Author: Wendelin Schnedler
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3790827061
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 165
Book Description
Since the fundamental work of Walras (1874), markets have received particular attention by economists because they lead to an efficient allocation of goods and services. However, the proper functioning of markets rests on certain assumptions. For instance, the good or ser vice which is to be traded must be clearly defined. This elementary requirement is often violated in reality, in particular when services are concerned. Consider the example of railway workers who are hired to lay tracks. A labour contract which stipulates a fixed wage and defines the workers' task as "laying tracks" is rather unspecific. Workers may profit from this vagueness by reducing effort to a comfortable amount -as long as tracks are laid, they do not violate contract conditions. Thus, an im precise definition of the service can result in inefficiently low efforts. An obvious solution to this problem is a clearer definition of the ser vice, but often this way is barred: To specify, for instance, all actions which are involved in laying tracks and which may vary with weather, surface and other conditions is far too complicated and too costly. In deed, labour contracts seldom give a detailed account of the task of a worker. Alternatively to a more precise task description, the wage of the worker could be conditioned on information about the worker's performance. For example, the railway workers might be paid by the length of tracks laid so that they are motivated to exert more effort.
The Value of Signals in Hidden Action Models
The Value of Signals in Hidden Action Models
Author: Wendelin Schnedler
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783790827071
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 172
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783790827071
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 172
Book Description
Agent-Based Computational Modelling
Author: Francesco C. Billari
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 379081721X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 232
Book Description
The present book describes the methodology to set up agent-based models and to study emerging patterns in complex adaptive systems resulting from multi-agent interaction. It offers the application of agent-based models in demography, social and economic sciences and environmental sciences. Examples include population dynamics, evolution of social norms, communication structures, patterns in eco-systems and socio-biology, natural resource management, spread of diseases and development processes. It presents and combines different approaches how to implement agent-based computational models and tools in an integrative manner that can be extended to other cases.
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 379081721X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 232
Book Description
The present book describes the methodology to set up agent-based models and to study emerging patterns in complex adaptive systems resulting from multi-agent interaction. It offers the application of agent-based models in demography, social and economic sciences and environmental sciences. Examples include population dynamics, evolution of social norms, communication structures, patterns in eco-systems and socio-biology, natural resource management, spread of diseases and development processes. It presents and combines different approaches how to implement agent-based computational models and tools in an integrative manner that can be extended to other cases.
Population Ageing and Economic Growth
Author: Sandra Gruescu
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3790819069
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 206
Book Description
This book reviews standard economic growth models concentrating on the relationship between population ageing and economic growth and develops a growth model with endogenous human capital and endogenous fertility. This model is used to analyse the effects of education policy and family policy on economic growth. The author presents results both for economic policy, and for economic growth theory.
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3790819069
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 206
Book Description
This book reviews standard economic growth models concentrating on the relationship between population ageing and economic growth and develops a growth model with endogenous human capital and endogenous fertility. This model is used to analyse the effects of education policy and family policy on economic growth. The author presents results both for economic policy, and for economic growth theory.
Empirical Finance
Author: Sardar M. N. Islam
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9783790815511
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 218
Book Description
The emphasis of this book is on understanding special characteristics of the financial systems of emerging markets, where the existence of market imperfections such as asymmetric information, adverse selection and moral hazard can cause financial market failures. Considering the Thai stock market as an example, this book provides an econometric study of a typical Asian financial system. Many contemporary techniques and models are used in this study, including simple multivariate regression, multi-factor model, exponential smoothing, Holt Winter’s models, and GARCH type models. The findings of the existence of rational bubbles, anomalies, volatility and other characteristics reveal evidence of inefficiency in the Thai stock market. Based on these results, the book includes justifications for public policies in such economies and makes suggestions for further research areas.
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9783790815511
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 218
Book Description
The emphasis of this book is on understanding special characteristics of the financial systems of emerging markets, where the existence of market imperfections such as asymmetric information, adverse selection and moral hazard can cause financial market failures. Considering the Thai stock market as an example, this book provides an econometric study of a typical Asian financial system. Many contemporary techniques and models are used in this study, including simple multivariate regression, multi-factor model, exponential smoothing, Holt Winter’s models, and GARCH type models. The findings of the existence of rational bubbles, anomalies, volatility and other characteristics reveal evidence of inefficiency in the Thai stock market. Based on these results, the book includes justifications for public policies in such economies and makes suggestions for further research areas.
Evolution of Italian Enterprises in the 20th Century
Author: Renato Giannetti
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3790817120
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 316
Book Description
During the first two-thirds of the 20th century the themes of sectorial structure and compared performance prevail in Italian economic historiography. In contrast, in the last part of the century attention is focused on the behavior of single economic actors and their micro-economic strategies. This book intends to act as a bridge between the two approaches, and reconstructs the secular journey of Italian industrial enterprise through an original study.
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3790817120
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 316
Book Description
During the first two-thirds of the 20th century the themes of sectorial structure and compared performance prevail in Italian economic historiography. In contrast, in the last part of the century attention is focused on the behavior of single economic actors and their micro-economic strategies. This book intends to act as a bridge between the two approaches, and reconstructs the secular journey of Italian industrial enterprise through an original study.
