Author: Robert HoronjeffPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Soils
Languages : en
Pages : 128
Book Description
The Use of Radioactive Material for the Measurement of Water Content and Density of Soil
Author: Robert HoronjeffPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Soils
Languages : en
Pages : 128
Book Description
Use of Radioactive Material to Measure Soil Moisture and Density
Author: Donald J. BelcherPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Radioisotopes
Languages : en
Pages : 13
Book Description
The need for convenient instruments to measure soil moisture and density in place in a quick, reliable, and possibly continuous manner has long been felt by soils engineers. This paper summarizes the work done up to this time by the Civil Aeronautics Administration and Cornell University on the nuclear meters that are designed to solve the problem. The method presented here makes use of the physical principles of the scattering of neutrons and gamma rays. A source of proper radiation, radium D-beryllium or cobalt 60, is contained in cylindrical probes along with a detector of slow neutrons or of gamma rays, respectively. The probe is inserted into the soil mass through a 1-in. diameter pipe, and the radiation penetrates the nearby soil and is scattered back toward the detector, the amount and character of the scattered radiation giving a measure of the characteristics. The design and testing of such probe meters that measure soils at depth and of the related surface meters that measure thin-layered soils are described in detail. With suitable care, the probe meters measure moisture to ±1 lb of water per cu ft, and measure density to ±5 lb of soil per cu ft. The surface meters are in an earlier experimental stage and are not so accurate. The time required to take a complete set of readings is about 15 min. Further laboratory and field testing is being conducted to perfect these meters to fulfill specific requirements of different engineering projects.
Density and Moisture Content Measurements by Nuclear Methods
Author: Robin P. GardnerPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Radioactive gages
Languages : en
Pages : 56
Book Description
Sources of error that have been identified on the gamma-ray soil density gauge are: (1) sensitivity to local density variations, especially at the soil surface, (2) sensitivity to soil composition, and (3) inaccurate calibration techniques. An attempt was made to solve these problems by developing for each gauge calibration models that enable stable and homogenous non-soil standards to be used for calibration. Calibration standards and calibration models for each gauge were found and tested. In the process of developing and testing the new nuclear gauge calibration model, the dual-gauge principal of compensating these gauges for variations in soil composition was discovered. The air-gap method of using this principal is explained and was optimized by using the calibration model developed in the current study.
Field Measurements of Soil Moisture and Density at the San Francisco Airport by the Use of Radioactive Materials
Author: Robert HoronjeffPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Soils
Languages : en
Pages : 12
Book Description
Nuclear Radiation Methods for the Determination of Density and Moisture Content of Soils
Author: Shunil E. RoyPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Soil moisture
Languages : en
Pages : 200
Book Description
The Measurement of Soil Moisture and Density by Neutron and Gamma-ray Scattering
Author: Donald Jenks BelcherPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Gamma rays
Languages : en
Pages : 28
Book Description
Use of a Nuclear Gauge for Forest Soil Bulk Density Measurement
Author: Christopher HipkinMeasurement of Moisture and Density in Soils by the Nuclear Method
Author: Measurement of Moisture Content and Density of Soil Masses Using Radioactivity Methods
Author: Determining Water Content and Bulk Density of Soil by Gamma Ray Attenuation Methods
Author: E. S. B. FerrazPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Soil moisture
Languages : en
Pages : 68
Book Description