The Variability of Surface-air Temperature and Precipitation at Miami International Airport Including Relationships with Tropical Weather System Activity and El Niño PDF Download

Author: Stanley Lawrence Rosenthal
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Atmospheric temperature
Languages : en
Pages : 274

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Author: Environmental Research Laboratories (U.S.)
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Category : Environmental policy
Languages : en
Pages : 224

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Category : Government publications
Languages : en
Pages : 1484

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Author:
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Category : Government publications
Languages : en
Pages : 1482

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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 1686

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Author:
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Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 660

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Category : Climatic changes
Languages : en
Pages :

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Time series representing two of the climate systems' most leading variability in northern hemisphere, namely the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Arctic Oscillation (AO), together with 50 years of observed daily mean surface air temperature, precipitation over the conterminous United States, as well as circulation fields from NCEP/NCAR CDAS/Reanalysis are used to investigate the climate impact of ENSO and AO and their combined effects. Composites of ENSO only (El Nino, neutral, La Nina) phase, AO only (high, neutral, low) phase, and their nine combinations are constructed for US temperature, precipitation and the circulation fields for each 12 running season. The results show that both ENSO and AO have profound impact on US temperature and precipitation in winter. In general, the low index phase of AO resembles that of La Nina and high index phase of AO resembles El Nino. Therefore, during (C, AO- ) and (W, AO+), enhanced impact on temperature and precipitation anomalous field is expected. For example, while it is normally warmer and drier in the northern states, cooler and wetter in the southern states during El Nino years, the high index phase of AO provides much warmer winter for large areas of US from northern border to central and northeast than the low index phase of AO in the same phase of ENSO. The AO impact on precipitation is less well organized but the impact exists through out the year in the south and east coastal area, as well as the Tennessee and Ohio valley. These composites provide useful tools to support the 6-10 day, monthly and seasonal forecasts in the Climate Prediction Center.

Author: Antonio Navarra
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642583695
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 412

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The interest and level of research into climate variability has risen dramatically in recent years, and major breakthroughs have been achieved in the understanding and modelling of seasonal to interannual climate variability and prediction. At the same time, the documentation of longer term variability and its underlying mecha nisms have progressed considerably. Within the European Commission's Environment and Climate research programs several important projects have been supported in these areas - including the "Dec adal and Interdecadal Climate variability Experiment" (DICE) which forms the basis of this book. Within the EC supported climate research, we see an increasing importance of research into climate variability, as is evidenced in the upcoming Fifth Framework Programme's Key Action on Global Change, Climate and Biodi versity. This is because of the obvious potential socio-economic benefits from sea sonal to decadal scale climate prediction and equally important for the fundamental understanding of the climate system to help improve the quality and reliability of future climate change and mankind's current interference with it. The DICE group has performed important and pioneering work, and we hope this book will receive the wide distribution and recognition it deserves. We wel come the contributions from distinguished researchers from US, Japan and Canada to the EC's DICE group towards completing the scope of the book and as an exam ple of international cooperation which is essential in such a high-level scientific endeavor.

Author: Peter J. Webster
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470662565
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 529

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This book presents a unique and comprehensive view of the fundamental dynamical and thermodynamic principles underlying the large circulations of the coupled ocean-atmosphere system Dynamics of The Tropical Atmosphere and Oceans provides a detailed description of macroscale tropical circulation systems such as the monsoon, the Hadley and Walker Circulations, El Niño, and the tropical ocean warm pool. These macroscale circulations interact with a myriad of higher frequency systems, ranging from convective cloud systems to migrating equatorial waves that attend the low-frequency background flow. Towards understanding and predicting these circulation systems. A comprehensive overview of the dynamics and thermodynamics of large-scale tropical atmosphere and oceans is presented using both a “reductionist” and “holistic” perspectives of the coupled tropical system. The reductionist perspective provides a detailed description of the individual elements of the ocean and atmospheric circulations. The physical nature of each component of the tropical circulation such as the Hadley and Walker circulations, the monsoon, the incursion of extratropical phenomena into the tropics, precipitation distributions, equatorial waves and disturbances described in detail. The holistic perspective provides a physical description of how the collection of the individual components produces the observed tropical weather and climate. How the collective tropical processes determine the tropical circulation and their role in global weather and climate is provided in a series of overlapping theoretical and modelling constructs. The structure of the book follows a graduated framework. Following a detailed description of tropical phenomenology, the reader is introduced to dynamical and thermodynamical constraints that guide the planetary climate and establish a critical role for the tropics. Equatorial wave theory is developed for simple and complex background flows, including the critical role played by moist processes. The manner in which the tropics and the extratropics interact is then described, followed by a discussion of the physics behind the subtropical and near-equatorial precipitation including arid regions. The El Niño phenomena and the monsoon circulations are discussed, including their covariance and predictability. Finally, the changing structure of the tropics is discussed in terms of the extent of the tropical ocean warm pool and its relationship to the intensity of global convection and climate change. Dynamics of the Tropical Atmosphere and Oceans is aimed at advanced undergraduate and early career graduate students. It also serves as an excellent general reference book for scientists interested in tropical circulations and their relationship with the broader climate system.

Author: Kathryn Giesa
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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The Atlantic Niño is major mode of oceanic variability associated with warm sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the western tropical Atlantic Ocean. The SST variability is primarily forced by diabatic effects and the Bjerknes feedback. Changes in the tropical Atlantic SSTs are known to impact the climates of portions of Africa and India. However, the effects of the Atlantic Niño on Caribbean climate have yet to be discussed. This research explores the relationship between the Atlantic Niño SST variability and Caribbean climate. Reanalysis data from the National Center for Environmental Protection (NCEP) was collected for the Caribbean region, including monthly values of mean air temperature, total precipitation, and SSTs for the period 1951-2021. Station data for 16 total stations were also obtained, from the National Center for Environmental Information (NCEI) to analyze the relationship between the Atlantic Niño and local temperature and precipitation variability across the Caribbean region. In addition, strong associations were also found between regional Caribbean SSTs and air temperature. Finally, a similar, but weaker relationship, was found between the more localize station data and the Atlantic Niño.