Author:
Publisher: International Potato Center
ISBN: 9789290601869
Category : Potatoes
Languages : en
Pages : 250
Book Description
Production and Utilization of True Potato Seed in Asia
Author:
Publisher: International Potato Center
ISBN: 9789290601869
Category : Potatoes
Languages : en
Pages : 250
Book Description
Publisher: International Potato Center
ISBN: 9789290601869
Category : Potatoes
Languages : en
Pages : 250
Book Description
The Potato Genome
Author: Swarup Kumar Chakrabarti
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319661353
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 332
Book Description
This book describes the historical importance of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.),potato genetic resources and stocks (including S. tuberosum group Phureja DM1-3 516 R44, a unique doubled monoploid homozygous line) used for potato genome sequencing. It also discusses strategies and tools for high-throughput sequencing, sequence assembly, annotation, analysis, repetitive sequences and genotyping-by-sequencing approaches. Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.; 2n = 4x = 48) is the fourth most important food crop of the world after rice, wheat and maize and holds great potential to ensure both food and nutritional security. It is an autotetraploid crop with complex genetics, acute inbreeding depression and a highly heterozygous nature. Further, the book examines the recent discovery of whole genome sequencing of a few wild potato species genomes, genomics in management and genetic enhancement of Solanum species, new strategies towards durable potato late blight resistance, structural analysis of resistance genes, genomics resources for abiotic stress management, as well as somatic cell genetics and modern approaches in true-potato-seed technology. The complete genome sequence provides a better understanding of potato biology, underpinning evolutionary process, genetics, breeding and molecular efforts to improve various important traits involved in potato growth and development.
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319661353
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 332
Book Description
This book describes the historical importance of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.),potato genetic resources and stocks (including S. tuberosum group Phureja DM1-3 516 R44, a unique doubled monoploid homozygous line) used for potato genome sequencing. It also discusses strategies and tools for high-throughput sequencing, sequence assembly, annotation, analysis, repetitive sequences and genotyping-by-sequencing approaches. Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.; 2n = 4x = 48) is the fourth most important food crop of the world after rice, wheat and maize and holds great potential to ensure both food and nutritional security. It is an autotetraploid crop with complex genetics, acute inbreeding depression and a highly heterozygous nature. Further, the book examines the recent discovery of whole genome sequencing of a few wild potato species genomes, genomics in management and genetic enhancement of Solanum species, new strategies towards durable potato late blight resistance, structural analysis of resistance genes, genomics resources for abiotic stress management, as well as somatic cell genetics and modern approaches in true-potato-seed technology. The complete genome sequence provides a better understanding of potato biology, underpinning evolutionary process, genetics, breeding and molecular efforts to improve various important traits involved in potato growth and development.
Handbook of Potato Production, Improvement, and Postharvest Management
Author: Jai Gopal
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000065014
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 638
Book Description
Potatoes are a crucial food crop around the world, grown in nearly 150 countries. The Handbook of Potato Production, Improvement, and Postharvest Management compiles everything you need to know about potato crop production in one well-organized reference. Leading international authorities clearly discuss the biology, genetics, breeding, diseases, and effective approaches for improvement of crop and handling after harvest. This one-of-a-kind text explores, from interdisciplinary perspectives, every aspect of potato crop management from seed germination to end use while presenting the most current research available.
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000065014
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 638
Book Description
Potatoes are a crucial food crop around the world, grown in nearly 150 countries. The Handbook of Potato Production, Improvement, and Postharvest Management compiles everything you need to know about potato crop production in one well-organized reference. Leading international authorities clearly discuss the biology, genetics, breeding, diseases, and effective approaches for improvement of crop and handling after harvest. This one-of-a-kind text explores, from interdisciplinary perspectives, every aspect of potato crop management from seed germination to end use while presenting the most current research available.
