Author: Edgar W. Martin Publisher: Duey Press ISBN: 1443731293 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 464
Book Description
The Standard of Living in 1860 THE Standard of IN 1860 American Consumption Levels on the Eve of the Civil War BY EDGAR W. MARTIN THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS CHICAGO ILLINOIS TABLE OF CONTENTS, PAGE LIST OF TABLES ix CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION i II. THE PRODUCTION OF FOODSTUFFS 11 III. WHAT PEOPLE ATE 45 IV. ARCHITECTURE AND INTERIOR DECORATION 83 V. HOUSING AND HOUSEHOLD OPERATION 106 VI. BOARDING AND LODGING 148 VII. CLOTHING AND PERSONAL CARE 181 VIII. MEDICAL CARE AND PUBLIC HEALTH 220 IX. TRANSPORTATION AND COMMUNICATION 248 X. GOVERNMENTAL AND PHILANTHROPIC CONTRIBUTIONS . . . 278 XI. EDUCATION, READING, AND THE CHURCH 295 XII. LEISURE AND RECREATION 343 XIII. CONCLUSION THE STANDARD OF LIVING IN 1860 .... 393 APPENDIXES 405 INDEX 439 LIST OF TABLES TABLE PAGE 1. CONSUMPTION OF FOODSTUFFS IN THE UNITED STATES AT SELECT ED PERIODS 72, 2. TYPES OF DWELLING HOUSE, NEW YORK STATE, 1855 AND 1865 . 120 3. SQUARE YARDS OF MATERIAL REQUIRED FOR COSTUMES OF THE WELL-To-Do IN VARIOUS YEARS 186 4. THE GROWTH OF THE AMERICAN WOOL MANUFACTURE . . . 189 5. EXPECTATION OF LIFE AT BIRTH, MASSACHUSETTS, 1789-1929 . 220 6. NUMBER OF DOCTORS IN 1860 226 7. MORTALITY RATES IN SEVEN CITIES, 1860 AND 1930 .. . . 246 8. EXPENDITURES OF STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS, 1860 AND 1932 279 9. NEWSPAPER COVERAGE, 1860 AND 1929 315 10. WORKINGMANS BUDGET, PHILADELPHIA, 1851 394 11. STANDARD WORKINGMANS BUDGET, NEW YORK CITY, 1853 . . 395 12. TYPICAL BUDGET, NEW YORK BUSINESSMAN, 1857, 395 13. PERCENTAGE ALLOCATION OF EXPENDITURES BY AMERICAN FAMI LIES, 1850-60 AND 1935-36 397 14. POPULATION IN 1860 BY STATE AND SECTION 405 15. WAGES IN SELECTED OCCUPATIONS, 1860 ........ 409 16. WAGES IN SELECTED FACTORIES ANDMILLS, 1860 410 17. WAGES OF UNSKILLED LABOR IN SELECTED INDUSTRIES, 1860 . .411 18. WAGES OF FARM LABORERS, 1859-60 412 19. WAGES OF SERVANTS AND FARM HANDS, 1860 413 20. WAGES IN SELECTED INDUSTRIES, 1860, BY WAGE GROUPS ., 414 21. WAGES IN SELECTED INDUSTRIES, 1860, BY WAGE GROUPS . . .415 22. INDEX NUMBERS FOR REAL WAGES, 1820-1900 415 23. CONSUMPTION OF MILK IN THIRTEEN STATES, YEAR ENDING JUNE 30, 1860 4 1 24. RETAIL MEAT PRICES, MASSACHUSETTS, 1860 418 x LIST OF TABLES TABLE PAGE 25. RETAIL PRICES OF DAIRY PRODUCTS AND EGGS, MASSACHUSETTS, 1860 419 26. RETAIL PRICES OF CEREAL PRODUCTS, MASSACHUSETTS, 1860 . . 419 27. RETAIL PRICES OF FRUITS AND VEGETABLES, MASSACHUSETTS, 1851-60 419 28. RETAIL FOOD PRICES, ILLINOIS, JANUARY, 1856 419 29. RETAIL FOOD PRICES, LAWRENCE, KANSAS, SEPTEMBER 22, 1855 4 2 30. RETAIL FOOD PRICES, DENVER, JULY 9, 1859 4 2 31. RETAIL FOOD PRICES, CHINA TOWN, NEVADA, JUNE n, 1859 . . 420 32. RETAIL FOOD PRICES, SALT LAKE CITY, 1860 421 33. AVERAGE MONTHLY HOUSE RENT IN MANUFACTURING TOWNS, 1860-61 422 34. MONTHLY HOUSE RENT IN VARIOUS CITIES, 1860 423 35. ESTIMATED CONSTRUCTION COSTS FOR COUNTRY HOUSES, 1851 . 424 36. ESTIMATED CONSTRUCTION COSTS, 1857 425 37. RETAIL PRICE OF COAL PER TON IN VARIOUS CITIES, 1860 . ., 426 38. RETAIL PRICE OF WOOD PER CORD IN VARIOUS CITIES, 1860 . . 426 39. PRICE OF BOARD PER WEEK TO LABORING MAN, BY STATES, 1860 . 428 40. PRICE OF BOARD PER WEEK IN VARIOUS CITIES, 1860 .... 429 41. ADVERTISED PRICES, MENS FALL AND WINTER QLOTHING, OCTO BER 24, 1860 430 42 ADVERTISED PRICES, MENS SUMMER CLOTHING, JUNE 27, 1857 . 431 43. LENGTH OF WORKING DAY IN VARIOUS INDUSTRIES, 1860 . ., 432 44. LENGTH OF WORKING DAY IN 350 FIRMS, BYSTATES, 1860 ... 433 45. SCHOOL ATTENDANCE IN 1860 434 46. LIBRARY FACILITIES IN 1860 BY SECTION AND STATE .... 435 47. SUMMARY OF LIBRARY STATISTICS, EIGHTH CENSUS, 1860 ., ., 436 48. RHEESS ESTIMATE OF THE NUMBER AND SIZE OF LIBRARIES, 1859 43 49. PUBLIC LIBRARIES LENDING TWENTY THOUSAND OR MORE VOL UMES ANNUALLY, 1859 437 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STANDARD OF LIVING The nature of economic history...
