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Author: Lawson W. Brigham Publisher: ISBN: Category : Arctic Ocean Languages : en Pages : 360
Book Description
This collection of 17 papers on the Soviet North includes exploration, sea ice, petroleum resources, the Northern Sea Route and commercial shipping, strategic, defence and sovereignty issues, international cooperation and Soviet policies in the Arctic and Antarctic. Includes appendices of policy announcements and decrees, international agreements and participation in international arrangements.
Author: Lawson W. Brigham Publisher: ISBN: Category : Arctic Ocean Languages : en Pages : 360
Book Description
This collection of 17 papers on the Soviet North includes exploration, sea ice, petroleum resources, the Northern Sea Route and commercial shipping, strategic, defence and sovereignty issues, international cooperation and Soviet policies in the Arctic and Antarctic. Includes appendices of policy announcements and decrees, international agreements and participation in international arrangements.
Author: Erik Franckx Publisher: BRILL ISBN: 9004639365 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 358
Book Description
With the fundamental changes which occurred in the political structure of Europe, and improved East--West relations in general, the Arctic has increasingly become the focal point of international attention during the last few years. Scientific research and environmental protection are areas which have already witnessed some form of international cooperation in the area. With this particular evolution in mind, a new look at the legal regime of navigation in the Arctic seems to be justified. While several other countries border on the Arctic, Canada and Russia have the most extensive shorelines and have shown keen interest in ensuring that their proper share of this area is not encroached by other countries. This book is thus generally restricted to an examination of the maritime boundaries that these states are claiming, and the extent to which other states have recognized them. It also explores the need for greater international cooperation in this area, not only between the two main contenders but also with other countries that have shown a special interest in Arctic navigation and in the exploitation of resources of this area.
Author: R. Douglas Brubaker Publisher: BRILL ISBN: 9047406729 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 291
Book Description
The issues surrounding the regimes of ice-covered areas, international straits, and passage rights of State vessels are analysed for the purpose of assessing the status of law and State practice in Russian Arctic waters.
Author: Richard Woodman Publisher: Pen and Sword ISBN: 1526714264 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 640
Book Description
The story of Allied merchant ships and crews who braved the frigid far north to extend a lifeline to Russia, filled with “sheer heroism and brazen drama” (Literary Review). During the last four years of the Second World War, the Western Allies secured Russian defenses against Germany by supplying vital food and arms. The plight of those in Murmansk and Archangel who benefited is now well known, but few are aware of the courage, determination, and sacrifice of Allied merchant ships, which withstood unremitting U-boat attacks and aerial bombardment to maintain the lifeline to Russia. In the storms, fog, and numbing cold of the Arctic, where the sinking of a ten thousand–ton freighter was equal to a land battle in terms of destruction, the losses sustained were huge. Told from the perspective of their crews, this is the inspiring story of the long-suffering merchant ships without which Russia would almost certainly have fallen to Nazi Germany.
Author: John McCannon Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA ISBN: 0195114361 Category : Arctic regions Languages : en Pages : 255
Book Description
McCannon also exposes the reality behind these exploits: chaotic blunders, bureaucratic competition, and the eventual rise of the GULAG as the dominant force in the North.
Author: William Geroux Publisher: Penguin ISBN: 0525557474 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 370
Book Description
An extraordinary story of survival and alliance during World War II: the icy journey of four Allied ships crossing the Arctic to deliver much needed supplies to the Soviet war effort. On the fourth of July, 1942, four Allied ships traversing the Arctic separated from their decimated convoy to head further north into the ice field of the North Pole, seeking safety from Nazi bombers and U-boats in the perilous white maze of ice floes, growlers, and giant bergs. Despite the risks, they had a better chance of survival than the rest of Convoy PQ-17, a fleet of thirty-five cargo ships carrying $1 billion worth of war supplies to the Soviet port of Archangel--the limited help Roosevelt and Churchill extended to Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin to maintain their fragile alliance, even as they avoided joining the fight in Europe while the Eastern Front raged. The high-level politics that put Convoy PQ-17 in the path of the Nazis were far from the minds of the diverse crews aboard their ships. U.S. Navy Ensign Howard Carraway, aboard the SS Troubadour, was a farm boy from South Carolina and one of the many Americans for whom the convoy was to be a first taste of war; aboard the SS Ironclad, Ensign William Carter of the U.S. Navy Reserve had passed up a chance at Harvard Business School to join the Navy Armed Guard; from the Royal Navy Reserve, Lt. Leo Gradwell was given command of the HMT Ayrshire, a fishing trawler that had been converted into an antisubmarine vessel. All the while, The Ghost Ships of Archangel turns its focus on Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin, playing diplomatic games that put their ships in peril. The twenty-four-hour Arctic daylight in midsummer gave no respite from bombers, and the Germans wielded the terrifying battleship Tirpitz, nicknamed The Big Bad Wolf. Icebergs were as dangerous as Nazis. As a newly forged alliance was close to dissolving and the remnants of Convoy PQ-17 tried to slip through the Arctic in one piece, the fate of the world hung in the balance.
Author: Publisher: DIANE Publishing ISBN: 1428913963 Category : Languages : en Pages : 85
Book Description
The summer of 1991 marked the first time in recent history that Russia offered to escort ships of other countries across the Northern Sea Route (NSR). For moving cargo between the North Pacific region and Northern European ports, the NSR, along Russia's northern coastline, is between 35 and 60% shorter than the traditionally used routes through the Suez and Panama Canals. In addition to its shorter distance, there already exists an extensive ports and shipping infrastructure, a current cargo base, and the potential for developing new markets in Russia and other northern areas. These incentives are attracting considerable attention from the international shipping community, including that portion servicing Alaskan and northwestern U.S. ports. This report is a general compilation of the historical usage, recent trade developments, the current regulatory climate, the physical environment, the ports and navigational infrastructure, cost factors, and practical considerations that may shape future U.S. interests in the route.
Author: Robert C. Beckman Publisher: BRILL ISBN: 9004339388 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 472
Book Description
Governance of Arctic Shipping: Balancing Rights and Interests of Arctic States and User States examines potential cooperative mechanisms for balancing rights and interests of Arctic States and user States in light of experiences with Southeast Asian cooperative mechanisms. This volume analyzes the applicable international regulatory framework with special attention to the roles of the International Maritime Organization and the Arctic Council. The rights, interests, positions and practice of Arctic coastal States are compared with those of user States, with particular emphasis on China, Japan and South Korea. The final chapters analyze cooperative arrangements in Southeast Asia, in order to explore if these could act as models to enhance cooperation among coastal States and user States in the Arctic.
Author: Lawson W. Brigham
Author: Lawson W. Brigham
Author: Erik Franckx
Author: R. Douglas Brubaker
Author: 
Author: Richard Woodman
Author: John McCannon
Author: William Geroux
Author: 
Author: Donald Rothwell
Author: Robert C. Beckman