True Potato Seed
Author: Patricio Malagamba
Publisher: International Potato Center
ISBN:
Category : Potatoes
Languages : en
Pages : 16
Book Description
Publisher: International Potato Center
ISBN:
Category : Potatoes
Languages : en
Pages : 16
Book Description
The Potato Crop
Author: Hugo Campos
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030286835
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 524
Book Description
This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. This book provides a fresh, updated and science-based perspective on the current status and prospects of the diverse array of topics related to the potato, and was written by distinguished scientists with hands-on global experience in research aspects related to potato. The potato is the third most important global food crop in terms of consumption. Being the only vegetatively propagated species among the world’s main five staple crops creates both issues and opportunities for the potato: on the one hand, this constrains the speed of its geographic expansion and its options for international commercialization and distribution when compared with commodity crops such as maize, wheat or rice. On the other, it provides an effective insulation against speculation and unforeseen spikes in commodity prices, since the potato does not represent a good traded on global markets. These two factors highlight the underappreciated and underrated role of the potato as a dependable nutrition security crop, one that can mitigate turmoil in world food supply and demand and political instability in some developing countries. Increasingly, the global role of the potato has expanded from a profitable crop in developing countries to a crop providing income and nutrition security in developing ones. This book will appeal to academics and students of crop sciences, but also policy makers and other stakeholders involved in the potato and its contribution to humankind’s food security.
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030286835
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 524
Book Description
This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. This book provides a fresh, updated and science-based perspective on the current status and prospects of the diverse array of topics related to the potato, and was written by distinguished scientists with hands-on global experience in research aspects related to potato. The potato is the third most important global food crop in terms of consumption. Being the only vegetatively propagated species among the world’s main five staple crops creates both issues and opportunities for the potato: on the one hand, this constrains the speed of its geographic expansion and its options for international commercialization and distribution when compared with commodity crops such as maize, wheat or rice. On the other, it provides an effective insulation against speculation and unforeseen spikes in commodity prices, since the potato does not represent a good traded on global markets. These two factors highlight the underappreciated and underrated role of the potato as a dependable nutrition security crop, one that can mitigate turmoil in world food supply and demand and political instability in some developing countries. Increasingly, the global role of the potato has expanded from a profitable crop in developing countries to a crop providing income and nutrition security in developing ones. This book will appeal to academics and students of crop sciences, but also policy makers and other stakeholders involved in the potato and its contribution to humankind’s food security.
Potato Seed Production
Author: Sergey V. Zhevora
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030607623
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 131
Book Description
This book comprises the best potato seed production practices and includes details on potato cultivation, classification, and the main structural elements of the successive stages of potato seed production. It presents potato varieties from Russian originators, describes modern technologies involved in the process of potato seed production, and presents special aspects of phytosanitary and process regulations for the cultivation of high-quality potato seed. Additionally, the authors illustrate the statutory regulation of salable quality of potato seed: purity of variety, diseases, pests, and defects. The authors identify Russian quality control methods and certification of potato seed, and consider the packaging and labeling of potato seed that is held for sale. Finally, the authors also clarify the features of foreign potato seed certification systems.
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030607623
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 131
Book Description
This book comprises the best potato seed production practices and includes details on potato cultivation, classification, and the main structural elements of the successive stages of potato seed production. It presents potato varieties from Russian originators, describes modern technologies involved in the process of potato seed production, and presents special aspects of phytosanitary and process regulations for the cultivation of high-quality potato seed. Additionally, the authors illustrate the statutory regulation of salable quality of potato seed: purity of variety, diseases, pests, and defects. The authors identify Russian quality control methods and certification of potato seed, and consider the packaging and labeling of potato seed that is held for sale. Finally, the authors also clarify the features of foreign potato seed certification systems.
Seed potato technology
Author: P.C. Struik
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9086867596
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 383
Book Description
This book provides basic knowledge on how to produce, multiply and use propagation material in seed potato production and supply systems world wide. Healthy, vigorous seed tubers are essential in potato production. Producing them used to be expensive and difficult. Multiplication rates in the field are low, seed-borne diseases are numerous and seed tubers lose quality during storage between growing seasons. Recently, novel methods of multiplication have revolutionised the seed potato industry. This has resulted in a diversity of seed production systems adjusted to the local potential and needs. This book summarises the current knowledge and assesses the efficient use of modern technology in different stages of seed production. It describes in detail what seed quality means, how (pre-)basic seed can be produced, how this can be multiplied, and how seed health is maintained. It also describes diverse examples of seed supply systems in different regions of the world. The book is aimed at agronomists, farm advisors, seed producers, breeders, and at those involved in seed policies, seed programme development and seed trade. Also recommended for (international) students in agronomy, horticulture and plant breeding.