Author: Robert E. Gallman Publisher: University of Chicago Press ISBN: 0226279472 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 410
Book Description
This benchmark volume addresses the debate over the effects of early industrialization on standards of living during the decades before the Civil War. Its contributors demonstrate that the aggregate antebellum economy was growing faster than any other large economy had grown before. Despite the dramatic economic growth and rise in income levels, questions remain as to the general quality of life during this era. Was the improvement in income widely shared? How did economic growth affect the nature of work? Did higher levels of income lead to improved health and longevity? The authors address these questions by analyzing new estimates of labor force participation, real wages, and productivity, as well as of the distribution of income, height, and nutrition.
Author: William A. Blair Publisher: UNC Press Books ISBN: 0807852619 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 154
Book Description
The University of North Carolina Press and the George and Ann Richards Civil War Era Center at the Pennsylvania State University are pleased to Publish The Journal of the Civil War Era. William Blair, of the Pennsylvania State University, serves as founding editor. Table of Contents for this issue: Volume 1, Number 3: September 2011 Articles Jon Grinspan "Sorrowfully Amusing": The Popular Comedy of the Civil War Joan E. Cashin Trophies of War: Material Culture in the Civil War Era Anne E. Marshall The 1906 Uncle Tom's Cabin Law and the Politics of Race and Memory in Early-Twentieth-Century Kentucky Review Essay Wayne Wei-Siang Hsieh Total War and the American Civil War Reconsidered: The End of an Outdated "Master Narrative" Book Reviews Books Received Professional Notes Barbara Franco Planned Commemorations: Unexpected Consequences Notes on Contributors The Journal of the Civil War Era takes advantage of the flowering of research on the many issues raised by the sectional crisis, war, Reconstruction, and memory of the conflict, while bringing fresh understanding to the struggles that defined the period, and by extension, the course of American history in the nineteenth century.
Author: R. Allen Lott Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0190287551 Category : Music Languages : en Pages : 384
Book Description
It's difficult to imagine Franz Liszt performing in Peoria, but his contemporary and foremost rival, Sigismund Thalberg, did just that. During the mid-nineteenth century, Americans in more than a hundred cities--from Portland, Maine to Dubuque, Iowa to Mobile, Alabama--were treated to performances by some of Europe's most celebrated pianists. From Paris to Peoria deftly chronicles the visits of five of these pianists to the America of Mark Twain. Whether performing in small railroad towns throughout the Midwest or in gold-rush era California, these five charismatic pianists--Leopold de Meyer, Henri Herz, Sigismund Thalberg, Anton Rubinstein, and Hans von Bülow--introduced many Americans to the delights of the concert hall. With humor and insight, R. Allen Lott describes the glamour and the drudgery of the touring life, the transformation of American audiences from boisterous to reverent, and the establishment of the piano recital as a viable artistic and financial enterprise. Lott also explores the creative and sometimes outlandish publicity techniques of managers seeking to capitalize on prosperous but uncharted American markets. The result of extensive archival research, From Paris to Peoria is richly illustrated with concert programs, handbills, caricatures, and maps. A companion website, www.rallenlott.info, includes a comprehensive list of repertoires and itineraries, audio music examples, and transcriptions of selected primary sources. Certain to delight pianists, musicologists, and historians, From Paris to Peoria is an engaging, thoroughly researched, and often funny account of music and culture in nineteenth-century America.
Author: Susan Strasser Publisher: Macmillan ISBN: 9780805067743 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 384
Book Description
Finally back in print, with a new Preface by the author, this lively, authoritative, and pathbreaking study considers the history of material advances and domestic service, the "women's separate sphere," and the respective influences of advertising, home economics, and women's entry into the workforce. Never Done begins by describing the household chores of nineteenth-century America: cooking at fireplaces and on cast-iron stoves, laundry done with boilers and flatirons, endless water-hauling and fire-tending, and so on. Strasser goes on to explain and explore how industrialization transformed the nature of women's work. Easing some tasks and eliminating others, new commercial processes inexorably altered women's daily lives and relationships—with each other and with those they served.
Author: Richard Lyman Bushman Publisher: Vintage ISBN: 0307761606 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 529
Book Description
This lively and authoritative volume makes clear that the quest for taste and manners in America has been essential to the serious pursuit of a democratic culture. Spanning the material world from mansions and silverware to etiquette books, city planning, and sentimental novels, Richard L. Bushman shows how a set of values originating in aristocratic court culture gradually permeated almost every stratum of American society and served to prevent the hardening of class consciousness. A work of immense and richly nuanced learning, The Refinement of America newly illuminates every facet of both our artifacts and our values.
Author: Edgar W. Martin
Author: Edgar Winfield Martin
Author: Edgar W. MARTIN (Writer on Economics.)
Author: Edgar Winfield Martin
Author: Robert E. Gallman
Author: William A. Blair
Author: R. Allen Lott
Author: Susan Strasser
Author: Richard Lyman Bushman
Author: Jacques D. Bagur