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Author: David M. Oaks Publisher: Rand Corporation ISBN: 0833046667 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 64
Book Description
This document describes a study done for the U.S. Army Combined Arms Support Command (CASCOM) to assess future needs for temporary petroleum pipeline structure. At the time this work was begun, the Army was weighing further development of a new pipeline capability, the Rapidly Installed Fuel Transfer System (RIFTS), and also conducting its normal cycle of future force structure planning. This project reviewed historical uses of temporary pipelines and surveyed future scenarios in order to develop a broad list of potential pipeline requirements. Next, against this list of likely requirements, the performance of several fuel distribution options -- including existing and planned pipeline units and equipment, new pipeline options, and the use of trucks -- was assessed across a variety of performance dimensions. The analytic results pointed to no clearly best choice. Instead, the preferred course of action is very sensitive to the decisionmaker's assessment of the environment and weighting among the importance of the different performance dimensions. A decision-support table to help the decisionmaker with this assessment is provided along with supplementary recommendations on near-term investment of reset funds and the reallocation of personnel within existing petroleum pipeline unit designs. The findings in this document should be of interest to those engaged with future Army logistics support force structure requirements.
Author: David M. Oaks Publisher: Rand Corporation ISBN: 0833046667 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 64
Book Description
This document describes a study done for the U.S. Army Combined Arms Support Command (CASCOM) to assess future needs for temporary petroleum pipeline structure. At the time this work was begun, the Army was weighing further development of a new pipeline capability, the Rapidly Installed Fuel Transfer System (RIFTS), and also conducting its normal cycle of future force structure planning. This project reviewed historical uses of temporary pipelines and surveyed future scenarios in order to develop a broad list of potential pipeline requirements. Next, against this list of likely requirements, the performance of several fuel distribution options -- including existing and planned pipeline units and equipment, new pipeline options, and the use of trucks -- was assessed across a variety of performance dimensions. The analytic results pointed to no clearly best choice. Instead, the preferred course of action is very sensitive to the decisionmaker's assessment of the environment and weighting among the importance of the different performance dimensions. A decision-support table to help the decisionmaker with this assessment is provided along with supplementary recommendations on near-term investment of reset funds and the reallocation of personnel within existing petroleum pipeline unit designs. The findings in this document should be of interest to those engaged with future Army logistics support force structure requirements.
Author: Bruno Miller Publisher: Transportation Research Board ISBN: 0309258960 Category : Airports Languages : en Pages : 127
Book Description
"TRB's Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Report 83: Assessing Opportunities for Alternative Fuel Distribution Programs consists of a guidebook and toolkit designed to help airports introduce and market alternative fuels to their airport community that includes tenants and consumers off airport. Alternative fuels considered include alternative jet fuel, green diesel, biodiesel, ethanol, compressed natural gas (CNG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and electricity. The guidebook includes a step-by-step process to evaluate opportunities and constraints for alternative fuel distribution programs."--Publisher's description.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309268524 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 395
Book Description
For a century, almost all light-duty vehicles (LDVs) have been powered by internal combustion engines operating on petroleum fuels. Energy security concerns about petroleum imports and the effect of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions on global climate are driving interest in alternatives. Transitions to Alternative Vehicles and Fuels assesses the potential for reducing petroleum consumption and GHG emissions by 80 percent across the U.S. LDV fleet by 2050, relative to 2005. This report examines the current capability and estimated future performance and costs for each vehicle type and non-petroleum-based fuel technology as options that could significantly contribute to these goals. By analyzing scenarios that combine various fuel and vehicle pathways, the report also identifies barriers to implementation of these technologies and suggests policies to achieve the desired reductions. Several scenarios are promising, but strong, and effective policies such as research and development, subsidies, energy taxes, or regulations will be necessary to overcome barriers, such as cost and consumer choice.