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9086867596
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 383
Book Description
This book provides basic knowledge on how to produce, multiply and use propagation material in seed potato production and supply systems world wide. Healthy, vigorous seed tubers are essential in potato production. Producing them used to be expensive and difficult. Multiplication rates in the field are low, seed-borne diseases are numerous and seed tubers lose quality during storage between growing seasons. Recently, novel methods of multiplication have revolutionised the seed potato industry. This has resulted in a diversity of seed production systems adjusted to the local potential and needs. This book summarises the current knowledge and assesses the efficient use of modern technology in different stages of seed production. It describes in detail what seed quality means, how (pre-)basic seed can be produced, how this can be multiplied, and how seed health is maintained. It also describes diverse examples of seed supply systems in different regions of the world. The book is aimed at agronomists, farm advisors, seed producers, breeders, and at those involved in seed policies, seed programme development and seed trade. Also recommended for (international) students in agronomy, horticulture and plant breeding.
Landrace Gardening
Author: Joseph Lofthouse
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780578245652
Category : Heirloom varieties (Plants)
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Bringing dynamic back into vegetable gardening, seed saving, and breeding of plants and animals. A joyful and accessible approach to growing tasty, productive, and resiliently diverse food. Advocating a return to traditional regenerative horticulture methods of gardening and farming, while minimizing the use of current agricultural methods. Focusing on communities, and local varieties of crops and animals. Biodiversity and cross pollination allow selection for crops that thrive under ever changing conditions, while lessening the need for costly inputs, like poisons, fertilizer, materials, and labor. Less labor means more time for friends, family, music, dancing, or whatever it is that brings you joy. The book includes detailed suggestions for developing a more reliable food system using local crop varieties. The techniques taught in this book can bring self-reliance and sustainable food security to small scale back yard beginner gardens, large scale farms, and permaculture food forests. A chapter is devoted to pollination and the benefits of encouraging cross-pollination. Chapters are devoted to breeding tomatoes, corn, beans, squash, and grains. Tips on growing many other vegetable varieties are included. The appendix includes a summary of which vegetables and grains are easiest to work with. A chapter is devoted to extending the principles of local gardening to breeding chickens, honeybees, mushrooms, and trees. Reviews "Landrace Gardening is brilliant." Dan Barber, Blue Hill At Stone Barns, and Row 7 Seed Company "Landrace Gardening gives us a roadmap to the kind of joyful food security that we need for healing many of the most important wounds of our time." Jason Padvorac "The best part is that everything in this book is adaptable for any gardener." Jere Gettle- Baker Creek Heirloom Seed Company. "The western sustainable agriculture movement has long needed its own version of the 'One Straw Revolution'. Joseph Lofthouse provides just that. " Alan Bishop, Alchemist at Spirits Of French Lick "Awesome to see this process beginning to work in just one year." Josh Jamison, HEART Village "Inspiring. Empowering. VERY important work." Stephanie Genus "This book begins to spark the imagination to the possibilities of what we have lost and how to begin to resurrect the return to something even better." Karin Kee "Man is way too eager to take extra burdens upon his shoulders, babying and pampering the plant when it should be bred to do all the work itself. Landrace Gardening makes important progress in that direction." Dave Blanchard "No Homestead Or Garden Is Complete Without This Book!" EmsyDoodle "If one can learn to take a more free approach to gardening and seed saving you will experience much of the joy Joseph receives when he gardens." Andrew Barney
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780578245652
Category : Heirloom varieties (Plants)
