents the arguments and findings in a clear, concise form, enabling the reader to have a quick working knowledge of the area. This clear and informative text discusses sensation and perception then looks at theories and explanations of perception. The way visual perception is structured is examined, followed by an analysis of the development of perceptual processes. The authors then consider individual social and cultural variations in perceptual organisation. Perception will be particularly useful to students new to higher-level study. With its helpful textbook features to assist in examination and learning techniques, it should interest all introductory psychology students.
Author: A. F. Rawdon-Smith
Author: A. F. Rawdon-Smith
Author: John C. Baird
Author: Alexander Francis Rawdon-Smith
Author: C. Landesman
Author: Anthony J. Lisska
Author: Kenneth H. Norwich
Author: F. A. Hayek
Author: Wilhelm Max Wundt
Author: Paul Rookes
Author: Hermann von Helmholtz