Author: Sunggyu Lee Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 146659456X Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 706
Book Description
While strides are being made in the research and development of environmentally acceptable and more sustainable alternative fuels—including efforts to reduce emissions of air pollutants associated with combustion processes from electric power generation and vehicular transportation—fossil fuel resources are limited and may soon be on the verge of depletion in the near future. Measuring the correlation between quality of life, energy consumption, and the efficient utilization of energy, the Handbook of Alternative Fuel Technologies, Second Edition thoroughly examines the science and technology of alternative fuels and their processing technologies. It focuses specifically on environmental, technoeconomic, and socioeconomic issues associated with the use of alternative energy sources, such as sustainability, applicable technologies, modes of utilization, and impacts on society. Written with research and development scientists and engineers in mind, the material in this handbook provides a detailed description and an assessment of available and feasible technologies, environmental health and safety issues, governmental regulations, and issues and agendas for R&D. It also includes alternative energy networks for production, distribution, and consumption. What’s New in This Edition: Contains several new chapters of emerging interest and updates various chapters throughout Includes coverage of coal gasification and liquefaction, hydrogen technology and safety, shale fuel by hydraulic fracturing, ethanol from lignocellulosics, biodiesel, algae fuels, and energy from waste products Covers statistics, current concerns, and future trends A single-volume complete reference, the Handbook of Alternative Fuel Technologies, Second Edition contains relevant information on chemistry, technology, and novel approaches, as well as scientific foundations for further enhancements and breakthroughs. In addition to its purposes as a handbook for practicing scientists and engineers, it can also be used as a textbook or as a reference book on fuel science and engineering, energy and environment, chemical process design, and energy and environmental policy.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Fischer-Tropsch process Languages : en Pages : 204
Book Description
Energy reform in the United States Department of the Navy is currently a leading priority. Supporting reform efforts, the Honorable Ray Mabus, Secretary of the Navy, set a goal to sail a "Green Strike Group" composed of ships powered by alternative fuels by 2016. This report details considerations for implementing an alternative fuel for the Green Strike Group. This is accomplished by developing the requirements for an alternative fuel, analyzing several potential candidates, and recommending a preferred alternative (Fischer-Tropsch S-5). Additionally, this report describes the existing infrastructure supporting fuel distribution to Navy ships and explores options for changes necessary to support the selected alternative fuel. A notional mission profile is depicted, showing the Green Strike Group's progress from Norfolk, Virginia to the Arabian Sea and back again over the course of a 180-day deployment. A deterministic fuel estimation model and the succeeding, higher fidelity stochastic model are described, leading to the prediction of alternative fuel amount requirements and necessary geographic placement. Finally, this report concludes with the assertion that while sailing the Green Strike Group is technologically possible, significant and immediate economic investments are needed in order to realize the Secretary of the Navy's goal by 2016.
Author: Mark L. Poulton Publisher: WIT Press (UK) ISBN: Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 242
Book Description
"The many alternative fuels that have been reviewed in this book are likely to be of great interest to a broad readership, not only to mechanical, petrochemical and transportation engineers, but anyone with a technical association with the subject. The book covers fuels for the motor vehicle and how they may develop and change in the future. Prospects for conventional petrol and diesel fuels are discussed, including their reformulation, as well as synthetic fuels, vegetable oils and other biofuels, alcohols, gases (LPG, natural gas and hydrogen) and electricity." "This book has been published as a consequence of a programme of study, commissioned by the Chief Mechanical Engineer's Office at the UK Department of Transport, into the contribution of the road vehicle to global warming. A programme of research was placed with the Environment Centre of the Transport Research Laboratory, and one of the individual projects was to investigate the future prospects for conventional and alternative fuels for road vehicles. Implications for the energy and emissions from the whole fuel cycle (from production to distribution and final usage) were considered, but, more importantly, the vehicular fuel consumption (and consequent carbon dioxide emissions) and exhaust emission characteristics were the primary focus of attention." "The structure of this book is such that each chapter describes a particular alternative fuel and is completely self-contained. The reader will be able to cover a particular subject that is of interest without having to refer to other chapters to gain a full understanding of the fuel's characteristics, notable developments and demonstration programmes underway worldwide. One chapter (chapter 10) does provide an overview and inter-comparison of all the fuels discussed, including point-of-use and life cycle emissions, global warming impacts, fuel storage implications and likely costs." "Future advances in conventional engines and the development of alternative power units are discussed in the companion volume to this book, Alternative Engines for Road Vehicles. The future prospects for a range of engines, including conventional petrol and diesel-fuelled units (covering technologies such as two-stroke, lean burn and stratified charge), the rotary engine, gas turbine, Stirling, Rankine (steam engine) and hybrids are assessed for their potential to reduce vehicle emissions and improve fuel economy. Other less well known concepts such as catalytic combustion, the Quadratic (beam) engine, stepped piston and other engine efficiency techniques are also reviewed." --Book Jacket.