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Bringing dynamic back into vegetable gardening, seed saving, and breeding of plants and animals. A joyful and accessible approach to growing tasty, productive, and resiliently diverse food. Advocating a return to traditional regenerative horticulture methods of gardening and farming, while minimizing the use of current agricultural methods. Focusing on communities, and local varieties of crops and animals. Biodiversity and cross pollination allow selection for crops that thrive under ever changing conditions, while lessening the need for costly inputs, like poisons, fertilizer, materials, and labor. Less labor means more time for friends, family, music, dancing, or whatever it is that brings you joy. The book includes detailed suggestions for developing a more reliable food system using local crop varieties. The techniques taught in this book can bring self-reliance and sustainable food security to small scale back yard beginner gardens, large scale farms, and permaculture food forests. A chapter is devoted to pollination and the benefits of encouraging cross-pollination. Chapters are devoted to breeding tomatoes, corn, beans, squash, and grains. Tips on growing many other vegetable varieties are included. The appendix includes a summary of which vegetables and grains are easiest to work with. A chapter is devoted to extending the principles of local gardening to breeding chickens, honeybees, mushrooms, and trees. Reviews "Landrace Gardening is brilliant." Dan Barber, Blue Hill At Stone Barns, and Row 7 Seed Company "Landrace Gardening gives us a roadmap to the kind of joyful food security that we need for healing many of the most important wounds of our time." Jason Padvorac "The best part is that everything in this book is adaptable for any gardener." Jere Gettle- Baker Creek Heirloom Seed Company. "The western sustainable agriculture movement has long needed its own version of the 'One Straw Revolution'. Joseph Lofthouse provides just that. " Alan Bishop, Alchemist at Spirits Of French Lick "Awesome to see this process beginning to work in just one year." Josh Jamison, HEART Village "Inspiring. Empowering. VERY important work." Stephanie Genus "This book begins to spark the imagination to the possibilities of what we have lost and how to begin to resurrect the return to something even better." Karin Kee "Man is way too eager to take extra burdens upon his shoulders, babying and pampering the plant when it should be bred to do all the work itself. Landrace Gardening makes important progress in that direction." Dave Blanchard "No Homestead Or Garden Is Complete Without This Book!" EmsyDoodle "If one can learn to take a more free approach to gardening and seed saving you will experience much of the joy Joseph receives when he gardens." Andrew Barney
Potato and Potato Products Cultivation, Seed Production, Manuring, Harvesting, Organic Farming, Storage and Processing
Author: NPCS Board of Consultants & Engineers
Publisher: NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES
ISBN: 8190439898
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 524
Book Description
Potato ranks fourth position in the world after wheat, rice and maize as non cereal food crop. Potato is probably the most popular food item in the Indian diet and India is one of the largest producers of potato. It is used in many ways like vegetable, potato wafers/chips, powder, finger chips etc. Potato tubers constitute a highly nutritious food. It provides carbohydrates, vitamin C, minerals, high quality protein and dietary fiber. Potato is a rich source of starch and it is consumed mainly for its calorific value, also contains phosphorus, calcium, iron and some vitamins. Boiling potatoes increases their protein content and almost doubles their calcium content. It is vastly consumed as a vegetable and is also used in various forms such as starch, flour, alcohol, and dextrin and livestock fodder. It is estimated that about 25 % of the potatoes, which are spoiled due to several reasons, may be saved by processing and preservation of various types of processed products. The potatoes can be processed for preservation and value addition in the form of wafers/ chips, powder, flakes, granules, canned slices. Potato granules are used for the preparation of various recipes, to add to vegetable and non vegetable recipes and to enhance the quantity as well as to enrich the food value. There is a huge potential for processed potato products such as potato flakes, potato powder, frozen potatoes, frozen French fries, potato chips/wafers are one of the most popular snack items consumed throughout world. International trade in potatoes and potato products still remains thin relative to production, as only around 6 percent of output is traded. High transport costs, including the cost of refrigeration, are major obstacles to a wider international marketplace. The industry is still growing at a rapid pace where French fries are showing the highest growth followed by potato chips and potato powder/flakes. It is by far the largest product category within snacks, with 85% of the total market revenue. This book basically deals with origin, evolution, history and spread of potato, potato products, quality requirements for processing, morphological, size and shape, defects, biochemical, dry matter, reducing sugars, phenols, inheritance, morphological attributes, tuber shape, growth cracks, hollow heart, internal rust spots, greening, biochemical attributes, glycoalkaloids, dry