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Author: Alexander Samuel Pasciak Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Advancements in parallel and cluster computing have made many complex Monte Carlo simulations possible in the past several years. Unfortunately, cluster computers are large, expensive, and still not fast enough to make the Monte Carlo technique useful for calculations requiring a near real-time evaluation period. For Monte Carlo simulations, a small computational unit called a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is capable of bringing the power of a large cluster computer into any personal computer (PC). Because an FPGA is capable of executing Monte Carlo simulations with a high degree of parallelism, a simulation run on a large FPGA can be executed at a much higher rate than an equivalent simulation on a modern single-processor desktop PC. In this thesis, a simple radiation transport problem involving moderate energy photons incident on a three-dimensional target is discussed. By comparing the theoretical evaluation speed of this transport problem on a large FPGA to the evaluation speed of the same transport problem using standard computing techniques, it is shown that it is possible to accelerate Monte Carlo computations significantly using FPGAs. In fact, we have found that our simple photon transport test case can be evaluated in excessof 650 times faster on a large FPGA than on a 3.2 GHz Pentium-4 desktop PC running MCNP5-an acceleration factor that we predict will be largely preserved for most Monte Carlo simulations.
Author: Alexander Samuel Pasciak Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Advancements in parallel and cluster computing have made many complex Monte Carlo simulations possible in the past several years. Unfortunately, cluster computers are large, expensive, and still not fast enough to make the Monte Carlo technique useful for calculations requiring a near real-time evaluation period. For Monte Carlo simulations, a small computational unit called a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is capable of bringing the power of a large cluster computer into any personal computer (PC). Because an FPGA is capable of executing Monte Carlo simulations with a high degree of parallelism, a simulation run on a large FPGA can be executed at a much higher rate than an equivalent simulation on a modern single-processor desktop PC. In this thesis, a simple radiation transport problem involving moderate energy photons incident on a three-dimensional target is discussed. By comparing the theoretical evaluation speed of this transport problem on a large FPGA to the evaluation speed of the same transport problem using standard computing techniques, it is shown that it is possible to accelerate Monte Carlo computations significantly using FPGAs. In fact, we have found that our simple photon transport test case can be evaluated in excessof 650 times faster on a large FPGA than on a 3.2 GHz Pentium-4 desktop PC running MCNP5-an acceleration factor that we predict will be largely preserved for most Monte Carlo simulations.
Author: Stephen A. Dupree Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1441984917 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 348
Book Description
The mathematical technique of Monte Carlo, as applied to the transport of sub-atomic particles, has been described in numerous reports and books since its formal development in the 1940s. Most of these instructional efforts have been directed either at the mathematical basis of the technique or at its practical application as embodied in the several large, formal computer codes available for performing Monte Carlo transport calculations. This book attempts to fill what appears to be a gap in this Monte Carlo literature between the mathematics and the software. Thus, while the mathematical basis for Monte Carlo transport is covered in some detail, emphasis is placed on the application of the technique to the solution of practical radiation transport problems. This is done by using the PC as the basic teaching tool. This book assumes the reader has a knowledge of integral calculus, neutron transport theory, and Fortran programming. It also assumes the reader has available a PC with a Fortran compiler. Any PC of reasonable size should be adequate to reproduce the examples or solve the exercises contained herein. The authors believe it is important for the reader to execute these examples and exercises, and by doing so to become accomplished at preparing appropriate software for solving radiation transport problems using Monte Carlo. The step from the software described in this book to the use of production Monte Carlo codes should be straightforward.
Author: Oleg N. Vassiliev Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319441418 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 292
Book Description
This book is a guide to the use of Monte Carlo techniques in radiation transport. This topic is of great interest for medical physicists. Praised as a "gold standard" for accurate radiotherapy dose calculations, Monte Carlo has stimulated a high level of research activity that has produced thousands of papers within the past few years. The book is designed primarily to address the needs of an academically inclined medical physicist who wishes to learn the technique, as well as experienced users of standard Monte Carlo codes who wish to gain insight into the underlying mathematics of Monte Carlo algorithms. The book focuses on the fundamentals—giving full attention to and explaining the very basic concepts. It also includes advanced topics and covers recent advances such as transport of charged particles in magnetic fields and the grid-based solvers of the Boltzmann equation.
Author: Malvin H. Kalos Publisher: ISBN: Category : Monte Carlo method Languages : en Pages : 64
Book Description
A discussion is given of certain methods of importance sampling and scoring in the Monte Carlo solution of the radiation transport equation.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Concurrent Monte Carlo Transport and Fluence Optimization Theory, Development, and Applications Youming Yang Under the supervision of Assistant Professor Bryan P. Bednarz At the UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN - MADISON Future radiation treatment technology will require new inverse planning solutions to account for an increasing number of physical and biological parameters used for advanced delivery modes. The difficult challenge of preserving dosimetric accuracy while finding an optimal treatment plan over a vast search space would greatly benefit from Monte Carlo based dose calculation methods, which can offer improvements in dosimetric accuracy of up to 20% compared to deterministic methods. However, the dosimetric accuracy afforded by conventional Monte Carlo treatment planning methods come at the cost of being computationally time-consuming and memory-intensive to implement. This has largely relegated Monte Carlo treatment planning to research endeavors, where the computational time and memory considerations are less important than the accuracy afforded by Monte Carlo. While advancements in computer hardware and software have greatly improved the speed of Monte Carlo dose calculation methods, the computational demands of newer radiation therapy optimization problems still outpace the scalability of the current optimization paradigm. Therefore, the overarching goal of this research is to develop a novel approach to fluence optimization that directly incorporates optimization into the Monte Carlo transport process itself, in a manner that reduces both the computational time and memory penalties of performing transport and optimization separately. Additionally, the Monte Carlo methods and optimization theory developed in this work was applied to the novel MRI guided radiation therapy delivery modality, an emerging subset of image guided radiation therapy for which Monte Carlo dose calculation methods will be essential in generating safe and robust treatment plans.
Author: Alireza Haghighat Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 042958220X Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 214
Book Description
Fully updated with the latest developments in the eigenvalue Monte Carlo calculations and automatic variance reduction techniques and containing an entirely new chapter on fission matrix and alternative hybrid techniques. This second edition explores the uses of the Monte Carlo method for real-world applications, explaining its concepts and limitations. Featuring illustrative examples, mathematical derivations, computer algorithms, and homework problems, it is an ideal textbook and practical guide for nuclear engineers and scientists looking into the applications of the Monte Carlo method, in addition to students in physics and engineering, and those engaged in the advancement of the Monte Carlo methods. Describes general and particle-transport-specific automated variance reduction techniques Presents Monte Carlo particle transport eigenvalue issues and methodologies to address these issues Presents detailed derivation of existing and advanced formulations and algorithms with real-world examples from the author’s research activities
Author: I. Lux Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1351083287 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 530
Book Description
With this book we try to reach several more-or-less unattainable goals namely: To compromise in a single book all the most important achievements of Monte Carlo calculations for solving neutron and photon transport problems. To present a book which discusses the same topics in the three levels known from the literature and gives us useful information for both beginners and experienced readers. It lists both well-established old techniques and also newest findings.
Author: Alexander Samuel Pasciak
Author: Alexander Samuel Pasciak
Author: Stephen A. Dupree
Author: Oleg N. Vassiliev
Author: Malvin H. Kalos
Author: 
Author: Alireza Haghighat
Author: I. Lux
Author: 
Author: Eric Veach
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