Author: Richard L Bechtold Publisher: SAE International ISBN: 0768025435 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 218
Book Description
This book presents the fundamentals needed to understand the physical and chemical properties of alternative fuels, and how they impact refueling system design and the modification of existing garages for safety. It covers a wide range of fuels including alcohols, gases, and vegetable oils. Chapters cover: Alternative Fuels and Their Origins Properties and Specifications Materials Compatibility Storage and Dispensing Refueling Facility Installation and Garage Facility Modifications and more
Author: Timothy J Maxwell Publisher: SAE International ISBN: 1560915234 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 342
Book Description
Written primarily for fleet management personnel with purchasing, maintenance, or operations responsibilities, Alternative Fuels: Emissions, Economics, and Performance provides essential information for those who are considering adding alternatively-fueled vehicles to their fleets. Readers will gain a solid understanding of the fundamentals of alternative fuels and the factors that need to be considered when evaluating their use. No prior knowledge of alternative fuels is necessary. Basic information on the various alternative fuels and objective data on the costs of converting, fueling, and operating alternatively-fueled vehicles is covered in this book. Fuel cost, performance, reliability, and availability are addressed. The book also discusses the 1990 amendments to the Clean Air Act and the 1992 Comprehensive National Energy Policy Act. A summary of Texas' state law, considered to be representative of state legislation on alternative fuels and a glossary of key terms, are also included. Eight chapters cover: Review of Engine Technology; Characteristics of Alternative Fuels; Conversion of Spark Ignition Engines; Conversion of Compression Ignition Engines; Refueling Facilities; Legislation and Policies; and Cost Considerations. The book is also an ideal introduction to the topic for legislators, administrators, educators, and anyone interested in learning more about alternate fuels.
Author: Lynn J. Cunningham Publisher: Createspace Independent Pub ISBN: 9781478326618 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 44
Book Description
A wide array of federal incentives support the development and deployment of alternatives to conventional fuels and engines in transportation. These incentives include tax deductions and credits for vehicle purchases and the installation of refueling systems, federal grants for conversion of older vehicles to newer technologies, mandates for the use of biofuels, and incentives for manufacturers to produce alternative fuel vehicles. The current array of incentives for alternative fuels and related technologies do not reflect a single, comprehensive strategy, but rather an aggregative approach to a range of discreet public policy issues, including goals of reducing petroleum consumption and import dependence, improving environmental quality, expanding domestic manufacturing, and promoting agriculture and rural development. Current federal programs are administered by five key agencies: Department of the Treasury, Department of Energy, Department of Transportation, Environmental Protection Agency, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The incentives and programs described in this report are organized by the responsible agency. Treasury (through the Internal Revenue Service, IRS) administers tax credits and deductions for alternative fuel and advanced technology vehicle purchases, expansion of alternative fuel refueling infrastructure, and incentives for the production and/or distribution of alternative fuels. Many of these incentives have expired in recent years and may or may not be reinstated. DOE (mainly through the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, EERE) administers research and development (R&D) programs for advanced fuels and transportation technology, grant programs to deploy alternative fuels and vehicles, and a loan program to promote domestic manufacturing of high efficiency vehicles. DOT (mainly through the Federal Highway Administration, FHWA, and Federal Transit Administration, FTA) administers grant programs to deploy “clean fuel” buses and other alternative fuel vehicles. DOT (through the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, NHTSA) also administers federal Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards, which include incentives for production of alternative fuel vehicles. EPA (mainly through the Office of Transportation and Air Quality, OTAQ) administers the Renewable Fuel Standard, which mandates the use of biofuels in transportation. EPA also administers grant programs to replace older diesel engines with newer technology. USDA (mainly through the Rural Business-Cooperative Service, RBS) administers grant, loan, and loan guarantee programs to expand agricultural production of biofuel feedstocks, conduct R&D on biofuels and bioenergy, and establish and expand facilities to produce biofuels, bioenergy, and bioproducts.
Author: David M. Oaks
Author: David M. Oaks
Author: Bruno Miller
Author: National Research Council
Author: Sunggyu Lee
Author: 
Author: Mark L. Poulton
Author: Richard L Bechtold
Author: Timothy J Maxwell
Author: Brent D. Yacobucci
Author: Lynn J. Cunningham