matter, reducing sugars, enzymic browning, development of varieties for processing, areas suitable for growing processing potatoes, processing quality of Indian potato varieties, processed potato products, dehydrated products at village level, potato chips, french fries and flakes commercial production, grading manual for frozen French fried potatoes for frozen French fried potatoes, areas of production, varieties, receiving, determining the quality and condition of raw potatoes for frying purposes, determining the quality and condition of raw potatoes for frying purposes, etc. The present book covers complete details of potato cultivation and processing in proper manner. This book is an invaluable resource for agriculture universities, students, technocrats and entrepreneurs. TAGS Agro Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Agro Techniques for potato production of quality potato seed, Commercial Postharvest Handling of Potatoes, Cultivation of Potato, Favourable Conditions of Growth for Potato, Food Processing Industry in India, Get started in small-scale food manufacturing, How long does it take to grow a potato?, How to Easily Plant and Harvest Potatoes, How to Grow and Store Potatoes, How to Grow Organic Potatoes, How to grow Potato : Vegetable Gardening, how to grow potatoes , How to plant potatoes?, How to start a food manufacturing business, How to Start a Food Production Business, How to Start a Potato Production Business, How to start a successful potato processing business, How to Start Food Processing Industry in India, How to Start Potato Processing Industry in India, How to Store Potatoes, Most Profitable Food Processing Business Ideas, Most Profitable Potato Processing Business Ideas, new small scale ideas in Potato processing industry, organic farming potatoes, Organic Potato Production, planting potatoes from potatoes, post-harvest technology and utilization of potato, Potato and Potato Processing Technology Book, potato by products, potato cultivation in india, potato cultivation pdf, potato cultivation techniques in india, potato farming business plan, potato farming methods, potato farming process, Potato Processing and Uses, Potato Processing Industry in India, potato production in india, Potato Production, Processing and Technology book, Potato Seed Production, Potato Value Added Products, Potatoes: Planting, Growing and Harvesting Potato Plants, Potential value-added products and uses, Process Technology Book for Production of Potato, Setting up and opening your potato processing Business, Starting a Potato Farm - Startup Business, Starting a Potato Processing Business, true potato seed production technology, Use of Manure in Potato Production, Value Added potato processing, Value added products from potato, Value addition to potatoes, Value-Added Food Processing Technologies, Value-added food products processing, Value-added offerings increase in potato category, What are potatoes made out of?, what are seed potato
Publisher: NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES
ISBN: 8190439898
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 524
Book Description
Potato ranks fourth position in the world after wheat, rice and maize as non cereal food crop. Potato is probably the most popular food item in the Indian diet and India is one of the largest producers of potato. It is used in many ways like vegetable, potato wafers/chips, powder, finger chips etc. Potato tubers constitute a highly nutritious food. It provides carbohydrates, vitamin C, minerals, high quality protein and dietary fiber. Potato is a rich source of starch and it is consumed mainly for its calorific value, also contains phosphorus, calcium, iron and some vitamins. Boiling potatoes increases their protein content and almost doubles their calcium content. It is vastly consumed as a vegetable and is also used in various forms such as starch, flour, alcohol, and dextrin and livestock fodder. It is estimated that about 25 % of the potatoes, which are spoiled due to several reasons, may be saved by processing and preservation of various types of processed products. The potatoes can be processed for preservation and value addition in the form of wafers/ chips, powder, flakes, granules, canned slices. Potato granules are used for the preparation of various recipes, to add to vegetable and non vegetable recipes and to enhance the quantity as well as to enrich the food value. There is a huge potential for processed potato products such as potato flakes, potato powder, frozen potatoes, frozen French fries, potato chips/wafers are one of the most popular snack items consumed throughout world. International trade in potatoes and potato products still remains thin relative to production, as only around 6 percent of output is traded. High transport costs, including the cost of refrigeration, are major obstacles to a wider international marketplace. The industry is still growing at a rapid pace where French fries are showing