Project Governance
Author: Patrick S. Renz
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3790819271
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 274
Book Description
This book unveils a gap in the governance of development projects that ultimately hinders effective, transparent and accountable usage of resources. Illustrated with entertaining examples, the book develops a Project Governance model. The models six modules build an integrated, strategically oriented and ethically reflected platform for a more truthful and efficient cooperation in difficult projects or programs such as in development.
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3790819271
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 274
Book Description
This book unveils a gap in the governance of development projects that ultimately hinders effective, transparent and accountable usage of resources. Illustrated with entertaining examples, the book develops a Project Governance model. The models six modules build an integrated, strategically oriented and ethically reflected platform for a more truthful and efficient cooperation in difficult projects or programs such as in development.
Variable Income Equivalence Scales
Author: Carsten Schröder
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3790827118
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 171
Book Description
1.1 A Brief Overview An extensive body of empirical and theoretical literature deals with the mea surement of social welfare. This body can be decomposed in several different but related topics, all of which have implications for empirical studies in wel fare economics. One of these topics are household equivalence scales which help to compare welfare levels across households that differ in composition. An equivalence scale relates the income of any arbitrary household type to the income ofa referencehouseholdsuch that both households are equally well-off. Differences in household needs arise from differences in the households' de mographic composition which is, for instance, given by the number, age, and sex of the household members. The increase of household needs is not neces sarily proportional to the increase in the number of household members. Such a non-proportionality, for example, results from differences in the needs of adults and children, economies ofscale arising from the division of fixed costs among the household members, welfare gains from household production, and from common consumption ofcommodities bearing a within-household public good component.
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3790827118
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 171
Book Description
1.1 A Brief Overview An extensive body of empirical and theoretical literature deals with the mea surement of social welfare. This body can be decomposed in several different but related topics, all of which have implications for empirical studies in wel fare economics. One of these topics are household equivalence scales which help to compare welfare levels across households that differ in composition. An equivalence scale relates the income of any arbitrary household type to the income ofa referencehouseholdsuch that both households are equally well-off. Differences in household needs arise from differences in the households' de mographic composition which is, for instance, given by the number, age, and sex of the household members. The increase of household needs is not neces sarily proportional to the increase in the number of household members. Such a non-proportionality, for example, results from differences in the needs of adults and children, economies ofscale arising from the division of fixed costs among the household members, welfare gains from household production, and from common consumption ofcommodities bearing a within-household public good component.
Multinational Enterprises, Foreign Direct Investment and Growth in Africa
Author: Bernard Michael Gilroy
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9783790802764
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 324
Book Description
How can Africa, the world’s most lagging region, benefit from globalisation and achieve sustained economic growth? Africa needs greater investment by Multinational Enterprises (MNEs) to improve competitiveness and generate more growth through positive spill-over effects. Despite the fact that Africa’s returns on investment averaged 29% since 1990, Africa has gained merely 1% of global Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) flows. The challenge for African countries is how to be a more desirable destination for FDI. The study integrates three currents of economic research, namely from the literature on (endogenous) economic growth, convergence and regional integration, the explanations for Africa’s poor growth and the growing understanding of the role of MNEs in a global economy. The empirical side of the book is based on an econometric study of the determinants of FDI in Africa as well as a detailed firm-level survey conducted in 2000.
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9783790802764
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 324
Book Description
How can Africa, the world’s most lagging region, benefit from globalisation and achieve sustained economic growth? Africa needs greater investment by Multinational Enterprises (MNEs) to improve competitiveness and generate more growth through positive spill-over effects. Despite the fact that Africa’s returns on investment averaged 29% since 1990, Africa has gained merely 1% of global Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) flows. The challenge for African countries is how to be a more desirable destination for FDI. The study integrates three currents of economic research, namely from the literature on (endogenous) economic growth, convergence and regional integration, the explanations for Africa’s poor growth and the growing understanding of the role of MNEs in a global economy. The empirical side of the book is based on an econometric study of the determinants of FDI in Africa as well as a detailed firm-level survey conducted in 2000.
Locational Preferences of Entrepreneurs
Author: W.J. Meester
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3790826871
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 228
Book Description
In this book, locational preferences of firms in The Netherlands and Germany are studied from a behavioural point of view. Stated preferences of entrepreneurs in each country are examined, using various types of statistical analysis. The influence of both firm and place characteristics is analysed. Special attention is given to the relation between distance and rating. Other topics mentioned are changes in the rating patterns in time, the relation of locational preferences with other types of spatial preferences and with locational behaviour. The results of the analyses may be regarded as relevant to behavioural theory as well as to the practice of government policies.
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3790826871
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 228
Book Description
In this book, locational preferences of firms in The Netherlands and Germany are studied from a behavioural point of view. Stated preferences of entrepreneurs in each country are examined, using various types of statistical analysis. The influence of both firm and place characteristics is analysed. Special attention is given to the relation between distance and rating. Other topics mentioned are changes in the rating patterns in time, the relation of locational preferences with other types of spatial preferences and with locational behaviour. The results of the analyses may be regarded as relevant to behavioural theory as well as to the practice of government policies.