the highest growth followed by potato chips and potato powder/flakes. It is by far the largest product category within snacks, with 85% of the total market revenue. This book basically deals with origin, evolution, history and spread of potato, potato products, quality requirements for processing, morphological, size and shape, defects, biochemical, dry matter, reducing sugars, phenols, inheritance, morphological attributes, tuber shape, growth cracks, hollow heart, internal rust spots, greening, biochemical attributes, glycoalkaloids, dry matter, reducing sugars, enzymic browning, development of varieties for processing, areas suitable for growing processing potatoes, processing quality of Indian potato varieties, processed potato products, dehydrated products at village level, potato chips, french fries and flakes commercial production, grading manual for frozen French fried potatoes for frozen French fried potatoes, areas of production, varieties, receiving, determining the quality and condition of raw potatoes for frying purposes, determining the quality and condition of raw potatoes for frying purposes, etc. The present book covers complete details of potato cultivation and processing in proper manner. This book is an invaluable resource for agriculture universities, students, technocrats and entrepreneurs. TAGS Agro Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Agro Techniques for potato production of quality potato seed, Commercial Postharvest Handling of Potatoes, Cultivation of Potato, Favourable Conditions of Growth for Potato, Food Processing Industry in India, Get started in small-scale food manufacturing, How long does it take to grow a potato?, How to Easily Plant and Harvest Potatoes, How to Grow and Store Potatoes, How to Grow Organic Potatoes, How to grow Potato : Vegetable Gardening, how to grow potatoes , How to plant potatoes?, How to start a food manufacturing business, How to Start a Food Production Business, How to Start a Potato Production Business, How to start a successful potato processing business, How to Start Food Processing Industry in India, How to Start Potato Processing Industry in India, How to Store Potatoes, Most Profitable Food Processing Business Ideas, Most Profitable Potato Processing Business Ideas, new small scale ideas in Potato processing industry, organic farming potatoes, Organic Potato Production, planting potatoes from potatoes, post-harvest technology and utilization of potato, Potato and Potato Processing Technology Book, potato by products, potato cultivation in india, potato cultivation pdf, potato cultivation techniques in india, potato farming business plan, potato farming methods, potato farming process, Potato Processing and Uses, Potato Processing Industry in India, potato production in india, Potato Production, Processing and Technology book, Potato Seed Production, Potato Value Added Products, Potatoes: Planting, Growing and Harvesting Potato Plants, Potential value-added products and uses, Process Technology Book for Production of Potato, Setting up and opening your potato processing Business, Starting a Potato Farm - Startup Business, Starting a Potato Processing Business, true potato seed production technology, Use of Manure in Potato Production, Value Added potato processing, Value added products from potato, Value addition to potatoes, Value-Added Food Processing Technologies, Value-added food products processing, Value-added offerings increase in potato category, What are potatoes made out of?, what are seed potato
Return to Resistance
Author: Raoul A. Robinson
Publisher: IDRC
ISBN: 9780889367746
Category : Agricultural pests
Languages : en
Pages : 502
Book Description
In the tradition of Silent Spring, Raoul Robinson's Return to Resistance calls for a revolution. Traditional plant breeding techniques have led us to depend more and more on chemical pesticides to protect ourcrops. Return to Resistance shows gardeners, farmers, and plant breeders how to use a long-neglected technique to create hardy new plant varieties that are naturally resistant to pests and disease. Horizontal resistance breeding has been largely ignored in this century due to the popularity and apparent successes of the Mendelian geneticists. However the colossal, unrecognized failure of m.
Publisher: IDRC
ISBN: 9780889367746
Category : Agricultural pests
Languages : en
Pages : 502
Book Description
In the tradition of Silent Spring, Raoul Robinson's Return to Resistance calls for a revolution. Traditional plant breeding techniques have led us to depend more and more on chemical pesticides to protect ourcrops. Return to Resistance shows gardeners, farmers, and plant breeders how to use a long-neglected technique to create hardy new plant varieties that are naturally resistant to pests and disease. Horizontal resistance breeding has been largely ignored in this century due to the popularity and apparent successes of the Mendelian geneticists. However the colossal, unrecognized failure of m.